ASTM D3967-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens
Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
By definition the tensile strength is obtained by the direct uniaxial tensile test. But the tensile test is difficult and expensive for routine application. The splitting tensile test appears to offer a desirable alternative, because it is much simpler and inexpensive. Furthermore, engineers involved in rock mechanics design usually deal with complicated stress fields, including various combinations of compressive and tensile stress fields. Under such conditions, the tensile strength should be obtained with the presence of compressive stresses to be representative of the field conditions. The splitting tensile strength test is one of the simplest tests in which such stress fields occur. Since it is widely used in practice, a uniform test method is needed for data to be comparable. A uniform test is also needed to ensure that the disk specimens break diametrally due to tensile pulling along the loading diameter.
Note 2—Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias contained in this test method; the precision of this test method is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing. Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of these factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers testing apparatus, specimen preparation, and testing procedures for determining the splitting tensile strength of rock by diametral line compression of a disk.
Note 1—The tensile strength of rock determined by tests other than the straight pull test is designated as the “indirect” tensile strength and, specifically, the value obtained in Section 9 of this test is termed the “splitting” tensile strength.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions and are provided for information only.
1.3 All dimension and force measurements, and stress calculations shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D3967 − 08
StandardTest Method for
1
Splitting Tensile Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
3.1 Refer to Terminology D653 for specific definitions.
1.1 This test method covers testing apparatus, specimen
preparation, and testing procedures for determining the split-
4. Significance and Use
ting tensile strength of rock by diametral line compression of a
4.1 By definition the tensile strength is obtained by the
disk.
direct uniaxial tensile test. But the tensile test is difficult and
NOTE 1—The tensile strength of rock determined by tests other than the
straight pull test is designated as the “indirect” tensile strength and, expensive for routine application. The splitting tensile test
specifically, the value obtained in Section 9 of this test is termed the
appears to offer a desirable alternative, because it is much
“splitting” tensile strength.
simpler and inexpensive. Furthermore, engineers involved in
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the rock mechanics design usually deal with complicated stress
fields, including various combinations of compressive and
standard. The values in parentheses are mathematical conver-
tensile stress fields. Under such conditions, the tensile strength
sions and are provided for information only.
shouldbeobtainedwiththepresenceofcompressivestressesto
1.3 All dimension and force measurements, and stress
be representative of the field conditions. The splitting tensile
calculations shall conform to the guidelines for significant
strength test is one of the simplest tests in which such stress
digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
fields occur. Since it is widely used in practice, a uniform test
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
method is needed for data to be comparable. A uniform test is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
alsoneededtoensurethatthediskspecimensbreakdiametrally
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
due to tensile pulling along the loading diameter.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- NOTE 2—Notwithstanding the statements on precision and bias con-
tained in this test method; the precision of this test method is dependent
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
onthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingit,andthesuitabilityofthe
equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice
2. Referenced Documents
D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective
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testing. Reliable testing depends on many factors; Practice D3740
2.1 ASTM Standards:
provides a means of evaluating some of these factors.
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
5. Apparatus
Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
5.1 Loading Device, to apply and measure axial load on the
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
specimen, of sufficient capacity to apply the load at a rate
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
conforming to the requirements in 8.3. It shall be verified at
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
suitable time intervals in accordance with Practices E4 and
Data
shall comply with the requirements prescribed therein.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
5.2 Bearing Surfaces—The testing machine shall be
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
equipped with two steel bearing blocks having a Rockwell
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
hardness of not less than 58 HRC (see Note 3).
NOTE 3—False platens, with bearing faces conforming to the require-
ments of this standard, may be used. These shall be oil hardened to more
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ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
than 58 HRC, and surface ground. With abrasive rocks these platens tend
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.
to roughen after a number of specimens have been tested, and hence need
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved
to be surfaced from time to time.
in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D3967 – 05. DOI: 10.1520/
D3967-08.
5.2.1 FlatBearingBlocks—During testing the specimen can
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
be placed in direct contact with the machine bearing plates (or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D 3967–95a Designation:D3967–08
Standard Test Method for
1
Splitting Tensile Strength of Intact Rock Core Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3967; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers testing apparatus, specimen preparation, and testing procedures for determining the splitting tensile
strength of rock by diametral line compression of a disk.
NOTE 1—Thetensilestrengthofrockdeterminedbytestsotherthanthestraightpulltestisdesignatedasthe“indirect”tensilestrengthand,specifically,
the value obtained in Section 89 of this test is termed the “splitting” tensile strength.
1.2The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.The values in parentheses are mathematical conversions and
are provided for information only.
1.3 All dimension and force measurements, and stress calculations shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and
rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
E4 Practices for LoadForce Verification of Testing Machines
E691–92691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Significance and Use
3.1By definition the tensile strength is obtained by the direct uniaxial tensile test. But the tensile test is difficult and expensive
forroutineapplication.Thesplittingtensiletestappearstoofferadesirablealternative,becauseitismuchsimplerandinexpensive.
Furthermore, engineers involved in rock mechanics design usually deal with complicated stress fields, including various
combinations of compressive and tensile stress fields. Under such conditions, the tensile strength should be obtained with the
presenceofcompressivestressestoberepresentativeofthefieldconditions.Thesplittingtensilestrengthtestisoneofthesimplest
testsinwhichsuchstressfieldsoccur.Sinceitiswidelyusedinpractice,auniformtestmethodisneededfordatatobecomparable.
Auniform test is also needed to insure positively that the disk specimens break diametrally due to tensile pulling along the loading
diameter. Terminology
3.1 Refer to Terminology D653 for specific definitions.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 By definition the tensile strength is obtained by the direct uniaxial tensile test. But the tensile test is difficult and expensive
forroutineapplication.Thesplittingtensiletestappearstoofferadesirablealternative,becauseitismuchsimplerandinexpensive.
Furthermore, engineers involved in rock mechanics design usually deal with complicated stress fields, including various
combinations of compressive and tensile stress fields. Under such conditions, the tensile strength should be obtained with the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D-18D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1995. Published April 1996. Originally published as D 3967–81. Last previous edition D 3967–95.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D3967 – 05. DOI: 10.1520/D3967-08.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards,
Vol 03.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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D3967–08
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