ASTM F1696-96
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Single-Rack Hot Water Sanitizing, Door Type Commerical Dishwashing Machines
Standard Test Method for Energy Performance of Single-Rack Hot Water Sanitizing, Door Type Commerical Dishwashing Machines
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the energy consumption of single-rack, hot water sanitizing, door-type commercial dishwashers (hereafter referred to as dishwashers). This includes under the counter single rack, hot water sanitizing, door type commerical dishwashing machines. This test method excludes single temperature door-type machines. Dishwasher tank heaters are evaluated separately from the booster heater. Dishwashers may have a remote or self-contained booster heater. This test method does not address cleaning and sanitizing performance.
1.2 The following procedures are included in this test method:
1.2.1 Procedures to Confirm Dishwasher is Operating Properly Prior to Performance Testing:
1.2.1.1 Maximum energy input rate of the tank heaters (see 10.2).
1.2.1.2 Maximum energy input rate of the booster heater, if applicable (see 10.3).
1.2.1.3 Water consumption calibration (see 10.4).
1.2.1.4 Booster temperature calibration, if applicable (see 10.5).
1.2.1.5 Wash tank temperature calibration (see 10.6).
1.2.2 Energy Usage and Cycle Rate Performance Tests:
1.2.2.1 Washing energy test (10.7).
1.2.2.2 Tank heater idle energy rate (door(s) open and door(s) closed) (See 10.8).
1.2.2.3 Booster idle energy rate, if provided (see 10.9).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: F 1696 – 96
Standard Test Method for
Energy Performance of Single-Rack Hot Water Sanitizing,
Door-Type Commercial Dishwashing Machines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1696; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F 857 Specification for Heat Sanitizing Commercial Dish-
washing Machines, Stationary Rack Type
1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of the energy
2.2 NSF Standards:
consumption of single-rack, hot water sanitizing, door-type
NSF, Listings Food Equipment and Related Products, Com-
commercial dishwashers (hereafter referred to as dishwashers).
ponents and Materials
This includes under the counter single rack, hot water sanitiz-
Standard Number 3 Commercial Spray-Type Dishwashing
ing, door type commercial dishwashing machines. This test
Machines
method excludes single temperature door-type machines. Dish-
2.3 ASHRAE Document:
washer tank heaters are evaluated separately from the booster
ASHRAE Guideline 2-1986 (RA90) Engineering Analysis
heater. Dishwashers may have a remote or self-contained
of Experimental Data
booster heater. This test method does not address cleaning or
sanitizing performance.
3. Terminology
1.2 The following procedures are included in this test
3.1 Definitions:
method:
3.1.1 booster heater, n—water heater for taking supply hot
1.2.1 Procedures to Confirm Dishwasher is Operating
water (typically 140°F) up to 180°F for sanitizing rinse; the
Properly Prior to Performance Testing:
booster heater may be separate from dishwasher or integral.
1.2.1.1 Maximum energy input rate of the tank heaters (see
3.1.2 dishload, n—a peg type, polypropylene dishrack of a
10.2).
specified weight, loaded with ten 9-in. plates of a specified
1.2.1.2 Maximum energy input rate of the booster heater, if
weight, used to put a thermal load on the dishwasher during the
applicable (see 10.3).
washing energy test.
1.2.1.3 Water consumption calibration (see 10.4).
3.1.3 dishwasher, n—for this test method, a heat-sanitizing
1.2.1.4 Booster temperature calibration, if applicable (see
commercial, single rack, door-type dishwasher.
10.5).
3.1.4 uncertainty, n—measure of systematic and precision
1.2.1.5 Wash tank temperature calibration (see 10.6).
errors in specified instrumentation or measure of repeatability
1.2.2 Energy Usage and Cycle Rate Performance Tests:
of a reported test result.
1.2.2.1 Washing energy test (10.7).
1.2.2.2 Tank heater idle energy rate (door(s) open and
4. Summary of Test Method
door(s) closed) (see 10.8).
4.1 The maximum energy input rate of the tank heater and
1.2.2.3 Booster idle energy rate, if provided (see 10.9).
the booster heater is determined to check whether the dish-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
washer is operating at the manufacturer’s rated input. If the
as standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for informa-
measured input rate is not within 5 % of the rated input, all
tion only.
further testing ceases and the manufacturer is contacted. The
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
manufacturer may make appropriate changes or adjustments to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the dishwasher.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
NOTE 1—It is the intent of the testing procedure herein to evaluate the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. performance of a dishwasher at its rated gas pressure or electric voltage.
If an electric unit is rated dual voltage (that is, designed to operate at either
2. Referenced Documents 208 or 240 V with no change in components), the voltage selected by the
manufacturer or tester, or both, shall be reported. If an dishwasher is
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-26 on Food Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.07.
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 on NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-0140.
Cleaning and Sanitation Equipment. Available from the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air
Current edition approved April 10, 1996. Published July 1996. Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1696
3 3
designed to operate at two voltages without a change in the resistance of
a resolution of 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and a maximum uncertainty
the heating elements, the performance of the unit (for example, recovery
of 1 % of the measured value.
time) may differ at the two voltages.
6.4 Pressure Gage, for measuring the pressure of steam to
4.2 The wash tank and booster temperature are calibrated to
steam coils. It shall have a resolution of 0.5 psig (3.4 kPa) and
the manufacturer’s recommendations.
a maximum uncertainty of 1 % of the measured value.
4.3 The water consumption is adjusted per the manufactur-
6.5 Canopy Exhaust Hood, mounted in agreement with
er’s recommendations. The pressure regulator valve is adjusted
manufacturer’s requirements and operating at a nominal 300 to
to 20 6 1 psi and the water consumption measured. If this is
500 cfm ventilation rate or in accordance with the manufac-
not within 60.15 GPM of the NSF rating or the manufacturer’s
turer’s recommendation, if applicable. Report the ventilation
rating if not listed to NSF standards, then the manufacturer
rate.
shall be contacted.
6.6 Pressure Gage, for monitoring natural gas pressure. It
4.4 The tank heater energy rate is determined at idle, that is,
shall have a range of 0 to 10 in. H O (0 to 2.5 kPa), a resolution
when the tank temperature is being maintained, but no washing
of 0.1 in. H O (125 Pa), and a maximum uncertainty of 1 % of
is taking place. This test is run both with the door(s) closed and
the measured value.
with the door(s) left open.
6.7 Temperature Sensor, for measuring natural gas tempera-
4.5 The booster heater idle energy rate is determined.
ture in the range of 50°F to 100°F (10 to 40°C), with a
4.6 The dishwasher and booster energy consumption per
resolution of 0.5°F (0.3°C) and an uncertainty of 61°F
rack of dishes is determined by washing 10 racks loaded with
(0.5°C).
a specified quantity of dishes.
6.8 Barometer, for measuring absolute atmospheric pres-
sure, to be used for adjustment of measured natural gas volume
5. Significance and Use
to standard conditions. It shall have a resolution of 0.2 in. Hg
5.1 The maximum energy input rate test is used to confirm
(670 Pa) and an uncertainty of 0.2 in. Hg (670 Pa).
that the dishwasher is operating at the manufacturer’s rated
6.9 Flow Meter, for measuring water consumption of the
input prior to further testing. This test would also indicate any
dishwasher. It shall have a resolution of 0.01 gal (40 mL), and
problems with the electric power supply, gas service pressure,
an uncertainty of 0.01 gal (40 mL), at flow rate as low as 0.2
or steam supply flow or pressure.
gpm (13 mL/s).
5.2 The tank and booster temperature, as well as water
6.10 Stop Watch, with a 0.1-s resolution.
consumption are adjusted to NSF specifications to ensure that
6.11 Analytical Balance Scale, or equivalent, for measuring
the test is applied to a properly functioning dishwasher.
weight of dishes and dish racks used in the dish-load energy
5.3 Because much of a dishwasher’s operating period is
test. It shall have a resolution of 0.01 lb (5 g) and an
spent in the idle condition, tank heater and booster idle energy
uncertainty of 0.01 lb (5 g).
consumption rate is an important part of predicting an end
6.12 Calibrated Exposed Junction Thermocouple Probes,
user’s energy consumption. The test is run with the door(s)
with a range from −20°F to 400°F (−30 to 200°C), with a
open and with the door(s) closed, so that the energy use of both
resolution of 0.2°F (0.1°C) and an uncertainty of 1.0°F (0.5°C),
end-user behaviors can be characterized.
for measuring tank temperature and booster and dishwasher
5.4 A washing energy test generates an energy per rack
inlet temperature. Calibrated Type K Z4 GA thermocouple wire
usage. This is useful both as a measure for comparing the
with stainless steel sheath and ceramic insulation is the
energy performance of one dishwasher to another and as a
recommended choice for booster and dishwasher inlet tempera-
predictor of an end users energy consumption.
ture. The thermocouple probe can be fed through a compres-
6. Apparatus
sion fitting so as to submerse the exposed junction in the
booster and dishwasher inlets.
6.1 One or Two Wh Meters, for measuring the electrical
6.13 Dishracks, 12, Metro Mdl P2MO, 20 in. by 20 in., peg
energy consumption of the tank heaters, pump motor, and
type, commercial, or acceptable equivalent. They shall weigh
booster heater (if applicable), shall have a resolution of at least
4.6 6 0.1 lb and are used in the washing energy test.
10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 1.5 % of the
6.14 Plates, 100, 9 in., ceramic-glazed, weighing an average
measured value for any demand greater than 100 W. For any
of 1.3 6 0.05 lb each. If plates, meeting this criteria cannot be
demand less than 100 W, the meter shall have a resolution of at
obtained, then it will be necessary to acquire saucers, as
least 10 Wh and a maximum uncertainty no greater than 10 %.
specified in 6.15. See 9.11 prior to obtaining these plates.
6.2 One or Two Gas Meters, for measuring the gas con-
sumption of tank heater or booster heater, or both, shall have a
NOTE 2—Inter-Americant Mdl #132 are within the specified weight
3 3
resolution of at least 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and a maximum
range and are inexpensive.
uncertainty no greater than 1 % of the measured value for any
3 3
6.15 Saucers, 20, ceramic-glazed, weighing less than 0.5 lb
demand greater than 2.2 ft /h (0.06 m /h). If the meter is used
each. See 9.11 for an explanation of why these may be
for measuring the gas consumed by the pilot lights, it shall
3 3
required.
have a resolution of a least 0.01 ft /(0.0003 m ) and have a
3 3
maximum error of at least 0.01 ft (0.0003 m ) and have a
maximum error no greater than 2 % of the measured value.
6.3 One or Two Steam Flow Meters, for measuring the flow 5
Available from Keystone Restaurant Supply, 491 W. San Carlos St., San Jose,
of steam to tank heaters and or booster heater. They shall have CA 95110.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1696
6.16 Surface Temperature Thermocouple Probe, for measur- 9.10 Install a temperature sensor (see 6.12) in the dish-
ing the plate temperature. Resolution and uncertainty shall be washer rinse water inlet, and in the booster inlet. The sensors
the same as in 6.12. should be installed with the probe immersed in the water.
NOTE 3—Install the thermocouple probes described in 6.12 into the
7. Materials
water inlets for dishwasher rinse and booster. The thermocouple probe
7.1 As specified in 6.13, the dishracks must be made of
shall be installed so that the thermocouple is immersed in the incoming
polypropylene. This is required because the test method
water. A compression fitting should be installed first into the plumbing for
both inlets. A junction fitting may be installed in the plumbing line that
assumes a specific heat of 0.39 Btu/lb°F. One verification that
would be compatible with the compression fitting.
a rack is polypropylene is if it has the recycling symbol 6x5 on
it (and the letters “PP” below it).
9.11 Preparation of Dish-Loads:
9.11.1 This section describes preparation of ten dishloads
8. Sampling
and two empty racks to be used in the washing energy test.
8.1 Dishwasher—A representative production model shall
9.11.2 An important feature of the washing energy test is
be selected for performance testing.
that every dishwasher is subjected to the same thermal load. To
accomplish this, the tester must control some of the factors that
9. Preparation of Apparatus
affect the thermal load. These factors are:
9.1 Install the dishwasher in accordance with the manufac-
9.11.2.1 the total weight of the dishes,
turer’s instructions under a 3-ft by 3-ft canopy exhaust hood,
9.11.2.2 the weight of the (empty) racks, and
operating at a nominal ventilation rate of 300 to 500 cfm or in
9.11.2.3 the initial temperature of the dishes and racks.
accordance with manufacturer’s recommendation, if appli-
9.11.3 The weight of the racks is specified in 6.13 as 4.6 lb
cable. The associated heating or cooling system shall be
or greater. If they weigh more than 4.6 lb, trim away material
capable of maintaining an ambient temperature of 75 6 5°F
until they weigh 4.6 6 0.1 lb. To see what parts of the rack are
within the testing environment when the exhaust ventilation
not needed for the test and may therefore be trimmed, it may be
system is working and the appliance is being operated.
desirable to load the rack as they will be used during the test.
9.2 Install the booster heater (if it is not integral to the
The loading is explained in 9.11.4 and 9.11.5.
dishwasher) in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommen-
9.11.4 Prepare ten dishloads as described in this and the
dations. The pipe from the booster outlet to the dishwasher
following step (9.11.5). The ten dishloads must have 13.06 0.5
inlet shall be minimized, and shall be wrapped with ⁄2-in.
lb of plates. Ideally, this simply requires ten 9-in. plates. If the
insulation along its entire length.
total weight of the ten 9-in. plates does not fall within the
9.3 Connect the booster to a supply of water that is within
range, then use the saucers to adjust the total weight. A
63°F of its rated input temperature (not to exceed 140 6 3°F).
maximum of two saucers can be added per rack.
9.4 Connect the dishwasher and booster to calibrated energy
9.11.5 Space the plates and saucers evenly on the racks.
test meters. The dishwasher and booster may be monitored as
9.11.6 The bulk temperature of the dishloads must be 75 6
one energy load, but it is preferable to monitor them separately.
2°F. This can be accomplished by stor
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