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ASTM E633-21

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Testing

Standard Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This guide presents techniques on the use of thermocouples and associated equipment for measuring temperature in elevated-temperature mechanical testing under typical conditions. Test durations range from minutes for tension, compression, Young's modulus, and superplastic property tests to thousands of hours for creep, stress-rupture, creep rupture, notch tension, and stress-relaxation tests.  
6.2 Since elevated-temperature mechanical properties are highly sensitive to temperature, users should make every effort practicable to make accurate temperature measurements and provide stable control of the test temperature. The goal of this guide is to provide users with good pyrometric practice and techniques for precise temperature control for elevated-temperature mechanical testing.  
6.3 Techniques are given in this guide for maintaining a stable temperature throughout the period of test.  
6.4 If the techniques of this guide are followed, the difference between indicated temperature and true temperature, as used in Test Methods E21, E111, E139, E292, E328, E2448, and Practice E209 will be reduced to the lowest practical level.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of ANSI thermocouple Types listed in Specification E230/E230M for elevated-temperature mechanical testing at temperatures typical in testing of metals.
Note 1: Typical conditions for mechanical testing are specified temperatures up to 1800 °F (982 °C) in air at one atmosphere of pressure.  
1.1.1 This guide focuses on most commonly used base metal and noble metal ANSI type K, N, R, and S thermocouples.  
1.1.2 Other ANSI thermocouple types that are listed in Specification E230/E230M may be used if the specific precautions and maximum temperatures for their use are followed.  
1.1.3 It does not cover the use of sheathed thermocouples.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2020
ICS
17.200.20 - Temperature-measuring instruments
Technical Committee
E28 - Mechanical Testing
Drafting Committee
E28.04 - Uniaxial Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E633 − 21
Standard Guide for
Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical
1
Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E633; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This guide provides basic information, options, and guidelines to enable the user to apply
thermocouples, temperature measurement, and control equipment with sufficient accuracy to satisfy
the temperature requirements for elevated-temperature mechanical testing of materials.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide covers the use ofANSI thermocouple Types 2.1 ASTM Standards:
listed in Specification E230/E230M for elevated-temperature E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
mechanical testing at temperatures typical in testing of metals. E21TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
Metallic Materials
NOTE 1—Typical conditions for mechanical testing are specified tem-
E111Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Tangent Modulus,
peratures up to 1800°F (982°C) in air at one atmosphere of pressure.
and Chord Modulus
1.1.1 This guide focuses on most commonly used base
E139Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
metal and noble metal ANSI type K, N, R, and S thermo-
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
couples.
E209PracticeforCompressionTestsofMetallicMaterialsat
1.1.2 Other ANSI thermocouple types that are listed in
Elevated Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heat-
Specification E230/E230M may be used if the specific precau-
ing Rates and Strain Rates
tions and maximum temperatures for their use are followed.
E220Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
1.1.3 It does not cover the use of sheathed thermocouples.
Comparison Techniques
1.2 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
E230/E230MSpecification for Temperature-Electromotive
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
E292Test Methods for ConductingTime-for-Rupture Notch
and are not considered standard.
Tension Tests of Materials
E328Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Structures
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E344Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
etry
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E574Specification for Duplex, Base Metal Thermocouple
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Wire With Glass Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
E1129/E1129MSpecification for Thermocouple Connectors
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
E1684Specification for Miniature Thermocouple Connec-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tors
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
E2448Test Method for Determining the Superplastic Prop-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
erties of Metallic Sheet Materials
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical
2
TestingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE28.04onUniaxialTesting. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published March 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E633–13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E0633-21. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E633 − 21
necessary because of the proximity of strong electromagnetic fields from
3. Terminology
the heating elements of the furnace.
3.1 Definitions—Unless otherwise indicated, the definitions
7.2 Temperature Measurement Instrumentation—The mea-
given in Terminology E6 and E344 shall apply.
surement system should be able to resolve the thermocouple
signalto 60.1°F(0.05°C).Thetemperatureindicationshould
4. Classification
have no more than 61.0°F (0.5°C) uncertainty for the
4.1 The following thermocouple types are identified in
purposesofthistest.Inaddition,wherespecificcorrectionsfor
Tables E230
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E633 − 13 E633 − 21
Standard Guide for
Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-Rupture Testing
to 1800°F (1000°C) in AirElevated-Temperature Mechanical
1
Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E633; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This guide provides basic information, options, and guidelines to enable the user to apply
thermocouples, temperature measurement, and control equipment with sufficient accuracy to satisfy
the temperature requirements for creep and stress-rupture elevated-temperature mechanical testing of
materials.
1. Scope*
1.1 This guide covers the use of ANSI thermocouple Types K, N, R, andlisted in Specification E230/E230M S for creep and
stress-rupture for elevated-temperature mechanical testing at temperatures up to 1800°F (1000°C) in air at one atmosphere of
pressure. It does not cover the use of sheathed thermocouples. typical in testing of metals.
NOTE 1—Typical conditions for mechanical testing are specified temperatures up to 1800 °F (982 °C) in air at one atmosphere of pressure.
1.1.1 This guide focuses on most commonly used base metal and noble metal ANSI type K, N, R, and S thermocouples.
1.1.2 Other ANSI thermocouple types that are listed in Specification E230/E230M may be used if the specific precautions and
maximum temperatures for their use are followed.
1.1.3 It does not cover the use of sheathed thermocouples.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.04 on Uniaxial Testing.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013Jan. 1, 2021. Published December 2013March 2021. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20052013 as
E633–00(2005).E633–13. DOI: 10.1520/E0633-13.10.1520/E0633-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E633 − 21
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials
E111 Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
E207E209 Test Method for Thermal EMF Test of Single Thermoelement Materials by Comparison with a Reference
Thermoelement of Similar EMF-Temperature PropertiesPractice for Compression Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated
Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heating Rates and Strain Rates
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E230E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
E328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and Structures
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E574 Specification for Duplex, Base Metal Thermocouple Wire With Glass Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation
E1129/E1129M Specification for Thermocouple Connectors
E1684 Specification for Miniature Thermocouple Connectors
E2448 Test Method for Determining the Superplastic Properties of Metallic Sheet Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Unless otherw
...

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ASTM E633-21a(Guide)
Standard Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This guide presents techniques on the use of thermocouples and associated equipment for measuring temperature in elevated-temperature mechanical testing under typical conditions. Test durations range from minutes for tension, compression, Young's modulus, and superplastic property tests to thousands of hours for creep, stress-rupture, creep rupture, notch tension, and stress-relaxation tests.  
6.2 Since elevated-temperature mechanical properties are highly sensitive to temperature, users should make every effort practicable to make accurate temperature measurements and provide stable control of the test temperature. The goal of this guide is to provide users with good pyrometric practice and techniques for precise temperature control for elevated-temperature mechanical testing.  
6.3 Techniques are given in this guide for maintaining a stable temperature throughout the period of test.  
6.4 If the techniques of this guide are followed, the difference between indicated temperature and true temperature, as used in Test Methods E21, E111, E139, E292, E328, E2448, and Practice E209 will be reduced to the lowest practical level.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of ANSI thermocouple Types listed in Specification E230/E230M for elevated-temperature mechanical testing at temperatures typical in testing of metals.
Note 1: Typical conditions for mechanical testing are specified temperatures up to 1800 °F (982 °C) in air at one atmosphere of pressure.  
1.1.1 This guide focuses on most commonly used base metal and noble metal ANSI type K, N, R, and S thermocouples.  
1.1.2 Other ANSI thermocouple types that are listed in Specification E230/E230M may be used if the specific precautions and maximum temperatures for their use are followed.  
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ASTM E2067-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Full-Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimetry Fire Tests

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4.1 The oxygen consumption principle, used for the measurements described here, is based on the observation that, generally, the net heat of combustion is directly related to the amount of oxygen required for combustion (1).7 Approximately 13.1 MJ of heat are released per 1 kg of oxygen consumed. Test specimens in the test are burned in ambient air conditions, while being subjected to a prescribed external heating source.  
4.1.1 This technique is not appropriate for use on its own when the combustible fuel is an oxidizer or an explosive agent, which release oxygen. Further analysis is required in such cases (see Appendix X2).  
4.2 The heat release is determined by the measurement of the oxygen consumption, as determined by the oxygen concentration and the flow rate in the combustion product stream, in a full scale environment.  
4.3 The primary measurements are oxygen concentration and exhaust gas flow rate. Additional measurements include the specimen ignitability, the smoke obscuration generated, the specimen mass loss rate, the effective heat of combustion and the yields of combustion products from the test specimen.  
4.4 The oxygen consumption technique is used in different types of test methods. Intermediate scale (Test Method E1623, UL 1975) and full scale (Test Method D5424, Test Method D5537, Test Method E1537, Test Method E1590, Test Method E1822, ISO 9705, NFPA 265, NFPA 266, NFPA 267, NFPA 286, UL 1685) test methods, as well as unstandardized room scale experiments following Guide E603, using this technique involve a large instrumented exhaust hood, where oxygen concentration is measured, either standing alone or positioned outside a doorway. A large test specimen is placed either under the hood or inside the room. This practice is intended to address issues associated with equipment requiring a large instrumented hood and not stand-alone test apparatuses with small test specimens.  
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1.1 This practice deals with methods to construct, calibrate, and use full scale oxygen consumption calorimeters to help minimize testing result discrepancies between laboratories.  
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Note 1: This is the standard caveat described in section F2.2.2.1 of the Form and Style for ASTM Standards manual for fire-test-response standards. In actual fact, this practice does not provide quantitative measures.  
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ASTM E839-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sheathed Thermocouples and Sheathed Thermocouple Cable

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard provides a description of test methods used in other ASTM specifications to establish certain acceptable methods for characterizing thermocouple assemblies and thermocouple cable. These test methods define how those characteristics shall be determined.  
5.2 The usefulness and purpose of the included tests are given for the category of tests.  
5.3 Warning—Users should be aware that certain characteristics of thermocouples might change with time and use. If a thermocouple’s designed shipping, storage, installation, or operating temperature has been exceeded, that thermocouple’s moisture seal may have been compromised and may no longer adequately prevent the deleterious intrusion of water vapor. Consequently, the thermocouple’s condition established by test at the time of manufacture may not apply later. In addition, inhomogeneities can develop in thermoelements because of exposure to higher temperatures, even in cases where maximum exposure temperatures have been lower than the suggested upper use temperature limits specified in Table 1 of Specification E608/E608M. For this reason, calibration of thermocouples destined for delivery to a customer is not recommended. Because the emf indication of any thermocouple depends upon the condition of the thermoelements along their entire length, as well as the temperature profile pattern in the region of any inhomogeneity, the emf output of a used thermocouple will be unique to its installation. Because temperature profiles in calibration equipment are unlikely to duplicate those of the installation, removal of a used thermocouple to a separate apparatus for calibration is not recommended. Instead, in situ calibration by comparison to a similar thermocouple known to be good is often recommended.
SCOPE
1.1 This document lists methods for testing Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed (MIMS) thermocouple assemblies and thermocouple cable, but does not require that any of these tests be performed nor does it state criteria for acceptance. The acceptance criteria are given in other ASTM standard specifications that impose this testing for those thermocouples and cable. Examples from ASTM thermocouple specifications for acceptance criteria are given for many of the tests. These tabulated values are not necessarily those that would be required to meet these tests, but are included as examples only.  
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1.3.1.1 Compaction—direct method, absorption method, and tension method.
1.3.1.2 Thickness.
1.3.1.3 Resistance—at room temperature and at elevated temperature.  
1.3.2 Sheath Properties:  
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1.3.2.2 Dimensions—length, diameter, and roundness.
1.3.2.3 Wall thickness.
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1.3.3.5 Thermoelement spacing.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to be used by wire producers and thermocouple manufacturers for certification of refractory metal thermocouples. It is intended to provide a consistent method for calibration of refractory metal thermocouples referenced to a calibrated radiation thermometer. Uncertainty in calibration and operation of the radiation thermometer, and proper construction and use of the test furnace are of primary importance.  
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1.2.1 Type 1—Bare-wire thermocouple assemblies in which vacuum or an inert or reducing gas is the only electrical insulating medium between the thermoelements.  
1.2.2 Type 2—Assemblies in which loose fitting ceramic insulating pieces, such as single-bore or double-bore tubes, are placed over the thermoelements.  
1.2.3 Type 2A—Assemblies in which loose fitting ceramic insulating pieces, such as single-bore or double-bore tubes, are placed over the thermoelements, permanently enclosed and sealed in a loose fitting metal or ceramic tube.  
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1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.  
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ASTM E2918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Performance Validation of Thermomechanical Analyzers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method may be used to determine and validate the performance of a particular thermomechanical analyzer apparatus.  
5.2 This test method may be used to determine and validate the performance of a particular method based upon thermomechanical analyzer temperature or length change measurements.  
5.3 This test method may be used to determine the repeatability of a particular apparatus, operator, or laboratory.  
5.4 This test method may be used for specification and regulatory compliance purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides procedures for validating temperature and length change measurements of thermomechanical analyzers (TMA) and analytical methods based upon the measurement of temperature and length change. Performance parameters include temperature repeatability, linearity, and bias; and dimension change repeatability, detection limit, quantitation limit, linearity, and bias.  
1.2 Validation of apparatus performance and analytical methods is a necessary requirement for quality initiatives. Results may also be used for legal purposes.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E235/E235M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Type K and Type N Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Thermocouples for Nuclear or for Other High-Reliability Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for sheathed, Type K and N thermocouples for nuclear service. This specification can be used for sheathed thermocouples which are required for laboratory or general commercial applications where the environmental conditions exceed normal service requirements. The measuring junction styles for thermocouples are as follows: Style G2 (grounded) in which measuring junction is electrically connected to conductive sheaths and Style U2 (ungrounded) in which measuring junctions are electrically isolated from conductive sheaths and from reference ground. Different properties of the sheath such as integrity, cracks, voids, inclusions, surface finish, surface defect, and metallurgical structure shall be determined by performing different tests. Insulation resistance between thermoelements and the sheath shall be measured as well.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for simplex, compacted mineral-insulated, metal-sheathed (MIMS), Type K and N thermocouples for nuclear or other high reliability service. Depending on size, these thermocouples are normally suitable for operating temperatures to 1652 °F [900 °C]; special conditions of environment and life expectancy may permit their use at temperatures in excess of 2012 °F [1100 °C]. This specification was prepared to detail requirements for this type of MIMS thermocouple for use in nuclear environments, but they can also be used for laboratory or general commercial applications where the environmental conditions exceed normal service requirements. The intended use of a MIMS thermocouple in a specific nuclear application will require evaluation of the compatibility of the thermocouple, including the effect of the temperature, atmosphere, and integrated neutron flux on the materials and accuracy of the thermoelements in the proposed application by the purchaser.  
1.2 This specification does not attempt to include all possible specifications, standards, etc., for materials that may be used as sheathing, insulation, and thermocouple wires for sheathed-type construction. The requirements of this specification include only the austenitic stainless steels and other alloys as allowed by Specification E585/E585M for sheathing, magnesium oxide or aluminum oxide as insulation, and Type K and N thermocouple wires for thermoelements (see Note 1).  
1.3 General Design—Nominal sizes of the finished thermocouples shall be 0.0400 in., 0.0625 in., 0.125 in., 0.1875 in., or 0.250 in. [1.000 mm, 1.500 mm, 3.000 mm, 4.500 mm, or 6.000 mm]. Sheath dimensions and tolerances for each nominal size shall be in accordance with Table 1 and Figs. 1 and 2. The measuring junction styles for thermocouples covered by this specification are as follows:  
FIG. 1 Grounded Measuring Junction, Style G  
FIG. 2 Ungrounded Measuring Junction, Style U  
1.3.1 Style G2  (grounded)—The measuring junction is electrically connected to its conductive sheath, and  
1.3.2 Style U2 (ungrounded)—The measuring junction is electrically isolated from its conductive sheath and from reference ground.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents or conversions; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recomm...

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ASTM
ASTM E1350-18(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Testing Sheathed Thermocouples, Thermocouple Assemblies, and Connecting Wires Prior to, and After Installation or Service

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These test procedures confirm and document that the thermocouple assembly was not damaged prior to or during the installation process and that the extension wires are properly connected.  
5.2 The test procedures should be used when thermocouple assemblies are first installed in their working environment.  
5.3 In the event of subsequent thermocouple failure, these procedures will provide benchmark data to verify failure and may help to identify the cause of failure.  
5.4 The usefulness and purpose of the applicable tests will be found within each category.  
5.5 These tests are not meant to ensure that the thermocouple assembly will measure temperatures accurately. Such assurance is derived from proper thermocouple and instrumentation selection and proper placement in the location at which the temperature is to be measured. For further information, the reader is directed to MNL 12, Manual on the Use of the Thermocouples in Temperature Measurement2 which is an excellent reference document on metal sheathed thermocouple uses.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods for users to test metal sheathed thermocouple assemblies, including the extension wires just prior to and after installation or some period of service.  
1.2 The tests are intended to ensure that the thermocouple assemblies have not been damaged during storage or installation, to ensure that the extension wires have been attached to connectors and terminals with the correct polarity, and to provide benchmark data for later reference when testing to assess possible damage of the thermocouple assembly after operation. Some of these tests may not be appropriate for thermocouples that have been exposed to temperatures higher than the recommended limits for the particular type.  
1.3 The tests described herein include methods to measure the following characteristics of installed sheathed thermocouple assemblies and to provide benchmark data for determining if the thermocouple assembly has been subsequently damaged in operation:  
1.3.1 Loop Resistance:  
1.3.1.1 Thermoelements,
1.3.1.2 Combined extension wires and thermoelements.  
1.3.2 Insulation Resistance:  
1.3.2.1 Insulation, thermocouple assembly,
1.3.2.2 Insulation, thermocouple assembly and extension wires.  
1.3.3 Seebeck Voltage:  
1.3.3.1 Thermoelements,
1.3.3.2 Combined extension wires and thermocouple assembly.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E585/E585M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Compacted Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed, Base Metal Thermocouple Cable

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the required material, processing and testing requirements, and also the optional supplementary testing and quality assurance and verification choices for compacted, mineral-insulated, metal-sheathed, base metal thermocouple cables with at least two thermoelements. The material of construction includes standard base metal thermoelements, austenitic stainless steel or other corrosion resistant sheath material, and either magnesia (MgO) or alumina (Al2O3) insulation. The required tests to which the thermocouple cables shall undergo for quality verification are dimensions, insulation resistance at room temperature, calibration, electrical continuity, insulation density, sheath integrity, and EMF versus temperature values.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes requirements for compacted, mineral-insulated, metal-sheathed (MIMS), base metal thermocouple cable,2 with at least two thermoelements.3  
1.2 This specification describes the required material, processing and testing requirements, optional supplementary testing, quality assurance, and verification choices.  
1.3 The material of construction includes standard base metal thermoelements, austenitic stainless steel or other corrosion resistant sheath material, and either magnesia (MgO) or alumina (Al2O3) insulation.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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