ASTM D4890-06

Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Gardner and APHA Color of Polyols

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are suitable for quality control, as specification tests, and for research. Color is an important property of urethane products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods measure visually the color of clear polyester and polyether liquids. They apply only to materials whose colors have light-absorption characteristics similar to those of the standards. An alternative method is Test Method D 1209 (see ).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1
Although Test Method A of these test methods and ISO 4630-1:2004 differ in some details, data obtained using either are technically equivalent. Although Test Method B of these test methods and ISO 6271-1981 differ in some details, data obtained using either are technically equivalent.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2006
• ICS: 83.040.30 - Auxiliary materials and additives for plastics
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.22 - Cellular Materials - Plastics and Elastomers

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4890-98(2003) - Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Gardner and APHA Color of Polyols
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM D4890-13 - Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Gardner and APHA Color of Polyols
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D4877-19 - Standard Test Method for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of APHA Color in Isocyanates
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4890 − 06
StandardTest Methods for
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Gardner and
1
APHA Color of Polyols
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ISO4630-2:2004Clear Liquids—Estimation of Colour by
the Gardner Colour Scale—Part 2: Spectroscopic Method
1.1 These test methods measure visually the color of clear
ISO6271-1981Clear Liquids—Estimation of Color by the
polyester and polyether liquids. They apply only to materials
Platinum-Cobalt Scale
whose colors have light-absorption characteristics similar to
those of the standards. An alternative method is Test Method
3. Terminology
D1209 (see Note 1).
3.1 For definitions of terms used in these test methods see
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Terminology D883.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 In Test MethodA, the color of the material to be tested
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
is compared to a series of color standards with defined
chromicity coordinates, prepared on one of three ways. The
NOTE1—AlthoughTestMethodAofthesetestmethodsandISO4630-
results are reported as the color standard, which best matches
1:2004 differ in some details, data obtained using either are technically
equivalent.AlthoughTest Method B of these test methods and ISO6271-
the sample.
1981 differ in some details, data obtained using either are technically
4.2 In Test Method B, the color of the material to be tested
equivalent.
is compared to a series of platinum-cobalt color standards,
2. Referenced Documents
designatedbymgofPt/mLofstandardsolution.Theresultsare
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: reported as the color standard, which best matches the sample
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics (see Note 2).
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
NOTE2—Colorofliquidsalsocanbemeasuredbyvisiblespectroscopy
D1209Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
and the results converted to any of several color scales. These results can
Cobalt Scale)
be converted to the APHA scale by appropriate manipulations, as for
example in Test Method D5386.
D5386Test Method for Color of Liquids Using Tristimulus
Colorimetry
5. Significance and Use
E308PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
5.1 These test methods are suitable for quality control, as
the CIE System
specification tests, and for research. Color is an important
E1164PracticeforObtainingSpectrometricDataforObject-
property of urethane products.
Color Evaluation
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
6. Sampling
ISO4630-1:2004Estimation of Colour by the Gardner Co-
6.1 Polyesters and polyethers usually contain molecules
lour Scale—Part 1: Visual Method
covering an appreciable range of molecular weights. These
have a tendency to fractionate during solidification. Unless the
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofCommitteeD20onPlasticsand
materialisaliquidorfinelygroundsoliditisnecessarytomelt
arethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD20.22onCellularMaterials-Plastics
and Elastomers.
(usingnohighertemperaturethannecessary)andmixtheresin
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2006. Published September 2006. Originally
well before removing a sample for analysis. Many polyols are
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D4890-98(2003).
hygroscopic and care should be taken to provide minimum
DOI: 10.1520/D4890-06.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or exposure to atmospheric moisture during the sampling.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 7. Purity of Reagents
the ASTM website.
3 7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent-grade chemicals shall be
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4890 − 06
TABLE 1 Gardner Reference Standard Color Solutions
Chromaticity
Potassium
Iron-Cobalt Solutions
A Potassium
Coordinates
Gardner Color Standard Chloroplatinate,
Dichromate, g/100 mL
Number g/1000 mL of 0.1
Ferric Chloride Cobalt Chloride B
S
...