ASTM E2207-15(2021)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Strain-Controlled Axial-Torsional Fatigue Testing with Thin-Walled Tubular Specimens
Standard Practice for Strain-Controlled Axial-Torsional Fatigue Testing with Thin-Walled Tubular Specimens
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Multiaxial forces often tend to introduce deformation and damage mechanisms that are unique and quite different from those induced under a simple uniaxial loading condition. Since most engineering components are subjected to cyclic multiaxial forces it is necessary to characterize the deformation and fatigue behaviors of materials in this mode. Such a characterization enables reliable prediction of the fatigue lives of many engineering components. Axial-torsional loading is one of several possible types of multiaxial force systems and is essentially a biaxial type of loading. Thin-walled tubular specimens subjected to axial-torsional loading can be used to explore behavior of materials in two of the four quadrants in principal stress or strain spaces. Axial-torsional loading is more convenient than in-plane biaxial loading because the stress state in the thin-walled tubular specimens is constant over the entire test section and is well-known. This practice is useful for generating fatigue life and cyclic deformation data on homogeneous materials under axial, torsional, and combined in- and out-of-phase axial-torsional loading conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 The standard deals with strain-controlled, axial, torsional, and combined in- and out-of-phase axial torsional fatigue testing with thin-walled, circular cross-section, tubular specimens at isothermal, ambient and elevated temperatures. This standard is limited to symmetric, completely-reversed strains (zero mean strains) and axial and torsional waveforms with the same frequency in combined axial-torsional fatigue testing. This standard is also limited to characterization of homogeneous materials with thin-walled tubular specimens and does not cover testing of either large-scale components or structural elements.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E2207 − 15 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Practice for
Strain-Controlled Axial-Torsional Fatigue Testing with Thin-
1
Walled Tubular Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2207; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope rials at Room Temperature
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
1.1 The standard deals with strain-controlled, axial,
someter Systems
torsional, and combined in- and out-of-phase axial torsional
E111 Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Tangent Modulus,
fatigue testing with thin-walled, circular cross-section, tubular
and Chord Modulus
specimens at isothermal, ambient and elevated temperatures.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
This standard is limited to symmetric, completely-reversed
E143 Test Method for Shear Modulus at Room Temperature
strains (zero mean strains) and axial and torsional waveforms
E209 PracticeforCompressionTestsofMetallicMaterialsat
with the same frequency in combined axial-torsional fatigue
Elevated Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heat-
testing. This standard is also limited to characterization of
ing Rates and Strain Rates
homogeneous materials with thin-walled tubular specimens
E467 Practice for Verification of Constant Amplitude Dy-
and does not cover testing of either large-scale components or
namic Forces in an Axial Fatigue Testing System
structural elements.
E606/E606M Test Method for Strain-Controlled Fatigue
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Testing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Force Application
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E1417/E1417M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
E1444/E1444M Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
E1823 TerminologyRelatingtoFatigueandFractureTesting
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
E2624 Practice for Torque Calibration of Testing Machines
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3. Terminology
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1 Definitions—The terms specific to this practice are
defined in this section.All other terms used in this practice are
2. Referenced Documents
in accordance with Terminologies E6 and E1823.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
E3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens
3.2.1 axial strain—refers to engineering axial strain, ε, and
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
is defined as change in length divided by the original length
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
(∆L /L ).
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma- g g
terials
3.2.2 shear strain—refers to engineering shear strain, γ,
E9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Mate- resulting from the application of a torsional moment to a
cylindrical specimen. Such a torsional shear strain is simple
shear and is defined similar to axial strain with the exception
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E08 on Fatigue and
that the shearing displacement, ∆L is perpendicular to rather
s
Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.05 on Cyclic
thanparalleltothegagelength, L ,thatis,γ=∆L/L (seeFig.
g s g
Deformation and Fatigue Crack Formation.
1).
Current edition approved June 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally
3.2.2.1 Discussion—γ= is related to the angles of twist, θ
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E2207–15. DOI:
10.1520/E2207-15R21.
and Ψ as follows:
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
γ = tan Ψ, where Ψ is the angle of twist along the gage
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
length of the cylindrical specimen. For small angles ex-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. pressed in radians, tan Ψ approaches Ψ and γ approaches Ψ.
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