ASTM E1916-97(2004)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Identification and/or Segregation of Mixed Lots of Metals
Standard Guide for Identification and/or Segregation of Mixed Lots of Metals
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Equipment and procedures described in this guide are comparative methods and are intended for identification or segregation, or both, of pieces or lots of metals that were mixed or lost their identity during certain manufacturing operations. It is presumed that all pieces or lots of metal have been previously checked and did meet applicable specifications.
The equipment and procedures described in this guide may also be suitable for identifying or segregating, or both, scrap metals.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the identification or segregation, or both, of mixed metal lots under plant condition using trained plant personnel.
1.2 The identification is not intended to have the accuracy and reliability of procedures performed in a laboratory using laboratory equipment under optimum conditions, and performed by trained chemists or technicians. The identification is not intended to establish whether a given piece or lot of metal meets specifications.
1.3 Segregation of certain metal combinations is not always possible with procedures provided in this guide and can be subject to errors.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E1916 – 97 (Reapproved 2004)
Standard Guide for
Identification and/or Segregation of Mixed Lots of Metals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1916; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope orlosttheiridentityduringcertainmanufacturingoperations.It
is presumed that all pieces or lots of metal have been
1.1 This guide covers the identification or segregation, or
previously checked and did meet applicable specifications.
both, of mixed metal lots under plant condition using trained
3.2 The equipment and procedures described in this guide
plant personnel.
may also be suitable for identifying or segregating, or both,
1.2 The identification is not intended to have the accuracy
scrap metals.
and reliability of procedures performed in a laboratory using
laboratory equipment under optimum conditions, and per-
4. Equipment
formed by trained chemists or technicians.The identification is
4.1 Optical Emission Spectroscopic or Spectrometric
not intended to establish whether a given piece or lot of metal
Equipment:
meets specifications.
4.1.1 Bench type spectroscopes generally with two sample
1.3 Segregation of certain metal combinations is not always
tables and a split viewing field where the spectrum of the
possible with procedures provided in this guide and can be
unknownpiececanbevisuallyanddirectlycomparedtothatof
subject to errors.
a piece of identified metal.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1.2 Mobile spectrometric equipment with a remote sam-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pling device. Two types of such units are described in 4.1.2.1
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and 4.1.2.2.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1.2.1 Unitswheretheparticlesremovedbyanarcorspark
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
in the remote sampling device are conveyed to the main unit in
2. Referenced Documents a stream of inert gas and analyzed in the unit in a conventional
way with an arc, spark, or plasma.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.2.2 Unitswherethelightgeneratedfromthearcorspark
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
at the remote sampling device is conveyed to the main unit
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
with fiberoptics, where it is analyzed in the conventional way.
Related Materials
(a) These units generally are programmed to produce an
E977 Practice for Thermoelectric Sorting of Electrically
outputthat:(1)showsthedesignationofthealloy,(2)givesthe
Conductive Materials
approximate elemental composition of the alloy, or (3) gives a
2.2 Other ASTM Documents and Publications:
“go” or “no-go” indication based on parameters programmed
STP 98 Symposium for Rapid Identification of Metal, June
by the operator.
28, 1949
(b) These units require careful calibration and depend on the
3. Significance and Use
quality and range of the reference materials used for the
calibration.
3.1 Equipment and procedures described in this guide are
4.2 X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometric Equipment:
comparative methods and are intended for identification or
4.2.1 The portable and mobile units are supplied with a
segregation,orboth,ofpiecesorlotsofmetalsthatweremixed
source of radiation that can be an X-ray tube or radioactive
isotopes, generally a mixture of two or more isotopes to
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
provide a larger spectrum coverage.
Chemistry of Metals, Ores and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
4.2.1.1 Theseunitsaregenerallyprogrammedtoproducean
Subcommittee E01.20 on Fundamental Practices.
outputthat:(1)showsthedesignationofthealloy,(2)givesthe
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as E1916-97. DOI:
approximate elemental composition of the alloy, or (3) gives a
10.1520/E1916-97R04.
“go” or “no-go” indication based on parameters programmed
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
by the operator (see 4.1.2.2(b)).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 4.3 Miscellaneous Sorting Instruments:
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E1916 – 97 (2004)
4.3.1 Allinstrumentsbasedoncomparativemethodsrequire 6.3.1 Where the reference materials are to be used to
careful calibration with appropriate reference materials. calibrate instruments based on eddy-current, the size and shape
4.3.2 Thermoelectric Comparators—Instruments are based of the reference sample should be identical in size, shape, and
on the Seeback Effect. These instruments are not for identifi- of the test pieces.
cation of alloys, but for segregation of one metal alloy from 6.4 Reference materials should also be used for chemical
another (See Practice E977 and Materials Research and Stan- spot checks.They should have a considerable surface area, and
dards ). the surface finish should match that of the pieces to be tested.
4.3.3 Eddy-current Instrumentation—These instruments are
not for identification of alloys, but for segregation of identical
7. Hazards
pieces of metal of identical shape and size based on their
7.1 When using grinding wheels, regardless of whether they
metallurgical condition or alloy composition under certain
are used for surface preparation or for identification of metals
circumstances.
by spark testing, proper eye protection should be used at all
4.4 Non-Instrumental Sorting Equipment:
times.
4.4.1 Grinder—High speed bench or portable grindstones
7.2 Manufacturer’s safety instructions regarding spectro-
are frequently used for rough identification and sorting of
scopic, spectrometric, and other equipment using electric
metals by observation of the shape and color of the generated
current should be carefully followed.
spark.
7.2.1 Proper grounding is especially important for electrical
4.4.2 Drill Press—for identification of drill cuttings by
equi
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