ASTM D3809-79(1993)

Standard Method of Testing Synthetic Dielectric Fluids For Capacitors

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing synthetic dielectric fluids currently in use for capacitors. The methods are generally suitable for specification acceptance, factory control, referee testing, and research. Their applicability to future fluids has not been determined.
1.2 The scope of some of the test methods listed here apply to petroleum oils, but have been found suitable for synthetic fluids.
1.3 For methods relating to polybutene fluids refer to Specification D2296.
1.4 For methods relating to silicone fluids refer to Test Methods D2225.
1.5 A list of properties and standards are as follows:Property MeasuredSectionASTM Test MethodPhysical:Coefficient of thermal expansion6D 1903Flash point7D 92Pour point8D 97Refractive index9 D 1218Relative Density/Specific gravity10 D 1298Viscosity11D 445Chemical:Acid number12D 664Water content13D 1533Electrical:Relative permittivity14 D 924Dielectric strength15D 877D 1816Dissipation factor16D 924
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-2001
• ICS: 29.040.10 - Insulating oils
• Technical Committee: D27 - Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
• Drafting Committee: D27.02 - Gases and Non-Mineral Oil Liquids

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3809-01 - Standard Method for Testing Synthetic Dielectric Fluids For Capacitors
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 3809 – 79 (Reapproved 1993)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Methods of Testing
Synthetic Dielectric Fluids For Capacitors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3809; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of
Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
1.1 These methods cover testing synthetic dielectric fluids
D 923 Test Method for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liq-
currently in use for capacitors. The methods are generally
uids
suitable for specification acceptance, factory control, referee
D 924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)
testing, and research. Their applicability to future fluids has not
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
been determined.
cal Insulating Liquids
1.2 The scope of some of the methods listed here apply to
D 1218 Test Method for Refractive Index and Refractive
petroleum oils, but have been found suitable for synthetic
Dispersion of Hydrocarbon Liquids
fluids.
D 1298 Practice for Density, Relative Density (Specific
1.3 For polybutene fluids refer to Specification D 2296.
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
1.4 For silicone fluids refer to Methods D 2225.
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
1.5 A list of properties and standards are as follows:
D 1533 Test Methods for Water in Insulating Liquids (Karl
Property Measured Section ASTM Test Method
Fischer Reaction Method)
Physical:
Coefficient of thermal expansion 6 D 1903
D 1807 Test Methods for Refractive Index and Specific
Flash point 7 D 92
Optical Dispersion of Electrical Insulating Liquids
Pour point 8 D 97
D 1903 Test Method for Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
Refractive index 9 D 1218
Specific gravity 10 D 1298
of Electrical Insulating Liquids of Petroleum Origin, and
Viscosity 11 D 445
Askarels
Chemical:
D 2225 Test Methods for Silicone Fluids Used for Electrical
Acid number 12 D 664
Water content 13 D 1533
Insulation
Electrical:
D 2296 Specification for Continuity of Quality of Electrical
Relative permittivity 14 D 924
Dielectric strength 15 D 877 Insulating Polybutene Oil for Capacitors
Dissipation factor 16 D 924
D 2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liq-
uids and Gases
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology Definitions
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 coeffıcient of thermal expansion—the increase in vol-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ume per unit volume per degree change in temperature. It is
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
commonly stated as the average coefficient over a given
temperature range.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 flash point—the temperature at which vapors above the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
oil surface first ignite when a small test flame is passed across
D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
2 the surface under specific conditions.
Open Cup
3.3 pour point—the lowest temperature expressed as a
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
multiple of 5°F (or 3°C), at which the oil is observed to flow
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
when cooled, and examined under prescribed conditions.
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
3.4 refractive index—the ratio of the velocity of light (of a
Viscosity)
specified wave length) in air at 25°C to its velocity in the
D 664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
substance under test.
by Potentiometric Titration
3.5 specific gravity—the ratio of weight of a given volume
of liquid to the weight of an equal volume of water. In this
These methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-27 on method, both weights are corrected to weight in vacuum, and
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and are the direct responsibility of
the material is at 25°C using hydrometers calibrated at 60/60°F.
Subcommittee D27.02on Gases and Synthetic Liquids.
Current edition approved July 27, 1979. Published September 1979.
2 3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03.
D 3809
3.6 total acid number—the quantity of base, expressed in an indication of the temperature below which it may not be
milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) that are required to possible to extract the fluid from its container.
titrate all acidic constituents present in 1 g of sample. 8.1.1 The pour point is important as an index of the lowest
3.7 viscosity—the resistance of a fluid to a uniformly temperature to which the material may be cooled without
continuous flow, without turbulence, inertia, or other forces. seriously limiting the degree of circulation of the fluid.
The viscosity is usually measured by the time of flow of a 8.2 Procedure—Determine the pour point in accordance
given quantity of fluid under controlled conditions. with Test Method D 97.
3.8 water content—the total quantity of water (expressed in
9. Refractive Index
parts per million by weight) in the fluid.
9.1 Significance—The refractive index is useful in the
3.9 For additional terms refer to Terminology D 2864.
detection of various types of contamination or in the identifi-
4. Significance and Use
cation of the molecular makeup of a synthetic insulating fluid.
4.1 Certain synthetic dielectric fluids are used in the manu- 9.2 Procedure—Determine the refractive index in accor-
facture of capacitors because of their chemical, thermal, and dance with Test Method D 1218.
electrical properties as well as their environmental acceptabil-
10. Specific Gravity
ity.
10.1 Significance—Synthetic fluids are usually sold on a
4.2 Properties of a synthetic dielectric fluid differ from those
weight basis. The values f
...