ASTM C1146-09(2013)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Prefabricated Panel and H–bar Insulation Systems for Vessels, Ducts and Equipment Operating at Temperatures Above Ambient Air
Standard Guide for Prefabricated Panel and H–bar Insulation Systems for Vessels, Ducts and Equipment Operating at Temperatures Above Ambient Air
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this guide is to ensure that a functional system will result when considering the use of prefabricated panel or H-bar insulation systems. Both systems require a varying degree of pre-engineering and prefabrication so that the insulation will produce the specified thermal, mechanical and environmental design requirements Both the prefabricated panels and H-bar systems which can also be used in combination with each other are to be designed to:
4.1.1 Limit loss of heat from insulated surface.
4.1.2 Limit exposed surface temperatures for burn protection of personnel.
4.1.3 Maintain optimum temperatures of the insulated equipment at or above a specified minimum value required for the proper operation of the equipment.
4.1.4 Produce a system or assembly that is designed to provide allowance for thermal expansion; is structurally adequate; is of a weathertight construction; and incorporates design features that promote efficient removal for inspection, repair and maintenance where required.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes design, fabrication, shipping, handling, jobsite storage, and installation of prefabricated panel and H-Bar insulation systems for vessels, ducts, and equipment operating at temperatures above ambient. Typical applications include, but are not limited to, air and gas ducts, steam generating units, air quality control systems, fans, storage tanks, process vessels, and coke drums
1.2 The insulation described herein is limited to systems consisting of insulating units specially designed to fit the surfaces to be insulated, and engineered for the service and environmental requirements. The insulation unit may also include special design features which facilitate the removal and replacement for maintenance and inspection.
1.3 When prefabricated panels are used, each insulation unit factory preassembled and typically comprised of the insulation, an outer lagging to which the insulation is attached, an inner retaining wire mesh, optional foil lining, and means for mechanically securing multiple units together in an assembly.
1.4 H-bar systems represent insulation units that are typically comprised of the insulation, outer lagging and a uniquely configured subgirt design which both supports the insulation and provides a means for mechanically securing multiple units together in an assembly. The design of the subgirt creates an “H” configuration which is fabricated from light gauge sheet metal. The subgirt components consist of: (1) a “J-bar” shape which frames the perimeter edges of the surface to be insulated, holds the insulation in place along the outer edge and provides a screen attachment point for the outer lagging; (2) the “H-bar” shape is placed at defined intervals. The web section of the “H-bar” supports the insulation while the exterior flange allows for the outer lagging to be attached with threaded fasteners.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—When prefabricated panel or H-Bar insulation systems are specified, Test Methods C167, C177 and C1061, Material Specifications A36/A36M, A463/A463M, B209, C612, and Terminology C168 should be considered.
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Designation: C1146 − 09 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Guide for
Prefabricated Panel and H–bar Insulation Systems for
Vessels, Ducts and Equipment Operating at Temperatures
Above Ambient Air
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1146; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
1.1 This guide describes design, fabrication, shipping,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
handling, jobsite storage, and installation of prefabricated
and are not considered standard.
panel and H-Bar insulation systems for vessels, ducts, and
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
equipment operating at temperatures above ambient. Typical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
applications include, but are not limited to, air and gas ducts,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
steam generating units, air quality control systems, fans,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
storage tanks, process vessels, and coke drums
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 The insulation described herein is limited to systems
NOTE 1—When prefabricated panel or H-Bar insulation systems are
consisting of insulating units specially designed to fit the
specified, Test Methods C167, C177 and C1061, Material Specifications
surfaces to be insulated, and engineered for the service and
A36/A36M, A463/A463M, B209, C612, and Terminology C168 should
environmental requirements. The insulation unit may also
be considered.
includespecialdesignfeatureswhichfacilitatetheremovaland
2. Referenced Documents
replacement for maintenance and inspection.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 When prefabricated panels are used, each insulation unit
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
factorypreassembledandtypicallycomprisedoftheinsulation,
A463/A463M Specification for Steel Sheet, Aluminum-
an outer lagging to which the insulation is attached, an inner
Coated, by the Hot-Dip Process
retaining wire mesh, optional foil lining, and means for
B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy
mechanically securing multiple units together in an assembly.
Sheet and Plate
1.4 H-bar systems represent insulation units that are typi-
C167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket or
cally comprised of the insulation, outer lagging and a uniquely
Batt Thermal Insulations
configured subgirt design which both supports the insulation
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
and provides a means for mechanically securing multiple units
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
together in an assembly. The design of the subgirt creates an
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
“H” configuration which is fabricated from light gauge sheet
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
metal. The subgirt components consist of: (1) a “J-bar” shape
C612 Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board
which frames the perimeter edges of the surface to be
Thermal Insulation
insulated,holdstheinsulationinplacealongtheouteredgeand
C1061 Test Method for Thermal Transmission Properties of
providesascreenattachmentpointfortheouterlagging; (2)the
Non-Homogeneous Insulation Panels Installed Vertically
“H-bar”shapeisplacedatdefinedintervals.Thewebsectionof 3
(Withdrawn 1995)
the “H-bar” supports the insulation while the exterior flange
3. Terminology
allows for the outer lagging to be attached with threaded
fasteners.
3.1 Terminology C168 shall be considered as applying to
the terms in this specification.
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on Insulation contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Systems. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2013. Published January 2014. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1146 – 09. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/C1146-09R13. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1146 − 09 (2013)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: the insulation will produce the specified thermal, mechanical
3.2.1 convection barrier (flue stop)—barriers to internal air and environmental design requirements Both the prefabricated
panels and H-bar systems which can also be used in combina-
flow sometimes refered to as “chimney effect”) which are
placed between the inner liner and the hot surface being tion with each other are to be designed to:
insulated. The barriers are generally a combination of sheet
4.1.1 Limit loss of heat from insulated surface.
metal and with the insulation material mechanically attached.
4.1.2 Limit exposed surface temperatures for burn protec-
Convection barriers are required when the insulation is not in
tion of personnel.
direct contact with the plate surface and only on vertical and
4.1.3 Maintain optimum temperatures of the insulated
sloping surfaces of less than 45º incline.
equipment at or above a specified minimum value required for
3.2.2 flashing—sheet metal of the same material as the
the proper operation of the equipment.
lagging, used to cover openings in the insulation typically
4.1.4 Produce a system or assembly that is designed to
occurring at locations, such as corners, penetrations framing of
provide allowance for thermal expansion; is structurally ad-
doors and closures. Flashing may be fixed (permanent) or
equate; is of a weathertight construction; and incorporates
removable to allow for inspection and maintenance, that is,
design features that promote efficient removal for inspection,
expansion joints.
repair and maintenance where required.
3.2.3 inner liner—the innermost surface or cover of the
5. Panel Design Specifications for Prefabricated Panel
prefabricated panel (closest to the hot surface) composed of
and H-bar Systems
reflective aluminum foil and wire mesh.
3.2.4 insulation—essentially homogenous insulation, gener-
5.1 General:
ally in semi-rigid board from and, in which relevant properties
5.1.1 The purchase specification should clearly indicate the
arenotafunctionofpositionwithinthematerialitself,butmay
surfaces to be insulated. Either insulation type and thickness or
be a function of such variables as time and temperature.
average heat loss requirements shall be part of the specifica-
tion.
3.2.5 lagging—the outermost cover or sheet of the prefab-
ricated panel or H–bar system (farthest from the hot surface), 5.1.2 The purchase specification should clearly indicate the
which performs a structural function as well as provides
operating temperature of the item to be insulated. When up-set
protection from weather and mechanical abuse. The lagging is or worst-case temperature conditions are to be considered, the
generally fabricated from corrugated, ribbed, or flat sheet;
maximum temperature excursion and time duration should be
smooth or stucco-embossed; mill finish or painted; clad or stated.
non-clad.
5.1.3 Heat loss through uninsulated surfaces, or increased
heat loss that results when it is necessary to reduce insulation
3.2.6 penetrations—openings through a unit of insulation
thickness to accommodate localized interferences with
from the hot plate surface through to the exterior cold surface.
equipment, supports, hangers, etc., should be considered in the
Penetrations such as test ports should be covered with remov-
overall insulation design.
able insulation assemblies. The insulation thickness should be
equal to the surface being insulated. 5.1.4 Conduction paths which produce high heat on exterior
lagging or “cold spots” on plate interior and are attributed to
3.2.7 retaining devices
the insulation subgrit design should be minimized. The use of
3.2.7.1 prefabricated panels—metallic members passing
“through-fasteners” or bolts where protruding heads can occur
through the insulation between the hot surface and the cold
should be kept to a minimum. There should be no “rattling” or
surface. Generally, these include: pins, prongs, or other accept-
“free-play” of the exterior lagging.
able means used and secured with washers and speed clips to
5.1.5 Convection barriers (flue stops) are typically installed
hold the assembly together.
at 12 to 15 ft (3657 to 4572 mm) vertical centers as well as to
3.2.7.2 H-bar systems—H-bar systems includes retaining
close off the corners of plate surfaces. The materials generally
devices such as a backing strap or expanded metal between the
consist of sheet metal welded to plate surfaces and covered
H-bar. These devices are placed midway between the insula-
withinsulationofthesamethicknessthatisusedtoinsulatethe
tion boards and provide support on wall applications. On top of
exterior envelope. The insulation is secured to the metal
surfaces, the H-bar retaining device may be either expanded
convection barrier through use of pins and washers. When
metal or a corrugated inner-liner to hold the insulation in the
installed, the insulated convection barrier should produce a
H-bar track
tight fit all around; including into the web
...
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