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ASTM A345-04

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications

Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification concerns general procedures for specifying requirements of flat-rolled electrical steels for magnetic applications. This specification is to be used when the material in question is not covered by an ASTM material specification. The specification does not contain requirements but instead lists physical properties, ordering information and other attributes that should be considered when purchasing the material. All ASTM electrical steel specifications are in conformity to this specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers general procedures for specifying requirements in the procurement and delivery of flat-rolled electrical steels for magnetic applications. When an applicable individual specification does not exist, this specification enables the user to order a suitable material to be supplied under controlled conditions with respect to magnetic quality, sampling, testing, packaging, and so forth, by specifying certain requirements on the purchase order and citing this specification.
1.2 Individual specifications that are in conformity with this specification are Specifications A 677/A 677M, A 683/A 683M, A 726, A 840, and A 876.Note 1
For more information on procedures associated with this specification, refer to the following: Test Methods A 341/A 341M, A 343/A 343M, A 348/A 348M, A 596/A 596M, A 712, A 719/A 719M, A 720/A 720M, A 721/A 721M, A 773/A 773M, A 804/A 804M, A 889/A 889M, A 937/A 937M, A 971, and Practice A 664.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 13, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2004
ICS
77.140.50 - Flat steel products and semi-products
Technical Committee
A06 - Magnetic Properties
Drafting Committee
A06.02 - Material Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A345-98 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Replaced By
ASTM A345-09 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications
Effective Date
01-Nov-2009
Referred By
ASTM A876-17e1 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented, Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004
Referred By
ASTM A976-18 - Standard Classification of Insulating Coatings for Electrical Steels by Composition, Relative Insulating Ability and Application
Effective Date
01-Nov-2004

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ASTM A345-04 - Standard Specification for Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A345 – 04
Standard Specification for
1
Flat-Rolled Electrical Steels for Magnetic Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A345; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A341/A341M Test Method for Direct Current Magnetic
Properties of Materials Using D-C Permeameters and the
1.1 This specification covers general procedures for speci-
Ballistic Test Methods
fying requirements in the procurement and delivery of flat-
A343/A343M Test Method for Alternating-Current Mag-
rolled electrical steels for magnetic applications. When an
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
applicable individual specification does not exist, this specifi-
Wattmeter-Ammeter-VoltmeterMethodand25-cmEpstein
cation enables the user to order a suitable material to be
Test Frame
supplied under controlled conditions with respect to magnetic
A348/A348M Test Method for Alternating Current Mag-
quality, sampling, testing, packaging, and so forth, by specify-
netic Properties of Materials Using the Wattmeter-
ing certain requirements on the purchase order and citing this
Ammeter-Voltmeter Method, 100 to 10 000 Hz and 25-cm
specification.
Epstein Frame
1.2 Individual specifications that are in conformity with this
A596/A596M Test Method for Direct-Current Magnetic
specification are Specifications A677, A683/A683M, A726,
Properties of Materials Using the Ballistic Method and
A840, and A876.
Ring Specimens
NOTE 1—For more information on procedures associated with this
A664 Practice for Identification of Standard Electrical Steel
specification, refer to the following: Test Methods A341/A341M, A343/
Grades in ASTM Specifications
A343M, A348/A348M, A596/A596M, A712, A719/A719M, A720/
A677 Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully
A720M, A721/A721M, A773/A773M, A804/A804M, A889/A889M,
Processed Types
A937/A937M, A971, and Practice A664.
A683/A683M Specification for Nonoriented Electrical
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
Steel, Semiprocessed Types
test methods portion, Section 13, of this specification. This
A700 PracticesforPackaging,Marking,andLoadingMeth-
standarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,
ods for Steel Products for Shipment
ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuser
A712 Test Method for Electrical Resistivity of Soft Mag-
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
netic Alloys
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
A717/A717M Test Method for Surface Insulation Resistiv-
tions prior to use.
ity of Single-Strip Specimens
A719/A719M Test Method for Lamination Factor of Mag-
2. Referenced Documents
netic Materials
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A720/A720M Test Method for Ductility of Nonoriented
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing
Electrical Steel
of Magnetic Materials
A721/A721M Test Method for Ductility of Oriented Elec-
A340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
trical Steel
Magnetic Testing
A726 Specification for Cold-Rolled Magnetic Lamination
Quality Steel, Semiprocessed Types
A773/A773M Test Method for dc Magnetic Properties of
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
Materials Using Ring and Permeameter Procedures with
Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on
dc Electronic Hysteresigraphs
Materials Specifications.
A804/A804M Test Methods for Alternating-Current Mag-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
approved in 1949 to replace A310. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as
A345 – 98. DOI: 10.1520/A0345-04.
Sheet-Type Test Specimens
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
A840 Specification for Fully Processed Magnetic Lamina-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tion Steel
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. A876 Specification for Flat-Rolled, Grain-Oriented,
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A345 – 04
Silicon-Iron, Electrical Steel, Fully Processed Types 5.3 When changes in the manufacture of successive ship-
A889/A889M Test Method for Alternating-Current Mag- ments of material because of changing technology are believed
netic Properties of Materials at Low Magnetic Flux Den-
to increase the likelihood of adverse e
...

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4.2 This test is applicable to grain-oriented silicon steel such as covered in Specification A876 in commercial thicknesses and widths up to 36 in. [910 mm].
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1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which flat-rolled thin-gauge nonoriented fully processed electrical steel shall conform. Nominal thicknesses included in this specification are 0.10 mm (0.004 in.) to 0.30 mm (0.012 in.).  
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This specification covers wrought iron-silicon (Fe-Si) relay steels that are generally used in the manufacture of electromechanical devices, such as relays and solenoids, requiring higher electrical resistivity, higher permeability, and lower coercivity and residual magnetism than provided by either carbon steels or soft magnetic low-carbon irons. Available forms and conditions are forging billet, hot-rolled product, cold-finished bars, strip, and wire. These steels are not the same as the flat-rolled non-oriented or grain oriented iron-silicon electrical steels covered by ASTM Specifications A 677, A 683 and A 876. The steels covered in this specification have nominal silicon contents of 1.1, 2.3 and 4.0 % Si. Both the 1.1 and 2.3 % Si types are also available in an enhanced machinability composition. Along with chemical composition, steels produced to this specification must meet a specified maximum value of coercive field strength when heat treated according to this specification. Appendices are given containing typical magnetic, physical and mechanical properties and heat treatment.
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1F  
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2  
2.3 % Si-Fe  
2F  
2.3 % Si-Fe free machining  
3  
4.0 % Si-Fe  
1.2 This specification covers steels in the form and condition required for fabrication into parts. The fabricated parts typically require a final heat treatment to obtain the desired magnetic performance. The term mill annealed as used in this specification applies to a heat treatment, typically applied by the producer, intended to improve formability. The mill anneal does not provide the optimum magnetic performance and is not intended to replace the need for the finish annealing of parts.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification concerns general procedures for specifying requirements of flat-rolled electrical steels for magnetic applications. This specification is to be used when the material in question is not covered by an ASTM material specification. The specification does not contain requirements but instead lists physical properties, ordering information and other attributes that should be considered when purchasing the material. All ASTM electrical steel specifications are in conformity to this specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers general procedures for specifying requirements in the procurement and delivery of flat-rolled electrical steels for magnetic applications. When an applicable individual specification does not exist, this specification enables the user to order a suitable material to be supplied under controlled conditions with respect to magnetic quality, sampling, testing, packaging, and so forth, by specifying certain requirements on the purchase order and citing this specification.  
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Note 1: For more information on other standards associated with this specification, refer to the following: Test Methods A341/A341M, A343/A343M, A348/A348M, A596/A596M, A712, A717/A717M, A719/A719M, A720/A720M, A721/A721M, A773/A773M, A804/A804M, A889/A889M, A937/A937M, A971/A971M, and Practice A664.  
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This specification covers the detailed requirements for specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed low-carbon silicon-iron electrical steels, whose low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing. These steels are primarily used in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies. These steels may be acquired in any of four conditions a.) conventional grain-oriented tested at 15 kG (1.5 T), b.) conventional grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T), c.) high-permeability grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T) and d.) laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented tested at 17 kG (1.7 T). These steels can be purchased in a number of combinations of material form and surface type or treatment. This specification explains in detail, the available forms, thicknesses and magnetic performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which the specified grades of flat-rolled, grain-oriented, fully processed electrical steels shall conform. These steels are used primarily in transformer cores operating at moderate to high magnetic flux densities at commercial power frequencies (50 and 60 Hz).  
1.2 These grain-oriented electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon-iron alloys with a silicon content of approximately 3.2 % in which low core loss and high permeability in the direction of rolling have been achieved by appropriate metallurgical processing.  
1.3 The electrical-steel grades described in this specification include (1) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.5 T (15 kG) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, (2) conventional grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.7 T (17 kG) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, (3) high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.7 T (17 kG) in accordance with Test Method A343/A343M, and (4) laser-scribed high-permeability grain-oriented electrical steel tested at 1.7 T (17 kG) in accordance with Test Methods A804/A804M.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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Standard Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semiprocessed Types

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for flat-rolled, nonoriented semiprocessed electrical steel intended primarily for commercial power frequency applications in magnetic devices. These electrical steels are low carbon, silicon-iron, or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys, and are classified according to core-loss. Unlike the fully processed electrical steels covered by ASTM A 677, the electrical steels in this specification require heat treatment by the user to develop the specified magnetic properties. The steels covered by this specification have a thickness of either 0.0185 in. (0.47 mm) or 0.025 in. (0.64 mm). For each thickness there are four core loss types. The core loss shall be determined following the use of a quality evaluation anneal listed in the specification. The core loss is determined using the Epstein test method at a test frequency of 60 Hz and a maximum flux density of 15 kG (1.5 T). Test methods to determine other required physical and mechanical properties are listed. Other typical magnetic and physical properties are listed for reference.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which flat-rolled, nonoriented semiprocessed electrical steel shall conform.  
1.2 This steel is produced to specified maximum core-loss values and is intended primarily for commercial power frequency (50 and 60 Hz) applications in magnetic devices. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed through heat treatment by the user.  
1.3 These nonoriented, semiprocessed electrical steels are low carbon, silicon-iron or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys containing up to about 2.5 % silicon and less than 1 % aluminum.  
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ASTM A677-16(Specification)
Standard Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel Fully Processed Types

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for flat-rolled nonoriented fully processed electrical steel intended primarily for commercial power frequency applications in magnetic devices. These electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon iron, or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys that may be made by basic-oxygen, electric-furnace, or other steelmaking practice. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed during mill processing, so additional heat treatment is usually not required. The grades contained in this specification have thicknesses of 0.014 in. (0. 36 mm), 0.0185 in. (0.47 mm) and 0.0250 in. (0.64 mm). For a given thickness there are from 7 to 9 types based on the maximum value of core loss measured at 60 Hz and 15 kG (1.5 T) using the Epstein test method. Test methods to determine the required magnetic and mechanical properties are specified. Other typical magnetic and physical properties are listed for reference.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which flat-rolled nonoriented fully processed electrical steel shall conform.  
1.2 This steel is produced to specified maximum core-loss values and is intended primarily for commercial power frequency (50 and 60 Hz) applications in magnetic devices. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed during mill processing, so additional heat treatment by the user is usually not necessary.  
1.3 These nonoriented fully processed electrical steels are low-carbon, silicon-iron, or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys containing up to about 3.5 % silicon and a small amount of aluminum.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

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ASTM A414/A414M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, and High-Strength, Low-Alloy for Pressure Vessels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot-rolled carbon steel sheet for pressure vessels involving fusion welding or brazing. Tensile and yield strengths shall be determined after a tension test of the sheets. The material shall be furnished without removing the hot-rolled oxide or scale. When required, the material may be specified to be pickled or blast cleaned. When specified to be pickled or blast cleaned, the material shall be furnished oiled. When required, pickled or blast-cleaned material may be specified to be furnished dry.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot-rolled carbon steel sheet for pressure vessels involving fusion welding or brazing. Welding and brazing technique is of fundamental importance and shall be in accordance with commercial practices.  
1.2 The following grades are included in this specification:    
Mechanical Requirements  
Yield Strength, min  
Tensile Strength, min  
Grade  
ksi  
MPa  
ksi  
MPa  
A  
25  
170  
45  
310  
B  
30  
205  
50  
345  
C  
33  
230  
55  
380  
D  
35  
240  
60  
415  
E  
38  
260  
65  
450  
F  
42  
290  
70  
485  
G  
45  
310  
75  
515  
H  
45  
310  
75  
515  
1.3 Hot-rolled carbon steel sheet is generally furnished in cut lengths and to decimal thickness only. Coils may be furnished, provided tension test specimens are taken to represent the middle of the slab as required by 6.1.3. The purchaser should recognize this may require cutting the coils to obtain test samples and results in half-size coils. The sheet is furnished to the following size limits:    
Width, in. [mm]    
Thickness, in. [mm]  
Over 12 [Over 300]    
0.270 to 0.230 [7.0 to 6.0]  
sheet (coils only)  
Under 0.230 to 0.057 [6.0 to 1.5]  
sheet  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.5 Tolerances are found in General Requirements Specifications A568/A568M and A635/A635M. The appropriate General Requirements specification is applied based on the thickness and width of the product ordered.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
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  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off