ASTM A264-94a(1999)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
Standard Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers plate, sheet, and strip of carbon steel or low-alloy steel base to which is integrally and continuously bonded on one or both sides a layer of stainless chromium-nickel steel. The material is generally intended for pressure vessel use.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. SI units are provided for information only.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A 264 – 94a (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Specification for
Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-Clad Plate, Sheet, and
Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 264; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 plate—Material ⁄16 in. (2.73 mm) and over in thick-
2 ness and over 10 in. (254 mm) in width.
1.1 This specification covers plate, sheet, and strip of
3.1.4 sheet—Material under ⁄16 in. (2.73 mm) in thickness
carbon steel or low-alloy steel base to which is integrally and
and 24 in. (609.6 mm) and over in width, material under ⁄16in.
continuously bonded on one or both sides a layer of stainless
in thickness and all widths and finishes of Nos. 3 to 8 inclusive,
chromium-nickel steel. The material is generally intended for
and
pressure vessel use.
3.1.5 strip—Cold-rolled material under 24 in. (609.6 mm)
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
in width and ⁄16 in. (2.73 mm) and under in thickness.
as the standard. SI units are provided for information only.
4. Ordering Information
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
2.1 ASTM Standards:
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
A 20/A 20M Specification for General Requirements for
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
Steel Plates for Pressure Vessels
limited to, the following:
A 240/A 240M Specification for Heat-Resisting Chromium
4.1.1 Quantity (mass or number of pieces),
and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and
4.1.2 Name of material (stainless chromium-nickel steel-
Strip for Pressure Vessels
clad plate, sheet or strip),
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
4.1.3 Cladding alloy (see Section 10),
of Steel Products
4.1.4 Base metal (see Section 10),
A 480/A 480M Specification for General Requirements for
4.1.5 Dimensions including the thickness of the cladding
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
alloy,
Sheet, and Strip
4.1.6 Product analysis, if required, (see Section 8),
A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for
4.1.7 Mechanical properties (see Sections 7, 8, and 15),
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
4.1.8 Finish (see Section 11),
2.2 ASME Code:
4.1.9 Restrictions, if required, on repair by welding (see
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX, Welding
5 Section 12), and
Qualifications
4.1.10 Additions to the specification or special require-
3. Terminology ments.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5. Materials and Manufacture
3.1.1 This material is considered as single-clad or double-
5.1 Process:
clad corrosion-resisting chromium-nickel steel plate, sheet, or
5.1.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth, electric-
strip depending on whether one or both sides are covered.
furnace (with separate degassing and refining optional), or
3.1.2 The terms plate, sheet, and strip as used in this
basic-oxygen processes, or by secondary processes whereby
specification apply to the following:
steel made from these primary processes is remelted using
electroslag remelting or vacuum-arc remelting processes.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
5.1.2 The alloy-cladding metal may be metallurgically
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
bonded to the base metal by any method that will produce a
A01.17on Flat Stainless Steel Products.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1994. Published February 1995. Originally
clad steel which will conform to the requirements of this
published as A 264 – 43 T. Last previous edition A 264 – 94.
specification.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
5.2 Heat Treatment:
cation SA-264 in Section II of that Code.
5.2.1 Unless otherwise specified or agreed upon between
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.04.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
the purchaser and the manufacturer, all austenitic stainless steel
5 th
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 E. 47 St.,
clad plates shall be given a heat treatment consisting of heating
New York, NY 10017.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 264
to the proper temperature for the solution of the chromium 7.1.3 Shear Strength—When required by the purchaser, the
carbides in the cladding followed by individual air cooling. For minimum shear strength of the alloy cladding and base metals
base metals of air-hardening low-alloy steels the above heat shall be 20 000 psi (140 MPa). The shear test, when specified,
treatment shall be followed by a tempering treatment. shall be made in the manner indicated in Fig. 1.
5.2.2 When plates over 1 in. (25.4 mm) in thickness are to 7.1.4 Bond Strength—As an alternative to the shear strength
be cold formed, the purchaser may specify that such plates be test provided in 7.1.3 and when required by the purchaser, three
heat treated for grain refinement of the base metal. bend tests shall be made with the alloy cladding in compression
to determine the quality of the bond. These bend tests shall be
6. Chemical Composition
made in accordance with the specifications for the cladding
6.1 The composite plate, sheet, or strip may conform to any
metal. At least two of the three tests shall show not more than
desired combination of alloy-cladding metal and base metal as
50 % separation on both edges of the bent portion. Greater
described in 6.2 and 6.3 and as agreed upon between the
separation shall be cause for rejection.
purchaser and the manufacturer.
7.2 Sheet and Strip:
6.2 Alloy Cladding Metal—The alloy-cladding metal speci-
7.2.1 The bend test specimens of sheet and strip shall stand
fied shall conform to the requirements as to chemical compo-
being bent cold through an angle of 180° without cracking on
sition prescribed for the respective chromium-nickel or duplex
the outside of the bent portion. The bend test specimens shall
steel in Specification A 240/A 240M.
be bent around a pin the diameter of which is equal to the
6.3 Base Metal—The base metal may be carbon steel or
thickness of the material. The axis of the bend shall be
low-alloy steel conforming to the ASTM specifications for
transverse to the direction of rolling.
steel for pressure vessels. The base metal shall conform to the 7.2.2 The bond between the alloy cladding and the base
chemical requirements of the specification to which it is
metal shall be ascertained by observation of the behavior of the
ordered. composite sheet or strip when sheared with the alloy side
down.
7. Mechanical Properties
7.3 Methods and practices relating to mechanical testing
7.1 Plate:
required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
7.1.1 Tensile Requirements:
Methods and Definitions A 370.
7.1.1.1 The tensile properties shall be determined by a
8. Product Analysis
tension test of the composite plate for clad plates that meet all
of the following conditions. However, if the cladding is for
8.1 Product analysis may be required on finished product.
corrosion allowance only, the cladding may be removed prior
Chemical analysis may be accomplished by wet chemical or
to tensile testing. The tensile properties thus determined shall
instrumental procedures. If wet chemical procedures are used,
be not less than the minimum and not more than 5000 psi (35
millings may be taken only when the composite plate thickness
MPa) over the maximum prescribed in the specification for the
is sufficient to permit obtaining millings without danger of
base steel used. All other tensile test requirements of the
contamination from the adjacent layer. If spectrometric proce-
specification for the base steel shall be met.
dures are used, the sample shall be exposed on the center line
(a) The composite gage is less than or equal to 1 ⁄2 in.
of the cladding when there is sufficient cladding thickness
(b) The specified minimum tensile strength of the base steel
is less than or equal to 70 000 psi (485 MPa).
(c) The specified minimum yield strength of the base steel is
less than or equal to 40 000 psi (275 MPa).
7.1.1.2 The tensile properties shall be determined by a
tension test of the base steel only for clad plates that meet one
of the following conditions. The tensile properties thus deter-
mined shall meet all of the tensile test requirements for the base
steel.
(a) The composite gage is greater than 1 ⁄2 in.
(b) The specified minimum tensile strength of the base steel
is greater than 70 000 psi (485 MPa).
(c) The specified minimum yield strength of the base steel is
greater than 40 000 psi (275 MPa).
7.1.2 Ductility—Two bend tests of the composite plate shall
be made, one with the alloy cladding in tension and the other
with the alloy cladding in compression to determine the
Metric Equivalents
ductility of the materials. On double-clad plates, the bend tests
in. mm in. mm
shall be made so that one specimen represents the alloy
0.005 0.127 1 25.4
cladding in tension on one side while the other specimen 1 1
⁄8 3.18 2 ⁄2 64.5
represents the alloy cladding in tension on the opposite side. ⁄4 19.1 3 76.2
Bend tests shall be made in accordance with the requirements
FIG. 1 Test Specimen and Method of Making Shear Test of Clad
prescribed in the specification for the base metal. Plate
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
A 264
available so that there is no contamination from the adjacent 12.1.5 The repaired area shall be examined by a liquid
base metal. penetrant method in accordance with 12.1.3.
8.2 If product analysis is specified by the purchaser, it shall 12.1.6 The location and extent of the weld repairs together
be made on a sample taken from the finished product or a with the repair procedure and examination results shall be
broken test specimen. For wet chemical analysis, in order to transmitted as a part of the certification.
avoid contamination by the base plate metal, millings of 12.2 At the request of the purchaser or his inspector, plates
cladding samples shall be taken from the test coupon by shall be reheat treated following repair by welding.
removal and discard of all the base metal plus 40 % of the
13. General Requirements for Delivery
cladding thickness from the bonded side, not to exceed ⁄16 in.
13.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
(1.598 mm). The material shall be cleaned and sufficient
millings taken to represent the full cross-section of the remain- form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Specification A 20/A 20M.
der. If there is insufficient cladding thickness available to
spectrographically expose on the center line
14. Number of Tests and Retests
of the cladding without contamination, 50 % of the cladding
14.1 Plate:
shall be removed and the sample exposed on this surface.
14.1.1 One or more tension tests, as required by the speci-
8.3 The results of the product analysis shall conform to the
fications for the base metal, one face bend test (alloy cladding
requirements of Section 7 of Specification A 480/A 480M.
in tension), one reverse bend test (alloy cladding in compres-
8.4 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis
sion), and, when specified, one shear test or three bond bend
required by this specification shall be in accordance with Test
tests shall be made representing each plate as rolled. Each
Methods, Practices, and Definitions A 751.
specimen shall be in the final condition of heat treatment
9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
required for the plate.
9.1 Composite plates, sheets, and strips shall conform to the 14.1.2 If any test specimen shows defective machining or
develops flaws, it may be discarded and another specimen
dimensional and weight requirements prescribed in Table 1,
Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5. substituted.
14.1.3 If the percentage of elongation of any tension test
10. Thickness of Cladding Metal
specimen is less than that specified in 8.1.1 and any part of the
10.1 The minimum thickness and tolerances on the thick- fracture is more than ⁄4 in. (19.1 mm) from the center of the
ness of the alloy-cladding metal shall be agreed upon between gage length of a 2-in. (50.8-mm) specimen or is outside the
the purchaser and the manufacturer. middle third of the gage length of an 8-in. (203.2-mm)
specimen, as indicated by scribe scratches marked on the
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
specimen before testing, a retest shall be allowed.
11.1 The material shall be free of injurious defects, shall
14.2 Sheet and Strip:
have a workmanlike appearance, and shall conform to the 14.2.1 In the case of single-clad sheet or strip produced in
designated finish.
coil form, two bend tests shall be made from each end of the
11.2 Plate alloy surfaces shall be sand-blasted, pickled, or coil. On double-clad sheet or strip produced in coil form, one
blast-cleaned and pickled. bend test shall be made from each end of the coil.
11.3 The finish for the alloy surfaces of sheets and strips 14.2.2 In the case of single-clad sheet or strip produced in
shall be as specified in Specification A 240/A 240M. discrete cut lengths, four bend tests shall be made on each 100
or less pieces of the same heat and nominal thickness, provided
12. Repair of Cladding by Welding
the 100 pieces weigh not less than 1000 lbs. In the event that
12.1 The material manufacturer may repair defects in clad-
100 pieces weigh less than 1000 lbs, four bend tests shall be
ding by welding provided the following requirements are met: made from each 1000 lbs or less of the same heat and nominal
12.1.1 Prior approval shall be obtained from the purchaser if
thickness. On double-clad sheet or strip, two bend tests shall be
the repaired area exceeds 3 % of the cladding surface. made on each lot as defined in the two preceding sentences.
12.1.2 The welding procedure and the welders or welding
14.2.3 On double-clad materials, the bend tests shall be
operators shall be qualified in accordance with Section IX of made so that one specimen will represent the alloy-cladding
the ASME Code.
metal in tension on one side while the other specimen will
12.1.3 The
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