ASTM D2867-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Moisture in Activated Carbon
Standard Test Methods for Moisture in Activated Carbon
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The moisture content of activated carbon is often required to define and express its properties in relation to the net weight of the carbon.
4.2 The moisture content of activated carbon packed in typical shipping containers will usually increase during transportation and storage. Users of activated carbon in applications where low moisture content is important should be aware of this effect.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide two procedures for the determination of the moisture content of activated carbon.2 The procedures may also be used to dry samples required for other tests. The oven drying method is used when water is the only volatile material present and is in significant quantities, and the activated carbon is not heat sensitive (some activated carbons can ignite spontaneously at temperatures as low as 150 °C). The xylene extraction method is used when a carbon is known or suspected to be heat sensitive or to contain nonwater-miscible organic compounds instead of or in addition to water. The oven drying method described in these test methods may be used as the reference for development of instrumental techniques for moisture determination in activated carbon.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D2867 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Moisture in Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods provide two procedures for the
2
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
determination of the moisture content of activated carbon. The
ASTM Test Methods
procedures may also be used to dry samples required for other
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
tests. The oven drying method is used when water is the only
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
volatile material present and is in significant quantities, and the
activated carbon is not heat sensitive (some activated carbons
3. Summary of Test Methods
can ignite spontaneously at temperatures as low as 150 °C).
The xylene extraction method is used when a carbon is known
3.1 Oven Drying Test Method—A sample of carbon is put
or suspected to be heat sensitive or to contain nonwater-
into a dry, closed capsule (of known weight) and weighed
miscible organic compounds instead of or in addition to water.
accurately. The capsule is opened and placed with the lid in a
The oven drying method described in these test methods may
preheated oven. The sample is dried to constant weight then
be used as the reference for development of instrumental
removed from the oven and with the capsule closed, cooled to
techniques for moisture determination in activated carbon.
ambient temperature. The closed capsule is weighed again
accurately. The weight loss is expressed as a percentage of the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
weight of the original sample.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. 3.2 Xylene Extraction Test Method—A known, accurate
weight of carbon is put into a boiling flask. A known volume of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
xylene is added to the flask and the flask is then connected to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
a water trap. A hot plate is used to heat the xylene until boiling.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
The temperature is controlled to allow steady reflux. Reflux
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
continues until no further water can be collected in the trap.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
The weight of water collected is expressed as a percentage of
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
the weight of the original sample.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Significance and Use
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 The moisture content of activated carbon is often
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
required to define and express its properties in relation to the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
net weight of the carbon.
4.2 The moisture content of activated carbon packed in
1
typical shipping containers will usually increase during trans-
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on
Activated Carbon and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas portation and storage. Users of activated carbon in applications
Phase Evaluation Tests.
where low moisture content is important should be aware of
Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approved
this effect.
in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2867 – 09 (2014). DOI:
10.1520/D2867-17.
2
The moisture balance method has been used in industry when water is the only
volatile material present and is in significant quantities and when the activated
3
carbon is not heat sensitive. A precision and bias statement for the moisture balance For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
method has not been developed by ASTM. Values obtained using this technique contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
should be properly correlated to one of the documented methods described in this Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
standard. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2867 − 09 (Reapproved 2014) D2867 − 17
Standard Test Methods for
1
Moisture in Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2867; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
2
1.1 These test methods provide threetwo procedures for the determination of the moisture content of activated carbon. The
procedures may also be used to dry samples required for other tests. The oven-drying and moisture balance methods are oven
drying method is used when water is the only volatile material present and is in significant quantities, and the activated carbon is
not heat-sensitive heat sensitive (some activated carbons can ignite spontaneously at temperatures as low as 150°C).150 °C). The
xylene-extraction xylene extraction method is used when a carbon is known or suspected to be heat sensitive or to contain
nonwater-miscible organic compounds instead of or in addition to water. The oven-drying oven drying method described in these
test methods may be used as the reference for development of instrumental techniques for moisture determination in activated
carbon.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Summary of Test Methods
3.1 Oven-Drying Oven Drying Test Method—A sample of carbon is put into a dry, closed capsule (of known weight) and
weighed accurately. The capsule is opened and placed with the lid in a preheated oven. The sample is dried to constant weight then
removed from the oven and with the capsule closed, cooled to ambient temperature. The closed capsule is weighed again
accurately. The weight loss is expressed as a percentage of the weight of the original sample.
3.2 Xylene-Extraction Xylene Extraction Test Method—A known, accurate weight of carbon is put into a boiling flask. A known
volume of xylene is added to the flask and the flask is then connected to a water trap. A hot plate is used to heat the xylene until
boiling. The temperature is controlled to allow steady reflux. Reflux continues until no further water can be collected in the trap.
The weight of water collected is expressed as a percentage of the weight of the original sample.
3.3 Moisture Balance Test Method—A sample of activated carbon is placed in a moisture balance and the weight measured
accurately. The sample is dried to constant weight. The weight loss is expressed as a percentage of the weight of the original
sample.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 on Activated Carbon and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas Phase
Evaluation Tests.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014July 1, 2017. Published September 2014July 2017. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20092014 as
D2867 – 09.D2867 – 09 (2014). DOI: 10.1520/D2867-09R14.10.1520/D2867-17.
2
The moisture balance method has been used in industry when water is the only volatile material present and is in significant quantities and when the activated carbon
is not heat sensitive. A precision and bias statement for the moisture balance method has not been developed by ASTM. Values obtained using this technique should be properly
correlated to one of the documented methods described in this standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Servi
...
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