ASTM C1285-02(2008)

Standard Test Methods for Determining Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, and Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics: The Product Consistency Test (PCT)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods provide data useful for evaluating the chemical durability (see 3.1.4) of glass waste forms as measured by elemental release. Accordingly, it may be applicable throughout manufacturing, research, and development.  
Test Method A can specifically be used to obtain data to evaluate whether the chemical durability of glass waste forms have been consistently controlled during production (see Table 1).
Test Method B can specifically be used to measure the chemical durability of glass waste forms under various leaching conditions, for example, varying test durations, test temperatures, ratio of sample-surface area (S) to leachant volume (V) (see Appendix X1), and leachant types (see Table 1). Data from this test may form part of the larger body of data that are necessary in the logical approach to long-term prediction of waste form behavior (see Practice C 1174).
SCOPE
1.1 These product consistency test methods A and B evaluate the chemical durability of homogeneous glasses, phase separated glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, and/or multiphase glass ceramic waste forms hereafter collectively referred to as “glass waste forms” by measuring the concentrations of the chemical species released to a test solution.
1.1.1 Test Method A is a seven-day chemical durability test performed at 90 ± 2°C in a leachant of ASTM-Type I water. The test method is static and conducted in stainless steel vessels. Test Method A can specifically be used to evaluate whether the chemical durability and elemental release characteristics of nuclear, hazardous, and mixed glass waste forms have been consistently controlled during production. This test method is applicable to radioactive and simulated glass waste forms as defined above.
1.1.2 Test Method B is a durability test that allows testing at various test durations, test temperatures, mesh size, mass of sample, leachant volume, and leachant compositions. This test method is static and can be conducted in stainless steel or PFA TFE-fluorocarbon vessels, or both. Test Method B can specifically be used to evaluate the relative chemical durability characteristics of homogeneous glasses, phase separated glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, and/or multiphase glass ceramic waste forms. This test method is applicable to radioactive (nuclear) and mixed, hazardous, and simulated waste forms as defined above. Test Method B cannot be used as a consistency test for production of high level radioactive glass waste forms.
1.2 These test methods must be performed in accordance with all quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the data.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2008
• ICS: 13.030.30 - Special wastes
• Technical Committee: C26 - Nuclear Fuel Cycle
• Drafting Committee: C26.13 - Spent Fuel and High Level Waste

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1285-02 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, and Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics: The Product Consistency Test (PCT)
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1463-19 - Standard Practices for Dissolving Glass Containing Radioactive and Mixed Waste for Chemical and Radiochemical Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1174-20 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Long-Term Behavior of Materials Used in Engineered Barrier Systems (EBS) for Geological Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008
• Referred By: ASTM C1662-18 - Standard Practice for Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate Using the Single-Pass Flow-Through Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C1285 − 02(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Methods for
Determining Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, and
Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics: The
1
Product Consistency Test (PCT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1285; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 These product consistency test methodsAand B evalu-
standard.
ate the chemical durability of homogeneous glasses, phase
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
separated glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, and/or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
multiphase glass ceramic waste forms hereafter collectively
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
referred to as “glass waste forms” by measuring the concen-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
trations of the chemical species released to a test solution.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1.1 Test MethodAis a seven-day chemical durability test
performed at 90 6 2°C in a leachant of ASTM-Type I water.
2. Referenced Documents
The test method is static and conducted in stainless steel
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
vessels. Test Method A can specifically be used to evaluate
C92Test Methods for Sieve Analysis and Water Content of
whether the chemical durability and elemental release charac-
Refractory Materials
teristics of nuclear, hazardous, and mixed glass waste forms
C162Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
have been consistently controlled during production. This test
C169Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime
method is applicable to radioactive and simulated glass waste
and Borosilicate Glass
forms as defined above.
C225Test Methods for Resistance of Glass Containers to
1.1.2 TestMethodBisadurabilitytestthatallowstestingat
Chemical Attack
various test durations, test temperatures, mesh size, mass of
C371Test Method for Wire-Cloth Sieve Analysis of Non-
sample, leachant volume, and leachant compositions. This test
plastic Ceramic Powders
method is static and can be conducted in stainless steel or PFA C429Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Raw Materials for
TFE-fluorocarbon vessels, or both. Test Method B can specifi- Glass Manufacture
C693Test Method for Density of Glass by Buoyancy
cally be used to evaluate the relative chemical durability
C1109Practice for Analysis of Aqueous Leachates from
characteristics of homogeneous glasses, phase separated
Nuclear Waste Materials Using Inductively Coupled
glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, and/or multiphase
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
glass ceramic waste forms. This test method is applicable to
C1174PracticeforPredictionoftheLong-TermBehaviorof
radioactive (nuclear) and mixed, hazardous, and simulated
Materials, Including Waste Forms, Used in Engineered
waste forms as defined above. Test Method B cannot be used
Barrier Systems (EBS) for Geological Disposal of High-
as a consistency test for production of high level radioactive
Level Radioactive Waste
glass waste forms.
C1463Practices for Dissolving Glass Containing Radioac-
1.2 These test methods must be performed in accordance
tive and Mixed Waste for Chemical and Radiochemical
with all quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the
Analysis
data.
C1125Test Method for Penetration Index of Asbestos
D1129Terminology Relating to Water
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on
Nuclear Fuel Cycle and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 on
2
Spent Fuel and High Level Waste. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C1285–02. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1285-02R08. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C1285 − 02 (2008)
D1293Test Methods for pH of Water 3.1.14 mixed waste—waste containing both radioactive and
D4327Test Method forAnions in Water by Suppressed Ion hazardous components regulated by the Atomic Energy Act
4
Chromatography (AEA) (1) and the Resource
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1285–97 Designation: C 1285 – 02 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Methods for
Determining Chemical Durability of Nuclear, Hazardous, and
Mixed Waste Glasses and Multiphase Glass Ceramics: The
1
Product Consistency Test (PCT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1285; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These product consistency test methods A and B evaluate the chemical durability of homogeneous and glasses, phase
separated glasses, devitrified glasses, glass ceramics, and/or multiphase glass ceramic waste forms hereafter collectively referred
toas“glasswasteforms”bymeasuringtheconcentrationsofthechemicalspeciesreleasedfromacrushedglasstoatestsolution.
1.1.1 Test MethodAis a seven-day crushed glass chemical durability test performed at 90 6 2°C in a leachant ofASTM-Type
I water. The test method is static and conducted in stainless steel vessels. Test Method A can specifically be used to evaluate
whether the chemical durability and elemental release characteristics of nuclear, hazardous, and mixed glass waste glassesforms
have been consistently controlled during production. This test method is applicable to radioactive and simulated glass waste
glasses. forms as defined above.
1.1.2 Test Method B is a crushed glass durability test that allows testing of waste glasses at varyingvarious test durations, test
temperatures, mesh size, mass of glass,sample, leachant volume, and leachant types.compositions. This test method is static and
can be conducted in stainless steel or PFATFE-fluorocarbon vessels, or both. Test Method B can specifically be used to evaluate
the relative chemical durability characteristics of homogeneous or glasses, phase separated glasses, devitrified glasses, or both.
glass ceramics, and/or multiphase glass ceramic waste forms. This test method is applicable to radioactive (nuclear) and mixed,
hazardous,andsimulatedwasteglasses.formsasdefinedabove.TestMethodBcannotbeusedasaconsistencytestforproduction
of high level radioactive glass waste glass. forms.
1.2 These test methods must be performed in accordance with all quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the data.
1.3
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C92 Test Methods for Sieve Analysis and Water Content of Refractory Materials
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products
C169 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime and Borosilicate Glass
C225 Test Methods for Resistance of Glass Containers to Chemical Attack
C371 Test Method for Wire-Cloth Sieve Analysis of Nonplastic Ceramic Powders
C429 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Raw Materials for Glass Manufacture
C693 Test Method for Density of Glass by Buoyancy
C1109Test Method Practice for Analysis of Aqueous Leachates from Nuclear Waste Materials Using Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry Spectroscopy
C1174 Practice for Prediction of the Long-Term Behavior of Materials, Including Waste Forms, Used in Engineered Barrier
Systems (EBS) for Geological Disposal of High–-Level Radioactive Waste
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C-26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 on Repository
Waste.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1997. Published March 1998. Originally published as C1285–94. Last previous edition C1285–94.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 on Spent Fuel
and High Level Waste.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published August 2008. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C1285–02.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail]ards
, Vol 15.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on th
...