ASTM D2979-00
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Pressure-Sensitive Tack of Adhesives Using an Inverted Probe Machine
Standard Test Method for Pressure-Sensitive Tack of Adhesives Using an Inverted Probe Machine
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the pressure-sensitive tack of adhesives. This test method is applicable to those adhesives which form a bond of measurable strength rapidly upon contact with another surface and which can be removed from that surface cleanly, that is, without leaving a residue visible to the eye. For such adhesives, tack may be measured as the force required to separate an adhesive and the adherend at the interface shortly after they have been brought into contact under a defined load of known duration at a specified temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 2979 – 00
Standard Test Method for
Pressure-Sensitive Tack of Adhesives Using an Inverted
Probe Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2979; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 5. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the pressure- 5.1 This test method provides a quantitative measure of the
sensitive tack of adhesives. This test method is applicable to pressure-sensitive tack of the adhesive.
those adhesives which form a bond of measurable strength 5.2 The method is designed for the adhesive mass itself and
rapidly upon contact with another surface and which can be is suitable for measuring the tack of pressure-sensitive adhe-
removed from that surface cleanly, that is, without leaving a sives for use on both rigid and flexible backings.
residue visible to the eye. For such adhesives, tack may be 5.3 This test method is suitable for quality control and
measured as the force required to separate an adhesive and the research purposes.
adherend at the interface shortly after they have been brought
6. Apparatus
into contact under a defined load of known duration at a
6.1 Probe—A Type 304 stainless steel rod, 5.0 mm (0.197
specified temperature.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the in.) in diameter, machined at one end of 90° to the longitudinal
axis. The tip is finished to a surface roughness of not more than
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 500 or less than 250 nm (20 to 10 μin.) rms as measured by a
surface-measuring device.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NOTE 1—When the adhesive is supported on flexible backings, or is
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
greater than 0.25 mm (0.010 in.) thick, a probe with a spherical crown of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
0.05 mm (0.002 in.) high, and with a 62.5-mm (2.5-in.) radius may be
used.
2. Referenced Documents
6.2 Pressure-Loading Weight—An annular ring whose in-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
side diameter is slightly larger than the probe diameter. The
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
ring weight is such that the pressure applied to the sample is
E 171 Specification for Standard Atmospheres for Condi-
9.79 6 0.10 kPa (1.42 psi).
tioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Materials
NOTE 2—Contact pressures of 0.98, 1.96, or 4.90 kPa (0.14, 0.28 or
3. Terminology 0.71 psi) may be obtained by employing annuli of different weight. These
lower pressures as well as ones of 98 kPa (14.2 psi) or higher can be used
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this test method are defined
to show the effect of pressure directly when tack is pressure-dependent.
in Terminology D 907.
6.3 Force Gage—A spring device with an indicator that
4. Summary of Test Method
retains the maximum force reading until reset manually. The
spring characteristics is such that between 8.9 and 22.2 N (2
4.1 This test method involves bringing the tip of a cleaned
and 5 lb) are required to extend it the permissible 2.5 mm (0.10
probe of defined surface roughness into contact with the
in.). Mount the probe directly on the force gage.
adhesive at a controlled rate, under a fixed pressure, for a short
time, at a given temperature; and subsequently breaking the
NOTE 3—Other force-measuring devices such as strain gage load cells,
bond formed between the probe and adhesive, also at a
or devices with different force-deflection characteristics may be used in
controlled rate. Tack is measured as the maximum force certain instances. Tack values obtained with these devices will differ in
magnitude but will be related to standard values obtained with the
required in breaking the adhesive bond.
specified gage.
6.4 Testing Machine —A mechanical system for bringing
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.50 on Hot-Melt and
Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally An example of a suitable surface-measuring device is a Surfindicator manu-
published as D 2979 – 71. Last previous edition D 2979 – 95. factured by Gould, Inc., Gage and Control Div., 4601 Arden Dr., El Monte, CA.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06. An example of a suitable machine is the Polyken Probe Tack Tester available
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09. from Chemsultants International, Mentor, OH.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 2979
the adhesive into contact with the probe, automatically con-
trolling the dwell time during which the adhesive and probe are
in contact under pressure, and subsequently pulling the adhe-
sive away from the probe. The machine is capable of main-
taining a constant crosshead speed of 10 6 0.1 mm/s (24 6
0.24 in./min), sensing contact of probe with adhesive, stopping
for 1 6 0.01 s, and then reversing at the same 10 6 0.1 mm/s
(24 6 0.24 in./min) speed. The machine su
...
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