ASTM A131/A131M-14
(Specification)Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Ships
Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Ships
ABSTRACT
This specification covers structural steel plates, shapes, bars, and rivets for use in ship construction. Materials under this specification can be categorized as ordinary strength and higher strength. Plates in all thicknesses shall be normalized or thermo-mechanical control processed while shapes and bars in all thicknesses shall be heat treated and rolled. Heat analysis of ordinary strength structural steel shall be used to determine the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, and copper. Same analysis shall be used to higher strength structural steel to determine the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, vanadium, aluminum, titanium, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, copper, nickel, and niobium. Materials shall conform to the required metallurgical structure which shall be evaluated by determining the average grain size. Mechanical properties such as elongation and toughness shall be evaluated using tension test and Charpy V-notch impact test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural steel plates, shapes, bars, and rivets intended primarily for use in ship construction.
1.2 Material under this specification is available in the following categories:
1.2.1 Ordinary Strength—Grades A, B, D, and E with a specified minimum yield point of 34 ksi [235 MPa], and
1.2.2 Higher Strength—Grades AH, DH, EH, and FH with a specified minimum yield point of 46 ksi [315 MPa], 51 ksi [350 MPa], or 57 ksi [390 MPa].
1.3 Shapes and bars are normally available as Grades A, AH32, and AH36. Other grades may be furnished by agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
1.4 The maximum thickness of products furnished under this specification is 4 in. [100 mm] for plates and 2 in. [50 mm] for shapes and bars.
1.5 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.
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Designation:A131/A131M −14
Standard Specification for
1
Structural Steel for Ships
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA131/A131M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers structural steel plates, shapes,
bars, and rivets intended primarily for use in ship construction. A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled
Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
1.2 Material under this specification is available in the
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
following categories:
of Steel Products
1.2.1 Ordinary Strength—Grades A, B, D, and E with a
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
specified minimum yield point of 34 ksi [235 MPa], and
1.2.2 Higher Strength—GradesAH, DH, EH, and FH with a
3. Terminology
specified minimum yield point of 46 ksi [315 MPa], 51 ksi
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
[350 MPa], or 57 ksi [390 MPa].
3.1.1 control rolling (controlled rolling), n—a hot deforma-
1.3 Shapes and bars are normally available as Grades A,
tion process intended to provide austenite (and hence ferrite)
AH32, and AH36. Other grades may be furnished by agree-
grain refinement by careful control of the pass-by-pass
ment between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
temperature/reduction schedule at high temperature regime
whereausteniterecrystallizesaftereachrollingpassoratlower
1.4 The maximum thickness of products furnished under
temperatures where the deformed austenite does not recrystal-
this specification is 4 in. [100 mm] for plates and 2 in. [50 mm]
lize between rolling passes, or both. In some cases, rolling may
for shapes and bars.
3
extend below the temperature (Ar ) at which the transforma-
1.5 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a
tion from austenite to ferrite begins, so the final rolling passes
welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended
may involve deformation in the two-phase (austenite + ferrite)
use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specifica-
region.
tion A6/A6M for information on weldability.
3.1.2 thermo-mechanical controlled processing, n—a steel
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
treatment that consists of strict control of the steel temperature
are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text,
and the rolling reduction. A high proportion of the rolling
the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
reduction is to be carried out close to or below the Ar
3
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
transformation temperature and may involve rolling towards
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
the lower end of the temperature range of the intercritical
two systems may result in nonconformance with this specifi-
dual-phase region, thus permitting little if any recrystallization
cation.
of the austenite. The process may involve accelerated cooling
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor- on completion of rolling.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Ordering Information
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 Specification A6/A6M establishes the rules for the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ordering information that should be complied with when
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
purchasing material to this specification.
4.2 Additionalorderingconsiderationsspecifictothisspeci-
fication are:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
A01.02 on Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published October 2014. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1931. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as A131/A131M – 13. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/A0131_A0131M-14. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A131/A131M − 13 A131/A131M − 14
Standard Specification for
1
Structural Steel for Ships
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A131/A131M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers structural steel plates, shapes, bars, and rivets intended primarily for use in ship construction.
1.2 Material under this specification is available in the following categories:
1.2.1 Ordinary Strength—Grades A, B, D, and E with a specified minimum yield point of 34 ksi [235 MPa], and
1.2.2 Higher Strength—Grades AH, DH, EH, and FH with a specified minimum yield point of 46 ksi [315 MPa], 51 ksi [350
MPa], or 57 ksi [390 MPa].
1.3 Shapes and bars are normally available as Grades A, AH32, and AH36. Other grades may be furnished by agreement
between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
1.4 The maximum thickness of products furnished under this specification is 4 in. [100 mm] for plates and 2 in. [50 mm] for
shapes and bars.
1.5 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use
or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for Rolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet Piling
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 control rolling, rolling (controlled rolling), n—a steel treatment that consists of hot deformation process intended to
provide austenite (and hence ferrite) grain refinement by careful control of the pass-by-pass temperature/reduction schedule at high
temperature regime where austenite recrystallizes after each rolling pass or at lower temperatures where the deformed austenite
3
does not recrystallize between rolling passes, or both. In some cases, rolling may extend below the temperature (Ar final rolling
within the range used for normalizing heat treatments so that the austenite completely recrystallizes.) at which the transformation
from austenite to ferrite begins, so the final rolling passes may involve deformation in the two-phase (austenite + ferrite) region.
3.1.2 thermo-mechanical controlled processing, n—a steel treatment that consists of strict control of the steel temperature and
the rolling reduction. A high proportion of the rolling reduction is to be carried out close to or below the Ar transformation
3
temperature and may involve rolling towards the lower end of the temperature range of the intercritical dual-phase region, thus
permitting little if any recrystallization of the austenite. The process may involve accelerated cooling on completion of rolling.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.02
on Structural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2013October 2014. Originally approved in 1931. Last previous edition approved in 20082013
as A131/A131M – 08.A131/A131M – 13. DOI: 10.1520/A0131_A0131M-13.10.1520/A0131_A0131M-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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A131/A131M
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