ASTM D1387-89(2012)

Standard Test Method for Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural Waxes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is used to determine the property of ester functionality. Ester functionality determines the utility of the wax as well as being a significant quality control test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponification number of synthetic waxes and natural waxes.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to Fischer Tropsche, microcrystalline, polyethylene, and Montan Ester waxes.  
1.3 Certain synthetic waxes, notably copolymers of ethylene, exhibit poor reproducibility when running saponification values. Reproducibility can be improved if cooking time in 7.2 is extended from 3 h to 18–20 h.  
1.4 Some oxidized polyethylene and other waxes with a melt temperature above 100°C may give poor reproducibility.  
1.5 Some dark-colored (Gardner Color 14) waxes may obscure the color change of the indicator, resulting in poor reproducibility.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2012
• ICS: 75.140 - Waxes, bituminous materials and other petroleum products
• Technical Committee: D21 - Polishes
• Drafting Committee: D21.02 - Raw Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1387-89(2007) - Standard Test Method for Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural Waxes
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2012
• Replaced By: ASTM D1387-89(2019) - Standard Test Method for Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural Waxes
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1387 −89(Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Method for
Saponification Number (Empirical) of Synthetic and Natural
Waxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1387; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 saponification number—the number of milligrams of
potassium hydroxide required to hydrolyze1gofthe sample
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the saponi-
and is a measure of the amount of saponifiable matter present.
fication number of synthetic waxes and natural waxes.
1.2 This test method is applicable to Fischer Tropsche,
4. Significance and Use
microcrystalline, polyethylene, and Montan Ester waxes.
4.1 This test method is used to determine the property of
1.3 Certain synthetic waxes, notably copolymers of
ester functionality. Ester functionality determines the utility of
ethylene, exhibit poor reproducibility when running saponifi-
the wax as well as being a significant quality control test.
cation values. Reproducibility can be improved if cooking time
in 7.2 is extended from3hto 18–20 h.
5. Apparatus
1.4 Some oxidized polyethylene and other waxes with a
5.1 Analytical Balance.
melt temperature above 100°C may give poor reproducibility.
5.2 Boiling Chips, chemically resistant glass.
1.5 Some dark-colored (Gardner Color 14) waxes may
5.3 Burets, two 50-mL capacity with 0.1-mL graduations.
obscure the color change of the indicator, resulting in poor
reproducibility.
5.4 Erlenmeyer Flasks, 250-mL, alkali-resistant.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5.5 Hot Plate.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5.6 Reflux Condenser.
standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6. Reagents and Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent-grade chemicals or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
equivalent as specified in Practice E200 shall be used in all
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tests.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.2 Hydrochloric Acid Standard (0.5 N).
2. Referenced Documents
6.3 Phenolphthalein Indicator Solution (10 g/litre)—
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Dissolve1gof phenolphthalein in 100 mL of USSD3A
E200 Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage
denatured ethanol or 95 % ethanol.
of Standard and Reagent Solutions for ChemicalAnalysis
6.4 Potassium Hydroxide, Alcoholic Solution (6.6 g/litre)—
Dissolve 6.6 g of potassium hydroxide (KOH) in USSD3A
3. Terminology
denatured ethanol or 95 % ethanol. Dilute to 1 L with the
3.1 Definitions:
ethanol.
6.5 Xylene.
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD21onPolishes
7. Procedure
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.02 on Raw Materials.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally
7.1 Transfer approximately1gofthe sample, weighed to
approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1387–89(2007).
the nearest 0.001 g to a 250-mL Erlenmeyer flask.
DOI: 10.1520/D1387-89R12.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.2 Add 40 mL of xylene and a few boiling chips to the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual
...