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ASTM D705-99(2004)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Urea-Formaldehyde Molding Compounds

Standard Specification for Urea-Formaldehyde Molding Compounds

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the testing and requirements for two types of compression-molding, thermosetting urea-formaldehyde molding compounds. Type 1 are general purpose molding compounds with alpha-cellulose fillers, while, Type 2 are general purpose molding compounds with cellulose fillers other than alpha-cellulose. The molding compounds shall be of uniform composition, and the apparent density, bulk factor, plasticity, particle size, and color shall be compounded as to conform to the requirements prescribed herein. Also, sampled test specimens shall be examined and conform correspondingly to the following physical requirements: specific gravity; flexural strength; impact resistance; water absorption; dielectric strength; and arc resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers compression molding thermosetting, urea-formaldehyde molding compounds as further defined in .
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.Note 1
The properties included in this specification are those required to identify the types of molding compounds covered. There may be other requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics. Transfer or injection molding will usually result in different physical and electrical characteristics than compression molding.
The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section , of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Note 2
ISO 2112-1977(E) is similar but not equivalent to this specification. Product classification and characterization are not the same.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2004
ICS
83.140.99 - Other rubber and plastics products
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.16 - Thermosetting Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D705-99 - Standard Specification for Urea-Formaldehyde Molding Compounds
Effective Date
01-Oct-2004

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ASTM D705-99(2004) - Standard Specification for Urea-Formaldehyde Molding CompoundsASTM D705-99(2004) - Standard Specification for Urea-Formaldehyde Molding Compounds
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ASTM D705-99(2004) - Standard Specification for Urea-Formaldehyde Molding Compounds
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D705 −99(Reapproved 2004)
Standard Specification for
Urea-Formaldehyde Molding Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D705; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-
als
1.1 This specification covers compression molding
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
thermosetting, urea-formaldehyde molding compounds as fur-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
ther defined in 3.1.
D956 Practice for Compression Molding Specimens of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Amino Molding Compounds (Withdrawn 1992)
standard.
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
2.2 ISO Standard:
NOTE1—Thepropertiesincludedinthisspecificationarethoserequired
to identify the types of molding compounds covered. There may be other
ISO 2112-1977(E) Plastics—Aminoplastic Moulding
requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics. Transfer or
Materials—Specification
injection molding will usually result in different physical and electrical
characteristics than compression molding.
3. Classification
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
3.1 The molding compounds covered by this specification
test method portion, Section 7, of this specification: This
shall be designated by types, based upon their principal
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
characteristics and the fillers used.
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
3.1.1 Type 1—A general purpose molding compound with
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
alpha-cellulose filler.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
3.1.2 Type 2—A general purpose molding compound with
tions prior to use.
cellulose filler other than alpha-cellulose.
NOTE 2—ISO 2112-1977(E) is similar but not equivalent to this
4. General Requirements
specification. Product classification and characterization are not the same.
4.1 The molding compounds shall be of uniform composi-
2. Referenced Documents
tion. The apparent density, bulk factor, plasticity, particle size,
2.1 ASTM Standards: and color shall be compounded as to conform to the require-
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and ments prescribed in this specification.
DielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
5. Detail Requirements
at Commercial Power Frequencies
D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
5.1 Test specimens molded in accordance with Practice
Impact Resistance of Plastics D956 shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
D495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry Arc
6. Sampling
Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
6.1 A batch of molding compound shall be considered as a
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
unit of manufacture as prepared for shipment and may consist
D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
of a blend of two or more production runs.
6.2 Adequate statistical sampling shall be used.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on 7. Test Methods
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.16 on Thermosetting
7.1 The properties enumerated in this specification shall be
Materials.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originally determined in accordance with the following methods:
approved in 1943. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D705 - 99. DOI:
10.1520/D0705-99R04.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM www.astm.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
...

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This specification establishes requirements for the material properties, including dimensional stability, weatherability, and extrusion quality, of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) exterior profile extrusions used for assembled windows and doors. Methods for testing and for identifying exterior profile extrusions that comply with this specification are also provided. The physical and performance requirements of PVC are presented in details. The dimensional stability and impact strength shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for the material properties, including dimensional stability, weatherability, and extrusion quality, of rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) exterior profile extrusions used for assembled windows and doors. Methods for testing and for identifying exterior profile extrusions that comply with this specification are also provided.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Heat buildup in PVC exterior building products due to absorption of the energy from the sun may lead to distortion problems. Heat buildup is affected by the color, emittance, absorptance, and reflectance of a product. Generally, the darker the color of the product, the more energy is absorbed and the greater is the heat buildup. However, even with the same apparent color, the heat buildup may vary due to the specific pigment system involved. The greatest heat buildup generally occurs in the color black containing carbon black pigment. The black control sample used in this test method contains 2.5 parts of furnace black per 100 parts of PVC suspension resin. The maximum temperature rise above ambient temperature for this black is 90°F (50°C) for a 45° or horizontal surface when the sun is perpendicular to the surface and 74°F (41°C) for a vertical surface assuming that the measurements were done on a cloudless day with no wind and heavy insulation on the back of the specimen.4  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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1.2 This specification is only applicable to individual polymeric pile products. Sheet pile and other mechanically connected polymeric pile products using inter-locking systems, are not part of this specification.  
1.3 The piling products considered herein are characterized by the use of polymers, whereby (1) the pile strength or stiffness requires the inclusion of the polymer, or (2) a minimum of fifty percent (50 %) of the weight or volume is derived from the polymer. The type classifications of polymeric piles described in Section 4 show how they can be reinforced by composite design for increased stiffness or strength.  
1.4 This specification covers polymeric piles fabricated from materials that are virgin, recycled, or both, as long as the finished product meets all of the criteria specified herein. Diverse types and combinations of inorganic filler systems are permitted in the manufacturing of polymeric piling products. Inorganic fillers include such materials as talc, mica, silica, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, etc. Pilings are often placed in service where they will be subjected to continuous damp or wet exposure conditions. Due to concerns of water sensitivity and possible affects on mechanical properties in such service conditions, organic fillers, including lignocellulosic materials such as those made or derived from wood, wood flour, flax shive, rice hulls, wheat straw, and combinations thereof, are not permitted in the manufacturing of polymeric piling products.  
1.5 The values are stated in inch-pound units as these are currently the most common units used by the construction industry.  
1.6 Polymeric piles under this specification are designed using design stresses determined in accordance with Test Methods D6108, D6109, and D6112 and procedures contained within this specification unless otherwise specified.  
1.7 Although in some instances it will be an important component of the pile design, frictional properties are currently beyond the scope of this document.  
1.8 Criteria for design are included as part of this specification for polymeric piles. Certain Types and...

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ASTM
ASTM D7486-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fines and Dust Particles on Plastic Pellets by Wet Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Molding and extruding plastic pellets require dust free, dry pellets to prevent processing problems. Plastic producers try to remove the dust and streamers with dust removal systems prior to packaging and loading. How to accurately measure dust and streamer content in plastic pellets is an important quality control issue.  
5.2 Particle size analysis is used to determine a percentage of particle size distribution from a representative sample of the whole. In terms of size analysis concerning plastic pellets, sieving is used to determine the dust content in the range of 500 to 2000 micron. Test Method D1921, Test Method B, is used to determine this type of particle sizing.  
5.3 After dry sieve analysis, particles smaller than 500 microns need to be analyzed by wet method. A fresh sample shall be used for wet analysis. This test method allows washing down the fines attached to the pellets by electrostatic forces.  
5.4 The wet analysis provides accurate quantification of small to large amounts of fines, negating static effects, and eliminating detrimental effects of mechanical agitation. A wet analysis must be employed to accurately quantify lower PPM dust levels in plastic pellets.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the amount of fine particles adhered on plastic pellets or granules in which they are commonly produced and supplied. The lower limit of this test method is restricted only by the porosity of the filter disc used to capture the particle size being quantified.  
1.2 The wet analysis technique allows for separation and collection of statically charged particles by liquid wash and filtration methods. This must be performed under standard laboratory conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4 This test method describes an essential practice to check the quality of plastics once the production cycle is terminated and to evaluate the performance of pellet cleaning systems or of the special pneumatic conveying systems for the distinct size fractions below 500 micron only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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