ASTM A255-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel
Standard Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method covers the procedure for determining the hardenability of steel by the end-quench or Jominy test. The test consists of water quenching one end of a cylindrical test specimen 1.0 in. in diameter and measuring the hardening response as a function of the distance from the quenched end.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the identification and description of test methods for determining the hardenability of steels. The two test methods include the quantitative end-quench or Jominy Test and a method for calculating the hardenability of steel from the chemical composition based on the original work by M. A. Grossman.
1.2 The selection of the test method to be used for determining the hardenability of a given steel shall be agreed upon between the supplier and user. The Certified Material Test Report shall state the method of hardenability determination.
1.3 The calculation method described in these test methods is applicable only to the range of chemical compositions that follow:
1.4 Hardenability is a measure of the depth to which steel will harden when quenched from its austenitizing temperature (). It is measured quantitatively, usually by noting the extent or depth of hardening of a standard size and shape of test specimen in a standardized quench. In the end-quench test the depth of hardening is the distance along the specimen from the quenched end which correlates to a given hardness level.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 255 – 07
Standard Test Methods for
1
Determining Hardenability of Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 255; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 These test methods cover the identification and descrip-
tion of test methods for determining the hardenability of steels.
2. Referenced Documents
The two test methods include the quantitative end-quench or
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Jominy Test and a method for calculating the hardenability of
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic
steelfromthechemicalcompositionbasedontheoriginalwork
Materials
by M. A. Grossman.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
1.2 The selection of the test method to be used for deter-
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
mining the hardenability of a given steel shall be agreed upon
3
ASTM Hardenability Chart
between the supplier and user. The Certified Material Test
Report shall state the method of hardenability determination.
END-QUENCH OR JOMINY TEST
1.3 The calculation method described in these test methods
is applicable only to the range of chemical compositions that
3. Description
follow:
3.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining
Element Range, %
thehardenabilityofsteelbytheend-quenchorJominytest.The
test consists of water quenching one end of a cylindrical test
Carbon 0.10–0.70
Manganese 0.50–1.65
specimen 1.0 in. in diameter and measuring the hardening
Silicon 0.15–0.60
response as a function of the distance from the quenched end.
Nickel 1.50 max
Chromium 1.35 max
4. Apparatus
Molybdenum 0.55 max
Copper 0.35 max
4.1 Support for Test Specimen—Afixture for supporting the
Vanadium 0.20 max
test specimen vertically so that the lower end of the specimen
1.4 Hardenability is a measure of the depth to which steel
is a distance of 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) above the orifice of the
will harden when quenched from its austenitizing temperature
water-quenching device. A satisfactory type of support for the
(Table 1). It is measured quantitatively, usually by noting the
standard 1.0-in. (25.4-mm) specimen is shown in Fig. 1.
extentordepthofhardeningofastandardsizeandshapeoftest
NOTE 1—Asuitable support for other sizes and shapes of specimens is
specimen in a standardized quench. In the end-quench test the
shown in Fig. X1.1.
depth of hardening is the distance along the specimen from the
4.2 Water-Quenching Device—A water-quenching device
quenched end which correlates to a given hardness level.
of suitable capacity to provide a vertical stream of water that
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
canbecontrolledtoaheightof2.5in.(63.5mm)whenpassing
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
through an orifice 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter. A tank of
information only.
sufficient capacity to maintain the water temperature require-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ments of 6.3 with a small pump and control valves will be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
3
1
Subcommittee A01.15 on Bars. Standard ASTM Hardenability Charts (8 ⁄2 by 11 in. pads of 50 charts) are
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originally available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJA0255.
e1
approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A 255 – 02 . Original adjunct produced in 1945.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 255–07
A
TABLE 1 Normalizing and Austenitizing Temperatures
6.2 Heating—Place the specimen in a furnace that is at the
Normalizing Austenitizing specified austenitizing temperature (Table 1) and hold at this
Steel Series Ordered Carbon Temperature, Temperature,
temperature for 30 min. In production testing slightly longer
Content, max, % °F (°C) °F (°C)
times up t
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.