ASTM F2474-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Heat Gain to Space Performance of Commercial Kitchen Ventilation/Appliance Systems
Standard Test Method for Heat Gain to Space Performance of Commercial Kitchen Ventilation/Appliance Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Heat Gain to Space—This test method determines the heat gain to the space from a hood/appliance system.
Note 2: To maintain a constant temperature in the conditioned space, this heat gain must be matched by space cooling. The space sensible cooling load, in tons, then equals the heat gain in Btu/h divided by the conversion factor of 12 000 Btu/h (3.412 W) per ton of cooling. Appliance heat gain data can be used for sizing air conditioning systems. Details of load calculation procedures can be found in ASHRAE, see Ref (1) and Ref (2)5. The calculation of associated cooling loads from heat gains to the test space at various flow rates can be used along with other information by heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC), and exhaust system designers to achieve energy-conservative, integrated kitchen ventilation system designs.
5.2 Parametric Studies:
5.2.1 This test method also can be used to conduct parametric studies of alternative configurations of hoods, appliances, and replacement air systems. In general, these studies are conducted by holding constant all configuration and operational variables except the variable of interest. This test method, therefore, can be used to evaluate the following:
5.2.1.1 The overall system performance with various appliances, while holding the hood and replacement air system characteristics constant.
5.2.2 Entire hoods or characteristics of a single hood, such as end panels, can be varied with appliances and replacement air constant.
5.2.3 Replacement air characteristics, such as makeup air location, direction, and volume, can be varied with constant appliance and hood variables.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of appliance heat gain to space derived from the measurement and calculation of appliance energy consumption, energy exhausted, and energy to food, based on a system energy balance, parametric evaluation of operational or design variations in appliances, hoods, or replacement air configurations.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: F2474 − 17 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Heat Gain to Space Performance of Commercial Kitchen
1
Ventilation/Appliance Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2474; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air-
Conditioning, and Refrigeration
1.1 This test method covers the determination of appliance
4
2.3 ANSI Standards:
heat gain to space derived from the measurement and calcula-
ANSI/ASHRAE 51 and ANSI/AMCA 210 Laboratory
tion of appliance energy consumption, energy exhausted, and
Method of Testing Fans for Rating
energy to food, based on a system energy balance, parametric
evaluation of operational or design variations in appliances,
NOTE 1—The replacement air and exhaust system terms and their
hoods, or replacement air configurations.
definitions are consistent with terminology used by theAmerican Society
5
of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers. Where there
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
are references to cooking appliances, an attempt has been made to be
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
consistent with terminology used in the test methods for commercial
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
cooking appliances. For each energy rate defined as follows, there is a
and are not considered standard. correspondingenergyconsumptionthatisequaltotheaverageenergyrate
multiplied by elapsed time. Electric energy and rates are expressed in W,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
kW, and kWh. Gas energy consumption quantities and rates are expressed
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in Btu, kBtu, and kBtu/h. Energy rates for natural gas-fueled appliances
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
are based on the higher heating value of natural gas.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Terminology
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.1 energy rate, n—average rate at which an appliance
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
consumes energy during a specified condition (for example,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
idle or cooking).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.2 appliance/hood energy balance, n—mathematical ex-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
pression of appliance, exhaust system, and food energy rela-
2. Referenced Documents tionship.
2
[actual appliance energy consumption]
2.1 ASTM Standards:
= [heat gain to space from appliance(s)] + [energy exhausted] + [energy-to-
F1704Test Method for Capture and Containment Perfor-
food, if any]
mance of Commercial Kitchen Exhaust Ventilation Sys-
3.1.3 cold start, n—condition in which appliances are ener-
tems
gized with all components being at nominal room temperature.
3
2.2 ASHRAE Standard:
3.1.4 cooking energy consumption rate, n—average rate of
ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA96)Engineering Analysis
energy consumed by the appliance(s) during cooking specified
of Experimental Data
in appliance test methods.
1 3.1.4.1 Discussion—In this test method, this rate is mea-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food
suredforheavy-loadcookinginaccordancewiththeapplicable
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.07 on
Commercial Kitchen Ventilation.
test method.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2017.PublishedJuly2017.Originallyapproved
3.1.5 exhaust energy rate, n—average rate at which energy
in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F2474–14. DOI: 10.1520/
F2474-17.
is removed from the test system.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4
the ASTM website. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
3
Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air- 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
5
Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end
30329 of these test methods.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2474 − 14 F2474 − 17 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Heat Gain to Space Performance of Commercial Kitchen
1
Ventilation/Appliance Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2474; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of appliance heat gain to space derived from the measurement and calculation
of appliance energy consumption, energy exhausted, and energy to food, based on a system energy balance, parametric evaluation
of operational or design variations in appliances, hoods, or replacement air configurations.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1704 Test Method for Capture and Containment Performance of Commercial Kitchen Exhaust Ventilation Systems
3
2.2 ASHRAE Standard:
ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA96) Engineering Analysis of Experimental Data
ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration
4
2.3 ANSI Standards:
ANSI/ASHRAE 51 and ANSI/AMCA 210 Laboratory Method of Testing Fans for Rating
NOTE 1—The replacement air and exhaust system terms and their definitions are consistent with terminology used by the American Society of Heating,
5
Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers. Where there are references to cooking appliances, an attempt has been made to be consistent with
terminology used in the test methods for commercial cooking appliances. For each energy rate defined as follows, there is a corresponding energy
consumption that is equal to the average energy rate multiplied by elapsed time. Electric energy and rates are expressed in W, kW, and kWh. Gas energy
consumption quantities and rates are expressed in Btu, kBtu, and kBtu/h. Energy rates for natural gas-fueled appliances are based on the higher heating
value of natural gas.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 energy rate, n—average rate at which an appliance consumes energy during a specified condition (for example, idle or
cooking).
3.1.2 appliance/hood energy balance, n—mathematical expression of appliance, exhaust system, and food energy relationship.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F26 on Food Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.07 on Commercial
Kitchen Ventilation.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014June 1, 2017. Published December 2014July 2017. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
F2474 – 09.F2474 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/F2474-14.10.1520/F2474-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (ASHRAE), 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
5
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of these test methods.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F2474 − 17
[actual appliance energy consumption]
= [heat gain to space from appliance(s)] + [energy exhausted] + [energy-to-
food, if any]
...
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