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ASTM E1486-98(2010)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria

Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides statistical and graphical information concerning floor surface profiles.  
Results of this test method are for the purpose of:
Establishing compliance of random or fixed-path trafficked floor surfaces with specified tolerances,  
Evaluating the effect of different construction methods on the waviness of the resulting floor surface,  
Investigating the curling and deflection of concrete floor surfaces,  
Establishing, evaluating, and investigating the profile characteristics of other surfaces, and  
Establishing, evaluating, and investigating the levelness characteristics of surfaces.  
Application:
Random Traffic—When the traffic patterns across a floor are not fixed, two sets of survey lines, approximately equally spaced and at right angles to each other, shall be used. The survey lines shall be spaced across the test section to produce lines of approximately equal total length, both parallel to and perpendicular to the longest test section boundary. Limits are specified in 7.2.2 and 7.3.2.  
Defined Wheel Path Traffic—For surfaces primarily intended for defined wheel path traffic, only two wheel paths and the initial transverse elevation difference (“side-to-side”) between wheels shall be surveyed.  
Time of Measurement—For new concrete floor construction, the elevation measurements shall be made within 72 h of final concrete finishing. For existing structures, measurements shall be taken as appropriate.  
Elevation Conformance—Use is restricted to shored, suspended surfaces.  
RMS Levelness—Use is unrestricted, except that it is excluded from use with cambered surfaces and unshored, elevated surfaces.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers data collection and analysis procedures to determine surface flatness and levelness by calculating waviness indices for survey lines and surfaces, elevation differences of defined wheel paths, and levelness indices using the inch-pound system of units.  
Note 1—This test method is the companion to SI Test Method E1486M; therefore, no SI equivalents are shown in this test method.
Note 2—This test method was not developed for, and does not apply to, clay or concrete paver units.  
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide the user with floor tolerance estimates as follows:  
1.1.1.1 Local survey line waviness and overall surface waviness indices for floors based on deviations from the midpoints of imaginary chords as they are moved along a floor elevation profile survey line. End points of the chords are always in contact with the surface. The imaginary chords cut through any points in the concrete surface higher than the chords.  
1.1.1.2 Defined wheel path criteria based on transverse and longitudinal elevation differences, change in elevation difference, and root mean square (RMS) elevation difference.  
1.1.1.3 Levelness criteria for surfaces characterized by either of the following methods: the conformance of elevation data to the test section elevation data mean or the conformance of the RMS slope of each survey line to a specified slope for each survey line.  
1.1.2 The averages used throughout these calculations are RMS (that is, the quadratic means). This test method gives equal importance to humps and dips, measured up (+) and down (−), respectively, from the imaginary chords.  
1.1.3 Appendix X1 is a commentary on this test method. Appendix X2 provides a computer program for waviness index calculations based on this test method.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2010
ICS
91.060.30 - Ceilings. Floors. Stairs
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.21 - Serviceability
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1486-98(2004) - Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM F710-22 - Standard Practice for Preparing Concrete Floors to Receive Resilient Flooring
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010
Referred By
ASTM E1486M-14(2022) - Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria (Metric)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2010

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ASTM E1486-98(2010) - Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness CriteriaASTM E1486-98(2010) - Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria
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ASTM E1486-98(2010) - Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1486 − 98(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path
1
and Levelness Criteria
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1486; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This test method covers data collection and analysis
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
procedures to determine surface flatness and levelness by
calculating waviness indices for survey lines and surfaces,
2. Referenced Document
elevation differences of defined wheel paths, and levelness
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
indices using the inch-pound system of units.
E1486MTest Method for Determining Floor Tolerances
NOTE 1—This test method is the companion to SI Test Method
UsingWaviness,WheelPathandLevelnessCriteria(Met-
E1486M; therefore, no SI equivalents are shown in this test method.
ric)
NOTE2—Thistestmethodwasnotdevelopedfor,anddoesnotapplyto,
clay or concrete paver units.
3. Terminology
1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide the user
with floor tolerance estimates as follows: 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1.1.1 Local survey line waviness and overall surface 3.1.1 defined wheel path traffıc—traffic on surfaces, or
waviness indices for floors based on deviations from the specifically identifiable portions thereof, intended for defined
midpoints of imaginary chords as they are moved along a floor linear traffic by vehicles with two primary axles and four
elevation profile survey line. End points of the chords are primary load wheel contact points on the floor and with
always in contact with the surface. The imaginary chords cut corresponding front and rear primary wheels in approximately
through any points in the concrete surface higher than the the same wheel paths.
chords.
3.1.2 levelness—describedintwoways:theconformanceof
1.1.1.2 Defined wheel path criteria based on transverse and
surface elevation data to the mean elevation of a test section
longitudinal elevation differences, change in elevation
(elevation conformance), and as the conformance of survey
difference, and root mean square (RMS) elevation difference.
line slope to a specified slope (RMS levelness).
1.1.1.3 Levelness criteria for surfaces characterized by ei-
3.1.2.1 elevation conformance—the percentage of surface
ther of the following methods: the conformance of elevation
elevation data, h, that lie within the tolerance specified from
i
datatothetestsectionelevationdatameanortheconformance
the mean elevation of a test section. The absolute value of the
of the RMS slope of each survey line to a specified slope for
distance of all points, h, from the test section data mean is
i
each survey line.
tested against the specification, dmax. Passing values are
1.1.2 The averages used throughout these calculations are
counted, and that total is divided by the aggregate quantity of
RMS (that is, the quadratic means). This test method gives
elevation data points for the test section and percent passing is
equal importance to humps and dips, measured up (+) and
reported.
down (−), respectively, from the imaginary chords.
3.1.2.2 RMS levelness—directionally dependent calculation
1.1.3 Appendix X1 is a commentary on this test method.
of the RMS of the slopes of the least squares fit line through
AppendixX2providesacomputerprogramforwavinessindex
successive 15-ft long sections of a survey line, L. The RMS
calculations based on this test method.
LV is compared with the specified surface slope and specified
L
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
maximum deviation to determine compliance.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.3 Waviness Index Terms:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.21
2
on Serviceability. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E1486–98 (2004). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/E1486-98R10. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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Standard Test Method for Determining Floor Tolerances Using Waviness, Wheel Path and Levelness Criteria

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides statistical and graphical information concerning floor surface profiles.  
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1.1 This test method covers data collection and analysis procedures to determine surface flatness and levelness by calculating waviness indices for survey lines and surfaces, elevation differences of defined wheel paths, and levelness indices using the inch-pound system of units.
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1.1.1 The purpose of this test method is to provide the user with floor tolerance estimates as follows:
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ASTM
ASTM E196-06(2018)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Gravity Load Testing of Floors and Low Slope Roofs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended to be used by parties involved in the testing of floors and roofs of structures either in the field or the laboratory. Tests are either proof tests or tests to failure, and are applicable to all construction materials. The practice is not intended for use in routine quality control testing of individual building elements or constructions.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers static load testing of floors and low slope roofs (roofs having a slope of less than 1 in 12) under actual or simulated service conditions, and is applicable to typical elements or sections of structures fabricated for test or to actual existing building components. This practice is intended for use in determining the strength and stiffness of elements or sections of floors and roofs of buildings under gravity loads, as well as in checking the design, materials, connections, and the quality of the fabrication of such building constructions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F3441-23a(Guide)
Standard Guide for Measurement of pH Below Resilient Flooring Installations

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 There is typically a higher concentration of soluble alkali salts in the surface region of a concrete slab due to the initial bleeding process of a freshly placed concrete slab. If after a resilient floor covering material is installed there is sufficient moisture within the slab to place these salts into solution a potentially damaging high pH solution can develop beneath the installed material.  
4.2 Results obtained through the use of this guide indicate the comparative pH of reagent water placed on properly prepared concrete slab surfaces only at the time of the procedure and in the specific locations evaluated.  
4.3 If pre-installation surface pH evaluation is required by the manufacturer of the resilient flooring, adhesive, patching/underlayment products or project specifications, their instructions and limitations should be consulted.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide discusses procedures that may be used for evaluating the comparative change in pH of reagent water placed on the surface of a properly prepared concrete slab surface.  
1.2 This guide is intended to be used in conjunction with the flat surface electrode pH meter manufacturer’s calibration procedures, operation instructions, and interpretive data where available.  
1.3 This guide is intended to be used in conjunction with the pH paper manufacturer’s instructions, product shelf life, and interpretive data where available.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 9 on Hazards.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
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