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ASTM C921-10

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation

Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation

ABSTRACT
This practice establishes the standard procedures for determining the material and physical properties for jacketing materials applied over thermal insulation on piping and equipment, including materials applied solely for physical protection, and materials applied as vapor retarders. This practice does not cover field applied mastics or barrier coatings and their attendant reinforcements, nor does it cover jackets for buried insulation systems. Jackets covered here are grouped into two types, each of which are subdivided further into grades and classes. Properties to which the jackets should conform to are permeance, tensile strength, puncture resistance, surface burning characteristics, flame resistance permeance, dimensional stability, fungi resistance, elevated temperature and humidity resistance, and thermal integrity.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers jackets applied over thermal insulation on piping and equipment, including materials applied solely for physical protection, and materials applied as vapor retarders.
1.2 This practice provides material and physical requirements, or both, for jackets. Guidance in selecting the proper jacket for a given application can be found in Guide C1423.
1.3 This practice does not cover field applied mastics or barrier coatings and their attendant reinforcements, nor does it cover jackets for buried insulation systems.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2010
ICS
27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.33 - Insulation Finishes and Moisture
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C921-09 - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C612-14(2019) - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C553-13(2019) - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Commercial and Industrial Applications
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C1423-21 - Standard Guide for Selecting Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C592-22a - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C547-22a - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Pipe Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C1393-19 - Standard Specification for Perpendicularly Oriented Mineral Fiber Roll and Sheet Thermal Insulation for Pipes and Tanks
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C1126-19 - Standard Specification for Faced or Unfaced Rigid Cellular Phenolic Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2010
Referred By
ASTM C755-20 - Standard Practice for Selection of Water Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2010

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ASTM C921-10 - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
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REDLINE ASTM C921-10 - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal InsulationREDLINE ASTM C921-10 - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
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REDLINE ASTM C921-10 - Standard Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C921 − 10
StandardPractice for
Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for
1
Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed)
by the Hot-Dip Process
1.1 This practice covers jackets applied over thermal insu-
A792/A792M Specification for Steel Sheet, 55 %
lation on piping and equipment, including materials applied
Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process
solely for physical protection, and materials applied as vapor
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
retarders.
Sheet and Plate
1.2 This practice provides material and physical
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
requirements, or both, for jackets. Guidance in selecting the
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
proper jacket for a given application can be found in Guide
Insulation Lots
C1423.
C921 Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing
1.3 This practice does not cover field applied mastics or
Materials for Thermal Insulation
barrier coatings and their attendant reinforcements, nor does it
C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity
cover jackets for buried insulation systems.
Resistance of Vapor Retarders for Insulation
C1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible Water
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Vapor Retarders
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Insulation Materials and Facings
and are not considered standard.
C1423 Guide for Selecting Jacketing Materials for Thermal
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Insulation
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D774/D774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3
(Withdrawn 2010)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
PaperboardUsingConstant-Rate-of-ElongationApparatus
3
(Withdrawn 2009)
2. Referenced Documents
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Sheeting
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
Vessels and for General Applications
Temperature
A336/A336M Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
Building Materials
A653/A653M Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
Materials
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal
2.2 TAPPI Standards:
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on Insulation
4
T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard
Finishes and Moisture.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally
approved in 1979. Last previous approved in 2009 as C921–09. DOI: 10.1520/
C0921-10.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.astm.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from TechnicalAssociation of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI),
the ASTM website. 15 Technology Parkway South, Norcross, GA 30092, http://www.tappi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C921 − 10
3. Terminology those cases where high abuse resistance is required, it is
applied to the insulation prior to installation of a protective
3.1 Definitions—Definitions in Terminology C168 apply to
jacket.
terms used in this practice, including the word jacket, which is
defined as "a form of facing applied over insulation".In 5.4 The non vapor-retarding Type II flexible jacket (Grades
commonuse,thetermsjacketandjacketingshallbeconsidered
1 and 2, class D) is used by itself in above ambient service
interchan
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C921–09 Designation:C921–10
Standard Practice for
Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for
1
Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers jackets applied over thermal insulation on piping and equipment, including materials applied solely for
physical protection, and materials applied as vapor retarders.
1.2 This practice provides material and physical requirements, or both, for jackets. Guidance in selecting the proper jacket for
a given application can be found in Guide C1423.
1.3 This practice does not cover field applied mastics or barrier coatings and their attendant reinforcements, nor does it cover
jackets for buried insulation systems.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels
and for General Applications
A336/A336M Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts
A653/A653M Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the
Hot-Dip Process
A792/A792M Specification for Steel Sheet, 55 % Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
C921 Practice for Determining the Properties of Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
C1258 Test Method for Elevated Temperature and Humidity Resistance of Vapor Retarders for Insulation
C1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible Water Vapor Retarders
C1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance of Insulation Materials and Facings
C1423 Guide for Selecting Jacketing Materials for Thermal Insulation
D774/D774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper
D828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper and Paperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation Apparatus
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials
2.2 TAPPI Standards:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on Insulation Finishes
and Moisture.
Current edition approvedAprilMay 1, 2009.2010. PublishedApril 2009.June 2010. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous approved in 20032009 as C921–03a. DOI:
10.1520/C0921-09.–09. DOI: 10.1520/C0921-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C921–10
3
T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions in Terminology C168 apply to terms used in this practice, including the word jacket, which is
defined as 9a form of facing applied over insulation9. In common use, the terms jacket and jacketing shall be considered
interchangeable.
4. Classification
4.1 Type I—Semi-rigid, for physical abuse resistance, physical support, and finish.
4.1.1 Grade 1: Aluminum sheet metal,
4.1.2 Grade 2: Stainless steel sheet
...

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ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general requirements for faced thermal insulation boards composed of rigid cellular polyisocyanurate surfaced with other materials. This standard is intended to apply to rigid cellular polyurethane-modified polyisocyanurate thermal insulation board products that are commercially acceptable as nonstructural panels useful in building construction. The materials are classified as follows: Types I, II, III, IV, and V. Under Type I are Classes 1 and 2. Under Type II are Classes 1, 2, and 3. Under Type II Class 1 are Grades 1, 2, and 3. Rigid polyisocyanurate thermal insulation boards shall be based upon the reaction of an isocyanate with a polyol, or the reaction of an isocyanate with itself, or both, using a catalyst and blowing agents to form a rigid closed-cell-structured polyisocyanurate foam. The insulation foam core shall be homogeneous and of uniform density. The following test methods shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements: conditioning; thermal resistance; compressive strength; dimensional stability; flexural strength; tensile strength perpendicular to board surface; water absorption; and water vapor transmission.
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These test methods cover procedures for sampling and testing mastics and coatings for use as weather and vapour barrier finishes on thermal insulations and for other accessory use. Take the samples for laboratory examination from the original containers immediately after stirring to a uniform condition. Determine the number of containers sampled as required representing a shipment. Open the original containers and examine them for uniformity of contents. The procedures for determining the stability of coatings under freezing are presented in details. The paper covers the determination of the volume of volatile matter and the coverage per unit of dry film thickness of mastics and coatings. Application of the material to the test panels shall meet the requirements prescribed, or to the thickness and by the method to be followed in practice, such as spray, brush, or trowel. Test the coated panel prepared in accordance with the required method at 15-min intervals to determine the time required to set-to-touch, and at 30-min intervals to determine the time to reach practical hardness.
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Standard Test Method for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Finishes for Thermal Insulation

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Standard Specification for Prefabricated Reflective Insulation Systems for Equipment and Pipe Operating at Temperatures above Ambient Air

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating at temperatures above ambient in air proposed for use in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants. The insulation unit is a rigid, self-contained, prefabricated metal construction made of an inner and outer casing arranged to form a rigid assembly with separated air spaces between the inner and outer casing and the individual reflective liners. The reflective insulation described herein is limited to systems of insulating units, designed to fit the equipment or piping to be insulated. The units shall be manufactured from metals that are in accordance with the thermal, physical, and chemical requirements not only of the insulation as unit, but also as an assembly of units forming the insulation system.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for all metal prefabricated, reflective insulation systems for equipment and piping operating in air at temperatures above ambient. Typical applications are in nuclear power-generating plants and industrial plants.  
1.2 Reflective insulation is thermal insulation that reduces radiant heat transfer across spaces by the use of surfaces of high reflectance and low emittance.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C592-22a(Specification)
Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Blanket Insulation and Blanket-Type Pipe Insulation (Metal-Mesh Covered) (Industrial Type)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral fiber blanket insulation and blanket-type pipe insulation (metal-mesh covered) (industrial type). Mineral fiber metal-mesh covered blanket shall be composed of rock, slag, or glass processed from the molten state into fibrous form, bonded with or without an organic binder, and secured with metallic supporting facing(s). Types of facings for one or both sides of blanket units shall be specified. When both sides are to be faced, units are permitted to have the same or different types on the two sides. Each piece of metal-mesh covered insulation shall be coherent to permit handling/transportation and installation as a unit. A detectable odor of objectionable nature recorded by more than two of the five panel members shall constitute rejection of the material. When tested and evaluated, the corrosion resulting from the unfaced insulation blanket in contact with metal plates shall be judged to be no greater than comparative plates in contact with sterile cotton. The averaged maximum shot content of mineral fiber rock or slag type products shall not exceed 30 % by weight. When tested, the blanket insulation shall not warp, flame, or glow during hot surface exposure. When tested, the blanket mid-point temperature shall not at any time exceed the hot surface temperature by more than 100°F (55.5°C). When tested, the blanket insulation shall not exceed the recorded temperature rise more than 54°F (30°C) with no flaming and weight loss exceeding 5 %.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the composition, dimensions, and physical properties of mineral fiber (rock, slag, or glass) metal mesh covered and industrial type blanket and blanket-type pipe insulation (typically on 24 in. (610 mm) diameters or larger)). Its use is for cooled surfaces at temperatures operating below ambient to 0°F (−18°C) and on heated surfaces on expansion joints to large diameter vessels and tanks operating at temperatures up to 1200°F (649°C). Specific applications outside the actual use temperatures shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and purchaser.  
1.2 For satisfactory performance, properly installed protective vapor retarders or barriers shall be used on below ambient temperature applications to reduce movement of moisture/water vapor through or around the insulation towards the colder surface. Failure to use a vapor retarder can lead to insulation and system damage. Refer to Practice C921 to aid material selection. Although vapor retarder properties are not part of this specification, properties required in Specification C1136 are pertinent to applications or performance.  
1.3 The orientation of the fibers within the blanket is primarily parallel to the heated surface. This specification does not cover fabricated pipe and tank wrap insulation where the insulation has been cut and fabricated to provide fiber orientation that is perpendicular to the heated surface.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to provide the performance requirements of hourly-rated fire systems. Consult the manufacturer for the appropriate system.  
1.5 See Supplementary Requirements for modifications to sections in this standard only when specified by purchaser in the contract or order from the U.S. Military specifications utilized by the U.S. Department of Defense, Department of the Navy, and the Naval Systems Command.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internatio...

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ASTM
ASTM C585-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this practice is to ensure satisfactory fit on standard sizes, to accommodate radial expansion of pipes and tubes which are heated after being insulated, and to minimize the number of insulation sizes and thicknesses to be manufactured and stocked.  
4.2 While it is possible to manufacturer insulation to these recommended dimensions, exercise care in attempting to nest layers of different materials, or layers supplied by different manufacturers. Individual manufacturing processes will operate at slightly different tolerances. While the product will fit the pipe, it is possible that it will not readily nest as the outer layer between the different materials, or with a different manufacturer, and possibly the same manufacturer. Exercise care to determine these differences before specifying or ordering nesting sizes.  
4.3 The wide range of outer diameter dimensional tolerances will prevent many pipe and tube insulations from nesting for staggered joints or double layered applications, or both unless specified when ordered from the manufacturer, distributor, or fabricator.  
4.4 Dimensions in accordance with this practice do not necessarily permit application of one thickness of pipe insulation over another (Nesting or Simplified Dimensional System) to obtain total thicknesses greater than those manufactured as single layer, or for multilayer application when desired.  
FIG. 3 Hinged Section Measurement Location
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended as a dimensional standard for preformed thermal insulation for pipes and tubing.  
1.2 This practice covers insulation supplied in cylindrical sections and lists recommended single layer inner and outer diameters of insulation having nominal wall thicknesses from 1/2 to 5 in. (13 to 127 mm) to fit over standard sizes of pipe and tubing.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in SI units are provided for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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