ASTM D1687-92(1996)

Standard Test Methods for Chromium in Water

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of hexavalent and total chromium in water. Three test methods are included.  Concentration Sections Range Test Method A---Photometric Diphenyl- 0.01 to 0.5 7 to 15 carbohydrazide mg/L Test Method B---Atomic Absorption, Di- 0.1 to 10 16 to 24 rect mg/L Test Method C---Atomic Absorption, 5 to 100 25 to 33 Graphite Furnace [mu]g/L
1.2 Test Method A is a photometric method that measures dissolved hexavalent chromium only. Test Methods B and C are atomic absorption methods that are generally applicable to the determination of dissolved or total recoverable chromium in water without regard to valence state.  
1.3 Test Method A has been used successfully with reagent grade water Types I, II, and III, tap water, 10% NaCl solution, treated water from a synthetic organic industrial plant that meets NPDES permit requirements, and EPA-extraction procedure leachate water, process water, lake water, effluent treatment, that is, lime neutralization and precipitation of spent pickle liquor and associated rinse water from stainless steel pickling. Test Method C has been used successfully with reagent water, stock scrubber water, lake water, filtered tap water, river water, well water, production plant water, and a condensate from a medium BTU coal gasification process. Matrices used, except for reagent water, are not available for Test Method B. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of these test methods for waters of untested matrices.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. >For specific precautionary statements, see 4.2 and Note 5.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1995
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.05 - Inorganic Constituents in Water

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1687-02 - Standard Test Methods for Chromium in Water
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or
withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 1687 – 92 (Reapproved 1996)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chromium in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1687; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. Consult the DoD Index of Specifications and
Standards for the specific year of issue which has been adopted by the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of hexava-
2
D 858 Test Methods for Manganese in Water
lent and total chromium in water. Three test methods are
2
D 1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
included as follows:
D 1068 Test Methods for Iron in Wate
2
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water
Concentration Sections
D 1192 Specification for Equipment for Sampling Water
Range
2
Test Method A—Photometric Diphenyl- 0.01 to 0.5 7-15
and Steam in Closed Conduits
carbohydrazide mg/L
2
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Test Method B—Atomic Absorption, Di- 0.1 to 10 16-24
2
D 1688 Test Methods for Copper in Water
rect mg/L
2
Test Method C—Atomic Absorption, 5to100 25-33
D 1691 Test Methods for Zinc in Water
Graphite Furnace μg/L
2
D 1886 Test Methods for Nickel in Water
D 3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Con-
1.2 Test Method A is a photometric method that measures
2
duits
dissolved hexavalent chromium only. Test Methods B and C
2
D 3557 Test Methods for Cadmium in Water
are atomic absorption methods that are generally applicable to
2
D 3558 Test Methods for Cobalt in Water
the determination of dissolved or total recoverable chromium
2
D 3559 Test Methods for Lead in Water
in water without regard to valence state.
D 4691 Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame
1.3 Test Method A has been used successfully with reagent
2
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
grade water Types I, II, and III, tap water, 10 % NaCl solution,
D 4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
treated water from a synthetic organic industrial plant that
2
Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
meets NPDES permit requirements, and EPA-extraction pro-
E 60 Practice for Photometric and Spectrophotometric
cedure leachate water, process water, lake water, effluent
3
Methods for Chemical Analyses of Metals
treatment, that is, lime neutralization and precipitation of spent
E 275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance
pickle liquor and associated rinse water from stainless steel
of Ultraviolet, Visible, and Near Infrared Spectrophotom-
pickling. Test Method C has been used successfully with
4
eters
reagent water, stock scrubber water, lake water, filtered tap
3. Terminology
water, river water, well water, production plant water, and a
condensate from a medium BTU coal gasification process.
3.1 Definitions: —For definitions of terms used in these test
Matrices used, except for reagent water, are not available for
methods, refer to Terminology D 1129.
Test Method B. It is the user’s responsibility to ensure the
4. Significance and Use
validity of these test methods for waters of untested matrices.
4.1 Hexavalent chromium salts are used extensively in
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
metal finishing and plating applications, in anodizing alumi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
num, and in the manufacture of paints, dyes, explosives, and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ceramics. Trivalent chromium salts are used as mordants in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
textile dyeing, in the ceramic and glass industry, in the leather
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
industry as a tanning agent, and in photography. Chromium
statements, see 4.2 and Note 5 and Note 6.
may be present in wastewater from these industries and may
also be discharged from chromate-treated cooling waters.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 on
Water and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic
2
Constituents in Water. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
3
Current edition approved May 15, 1992. Published September 1992. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
4
published as D 1687 – 59 T. Last previous edition D 1687 – 86. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06.
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