ASTM F526-16

Standard Test Method for Using Calorimeters for Total Dose Measurements in Pulsed Linear Accelerator or Flash X-ray Machines

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 An accurate measure of the total absorbed dose is necessary to ensure the validity of the data taken, to enable comparison to be made of data taken at different facilities, and to verify that components or circuits are tested to the radiation specification applied to the system for which they are to be used.  
5.2 The primary value of a calorimetric method for measuring dose is that the results are absolute. They are based only on physical properties of materials, that is, the specific heat of the calorimeter-block material and the Seebeck EMF of the thermocouple used or the temperature coefficient of resistance (α) of the thermistor used, all of which can be established with non-radiation measurements.  
5.3 The method permits repeated measurements to be made without requiring entry into the radiation cell between measurements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a calorimetric measurement of the total absorbed dose delivered in a single pulse of electrons from an electron linear accelerator or a flash X-ray machine (FXR, e-beam mode) used as an ionizing source in radiation-effects testing. The test method is designed for use with pulses of electrons in the energy range from 10 to 50 MeV and is only valid for cases in which both the calorimeter and the test specimen to be irradiated are “thin” compared to the range of these electrons in the materials of which they are constructed.  
1.2 The procedure described can be used in those cases in which (1) the dose delivered in a single pulse is 5 Gy(matl)2 [500 rd (matl)] or greater, or (2) multiple pulses of a lower dose can be delivered in a short time compared to the thermal time constant of the calorimeter. The units for the total absorbed dose delivered to a material require the specification of the material and the notation “matl” refers to the active material of the calorimeter. The minimum dose per pulse that can be acceptably monitored depends on the variables of the particular test, including pulse rate, pulse uniformity, and the thermal time constant of the calorimeter.  
1.3 A determination of the total dose is made directly for the material of which the calorimeter block is made. The total dose in other materials can be calculated from this measured value by formulas presented in this test method. The need for such calculations and the choice of materials for which calculations are to be made shall be subject to agreement by the parties to the test.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are provided for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2016
• ICS: 17.240 - Radiation measurements
• Technical Committee: E10 - Nuclear Technology and Applications
• Drafting Committee: E10.07 - Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F526 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Using Calorimeters for Total Dose Measurements in Pulsed
1
Linear Accelerator or Flash X-ray Machines
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF526;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
1.1 This test method covers a calorimetric measurement of
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
the total absorbed dose delivered in a single pulse of electrons
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
from an electron linear accelerator or a flash X-ray machine
limitations prior to use.
(FXR, e-beam mode) used as an ionizing source in radiation-
effects testing. The test method is designed for use with pulses
2. Referenced Documents
ofelectronsintheenergyrangefrom10to50MeVandisonly
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
valid for cases in which both the calorimeter and the test
E170Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and
specimen to be irradiated are “thin” compared to the range of
Dosimetry
these electrons in the materials of which they are constructed.
E230Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force
1.2 The procedure described can be used in those cases in
(EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
2
which (1) the dose delivered in a single pulse is 5 Gy(matl)
E1894Guide for Selecting Dosimetry Systems for Applica-
[500rd(matl)]orgreater,or(2)multiplepulsesofalowerdose
tion in Pulsed X-Ray Sources
can be delivered in a short time compared to the thermal time
3. Terminology
constant of the calorimeter. The units for the total absorbed
dose delivered to a material require the specification of the
3.1 Definitions:
materialandthenotation“matl”referstotheactivematerialof
3.1.1 device under test (DUT)—the device that is under the
the calorimeter. The minimum dose per pulse that can be
current test.
acceptablymonitoreddependsonthevariablesoftheparticular
3.1.2 Seebeck EMF—the electromagnetic force (EMF) gen-
test, including pulse rate, pulse uniformity, and the thermal
erated by the Seebeck effect when two wires composed of
time constant of the calorimeter.
dissimilar metals are joined at both ends and the ends are held
atdifferenttemperatures.Avoltagecanbemeasuredacrossthe
1.3 Adeterminationofthetotaldoseismadedirectlyforthe
terminals when current flows through the wires.
materialofwhichthecalorimeterblockismade.Thetotaldose
in other materials can be calculated from this measured value
3.1.3 temperature coeffıcient of resistance—the resistance
by formulas presented in this test method. The need for such
change in a material per degree of temperature change dΩ/
calculations and the choice of materials for which calculations
(Ω*dθ), where Ω denotes the resistance and θ denotes the
are to be made shall be subject to agreement by the parties to
temperature. This quantity has units of inverse temperature
the test.
and, for small changes about a reference temperature in a
conductor, this quantity is often modeled as a linear relation-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ship with temperature.
standard. The values in parenthesis are provided for informa-
tion only.
3.1.4 thermal time constant of a calorimeter—the time for
the temperature excursion of the calorimeter resulting from a
radiation pulse to drop to 1/e of its initial maximum value.
1
3.1.5 TSP—twisted shielded pair, a shielded case of a
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE10onNuclear
Technology and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
twistedpaircableinwhichtwoconductorsaretwistedtogether
E10.07 on Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally
3
published as F526–77 T. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F526–11. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/F0526-16. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
In1975theGeneralConferenceonWeightsandMeasuresadoptedtheunitgray Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
(symbol–Gy) for absorbed dose; 1 Gy=100 rad. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F526 − 16
long as the calorimeter block comprises the great
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F526 − 11 F526 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Using Calorimeters for Total Dose Measurements in Pulsed
1
Linear Accelerator or Flash X-ray Machines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F526; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a calorimetric measurement of the total absorbed dose delivered in a single pulse of electrons from
an electron linear accelerator or a flash X-ray machine (FXR, e-beam mode) used as an ionizing source in radiation-effects testing.
The test method is designed for use with pulses of electrons in the energy range from 10 to 50 MeV and is only valid for cases
in which both the calorimeter and the test specimen to be irradiated are“thin” are “thin” compared to the range of these electrons
in the materials of which they are constructed.
2
1.2 The procedure described can be used in those cases in which (1) the dose delivered in a single pulse is 5 Gy (matl)Gy(matl)
(500[500 rd (matl))(matl)] or greater, or (2) multiple pulses of a lower dose can be delivered in a short time compared to the thermal
time constant of the calorimeter. Matl The units for the total absorbed dose delivered to a material require the specification of the
material and the notation “matl” refers to the active material of the calorimeter. The minimum dose per pulse that can be acceptably
monitored depends on the variables of the particular test, including pulse rate, pulse uniformity, and the thermal time constant of
the calorimeter.
1.3 A determination of the total dose is made directly for the material of which the calorimeter block is made. The total dose
in other materials can be calculated from this measured value by formulas presented in this test method. The need for such
calculations and the choice of materials for which calculations are to be made shall be subject to agreement by the parties to the
test.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parenthesis are provided for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E170 Terminology Relating to Radiation Measurements and Dosimetry
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E1894 Guide for Selecting Dosimetry Systems for Application in Pulsed X-Ray Sources
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 device under test (DUT)—the device that is under the current test.
3.1.2 Seebeck EMF—the electromagnetic force (EMF) generated by the Seebeck effect when two wires composed of dissimilar
metals are joined at both ends and the ends are held at different temperatures. A voltage can be measured across the terminals when
current flows through the wires.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on Nuclear Technology and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E10.07
on Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011June 1, 2016. Published February 2011July 2016. Originally published as F526 – 77 T. Last previous edition approved in 20032011
as F526 – 97F526 – 11.(2003). DOI: 10.1520/F0526-11.10.1520/F0526-16.
2
In 1975 the General Conference on Weights and Measures adopted the unit gray (symbol—Gy)(symbol–Gy) for absorbed dose; 1 Gy = 100 rad.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F526 − 16
3.1.3 temperature coeffıcient of resistance—the resistance change in a material per degree of temperature change dΩ/(Ω*dθ),
where Ω denotes the resistance and θ denotes the temperat
...