ASTM D1411-99
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Water-Soluble Chlorides Present as Admixtures in Graded Aggregate Road Mixes
Standard Test Methods for Water-Soluble Chlorides Present as Admixtures in Graded Aggregate Road Mixes
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods are applicable to the determination of water-soluble calcium, magnesium, and sodium chlorides used as admixes in the preparation of graded aggregate road materials. Note 1-These test methods assume that the aggregate did not contain significant amounts of the water-soluble chlorides in question before the admixture was added. If significant amounts of these chlorides are known or suspected to be present, the aggregate shall be tested for these constituents according to these test methods and the proper corrections made.
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Designation: D 1411 – 99
Standard Test Methods for
Water-Soluble Chlorides Present as Admixtures in Graded
Aggregate Road Mixes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1411; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * graded aggregate obtained from aggregate roads or aggregate
bases under paved roads is of interest to highway departments
1.1 These test methods are applicable to the determination
using calcium chloride or sodium chloride stabilization. The
of water-soluble calcium, magnesium, and sodium chlorides
percentages of calcium chloride or sodium chloride obtained in
used as admixtures in the preparation of graded aggregate road
these test methods are compared with the quantities added to
materials.
determine whether the road material and stabilizing agent were
NOTE 1—These test methods assume that the aggregate did not contain
properly mixed, whether leaching of the stabilizing agent
significant amounts of the water-soluble chlorides in question before the
occurred, etc.
admixture was added. If significant amounts of these chlorides are known
or suspected to be present, the aggregate shall be tested for these
5. Purity of Reagents
constituents according to these test methods and the proper corrections
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
made.
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
accuracy of the determination.
2. Referenced Documents
5.2 Unless otherwise indicated, reference to water shall be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
understood to mean distilled water or water of equal purity
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
2 conforming to Specification D 1193.
Fluids
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
6. Preparation of Samples
6.1 Submit samples from the field to the laboratory in sealed
3. Terminology
containers. For each individual sample, break up any large
3.1 Except as follows in 3.2, all definitions are in accor-
lumps in a mortar and quarter the sample. Accurately weigh
dance with Terminology D 653.
approximately 300 g (dry weight) of a quartered sample and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
transfer it to a 1-L bottle. Add 479 mL of water, 20 mL of ferric
3.2.1 admixture—a material other than water, aggregates,
ammonium sulfate (100 g/L) and 1 mL of ammonium hydrox-
hydraulic cement, and fiber reinforcement used as an ingredi-
ide (sp gr 0.90). Agitate in a shaker overnight or for 12 to 15
ent and added immediately before or during the mixing of road
h. Filter through fluted filter paper, discarding the first 50 mL
materials.
and retaining the remainder. Determine calcium, magnesium,
and chloride in the clear filtrate.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The percentage of calcium chloride, magnesium chlo-
NOTE 2—The addition of ferric ammonium sulfate and ammonium
ride, and alkali chloride (calculated as sodium chloride) in hydroxide should give complete coagulation of most of the dispersible
These methods are under the jurisdiction of Committee D-18 on Soil and Rock
and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization with “Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications,” American
Admixtures. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1999. Published April 1999. Originally issued listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
as D 1411 – 56 T. Last previous edition D 1411 – 98. Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08. and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmaceutical Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. MD.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1411
materials and give clear filtrates.
and mix thoroughly. One millilitre of the second dilution is
equivalent to 0.000832 g of calcium chloride.
TOTAL CHLORIDES
10.3 EDTA Standard Solution—Dissolve 3.792 g of diso-
dium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate dihydrate in wa-
7. Reagents
ter in a 1-L volumetric flask and dilute to volume with water.
7.1 Ammonium Thiocyanate, Standard Solution (0.1 N)—
Standardize this solution by titrating 50.0 mL of the dilute
Dissolve 7.6 g of ammonium thiocyanate (NH SCN) in water
calcium chloride standard solution.
and dilute to 1 L. Standardize against the 0.1 N AgNO
10.4 Hydroxylamine Hydrochloride, 10 % Solution—
solution.
Dissolve 10 g of hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH OH·HCl)
7.2 Benzyl Alcohol, Chlorine-Free.
in 90 mL of water.
7.3 Nitric Acid (sp gr 1.42)—Concentrated HNO .
10.5 Potassium Cyanide.
7.4 Silver Nitrate, Standard Solution (0.1 N)—Dissolve
10.6 Sodium Hydroxide, Standard Solution (2N)—
17.0 g of silver nitrate (AgNO ) in water and dilute to 1 L. This
Dissolve 80 g of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in 300 mL of
is a primary standard.
water. Transfer to a 1-L volumetric flask and dilute to volume
7.5 Volhard Indicator Solution—Dissolve 10 g of ferric
with water.
ammonium sulfate (FeNH (SO ) ·12H O) in 100 mL of water
4 4 2 2 10.7 Sugar.
and add 1 mL of HNO .
11. Procedure
8. Procedure
11.1 Pipet a suitable aliquot of the solution of the sample
8.1 Acidify a suitable portion of the sample solution (see
(see Section 6) 10.0 mL of the solution, or approximately 6 g
Section 6) (10-mL aliquot) with 3 to 5 mL of concentrated
of the original sample) into a 500-mL Erlenmeyer flask and
HNO , add a known volume of the 0.1 N AgNO solution that
3 3 dilute to about 200 mL.
is in excess of the amount requ
...
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