ASTM D4081-16(2023)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Drycleaning-Grade Perchloroethylene
Standard Specification for Drycleaning-Grade Perchloroethylene
ABSTRACT
This specification covers dry cleaning-grade perchloroethylene suitable for use in the dry cleaning industry. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of appearance, water content, residual odor, specific gravity, non-volatile residue content, boiling point, dry point, acid acceptance, and copper corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene suitable for use in the drycleaning industry.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: Guide D3844 provides additional important information on proper labeling.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Jul-2023
- Technical Committee
- D26 - Halogenated Organic Solvents and Fire Extinguishing Agents
- Drafting Committee
- D26.06 - Drycleaning
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2006
Overview
ASTM D4081-16(2023): Standard Specification for Drycleaning-Grade Perchloroethylene outlines the requirements for perchloroethylene used in the dry cleaning industry. Issued by ASTM International, this standard defines the necessary chemical and physical properties to ensure perchloroethylene’s suitability and safety for commercial dry cleaning operations. The specification establishes guidelines for purity, safety, and handling to meet both industry needs and regulatory compliance.
Key Topics
- Purity and Appearance: Drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene must be clear, free from suspended matter and undissolved water, and contain a minimum of 99.90% purity.
- Physical and Chemical Properties: The standard sets limits on water content, specific gravity, nonvolatile residue, assay percentage, acid acceptance, and boiling point range to guarantee performance and minimize potential machine corrosion.
- Safety and Environmental Responsibility: Users are reminded to develop proper safety, health, and environmental practices when handling this chemical, as the standard does not cover all possible hazards.
- Regulatory Compliance: The document references important regulations for labeling and shipping, including OSHA’s Hazard Communications (29 CFR 1910.1200) and the Department of Transportation's Hazardous Materials Regulations (49 CFR 100-199).
- Testing Methods: Specific ASTM methods are identified for testing the physical and chemical criteria, including tests for water content, specific gravity, acid acceptance, and nonvolatile residue.
Applications
Drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene is essential for commercial and industrial dry cleaning operations. The properties outlined in ASTM D4081-16(2023) are critical for:
- Ensuring Consistent Cleaning Quality: High-purity perchloroethylene delivers reliable results, minimizing residue or odors on textiles.
- Equipment Longevity and Maintenance: Limiting acids and impurities according to the specification reduces the potential for solvent-related corrosion and equipment damage.
- Safety and Hazard Management: Meeting precise specifications helps operators maintain safer working environments by controlling exposure to undesirable contaminants or by-products.
- Adherence to Regulations: Compliance with packaging and labeling rules as outlined in the standard helps businesses meet OSHA and DOT requirements, supporting safe transport and worker safety.
Related Standards
Several referenced documents and methods are integral to ASTM D4081-16(2023):
- ASTM D2109: Test Methods for Nonvolatile Matter in Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures
- ASTM D2111: Test Methods for Specific Gravity and Density of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures
- ASTM D2942: Test Method for Total Acid Acceptance of Halogenated Organic Solvents (Nonreflux Methods)
- ASTM D3401: Test Methods for Water in Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures
- ASTM D3741: Test Methods for Appearance of Admixtures Containing Halogenated Organic Solvents
- ASTM D6806: Practice for Analysis of Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures by Gas Chromatography
- OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200: Hazard Communications Standard
- DOT 49 CFR 100-199: Hazardous Materials Regulations
Conclusion
ASTM D4081-16(2023) serves as the authoritative standard for drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene, ensuring its chemical integrity, quality, and safe use within the industry. Proper adherence to this standard helps dry cleaning businesses maintain superior service, protect equipment investments, and ensure compliance with critical safety and legal requirements. For further guidelines on packaging and labeling, users should also consult related ASTM references and regulatory documents.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D4081-16(2023) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Drycleaning-Grade Perchloroethylene". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers dry cleaning-grade perchloroethylene suitable for use in the dry cleaning industry. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of appearance, water content, residual odor, specific gravity, non-volatile residue content, boiling point, dry point, acid acceptance, and copper corrosion. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene suitable for use in the drycleaning industry. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: Guide D3844 provides additional important information on proper labeling. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers dry cleaning-grade perchloroethylene suitable for use in the dry cleaning industry. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of appearance, water content, residual odor, specific gravity, non-volatile residue content, boiling point, dry point, acid acceptance, and copper corrosion. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene suitable for use in the drycleaning industry. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: Guide D3844 provides additional important information on proper labeling. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D4081-16(2023) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 71.100.99 - Other products of the chemical industry. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D4081-16(2023) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D3741-00(2020), ASTM D2111-10(2020), ASTM D2111-10(2015), ASTM D3741-00(2015)e1, ASTM D2942-02(2013), ASTM D6806-02(2012), ASTM D3401-97(2012), ASTM D2109-01(2011), ASTM D2111-10, ASTM D3741-00(2010), ASTM D2942-02(2008), ASTM D3844-02(2008), ASTM D6806-02(2007)e1, ASTM D2111-02(2007), ASTM D3401-97(2006). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D4081-16(2023) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4081 − 16 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Specification for
Drycleaning-Grade Perchloroethylene
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4081; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3401 Test Methods for Water in Halogenated Organic
Solvents and Their Admixtures
1.1 This specification covers drycleaning-grade perchloro-
D3741 Test Methods for Appearance of Admixtures Con-
ethylene suitable for use in the drycleaning industry.
taining Halogenated Organic Solvents
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D3844 Guide for Labeling Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Sol-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
vent Containers (Withdrawn 2013)
standard.
D6806 Practice for Analysis of Halogenated Organic Sol-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the vents and Their Admixtures by Gas Chromatography
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.2 Code of Federal Regulations:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 29 CFR 1910.1200 Department of Labor, OSHA Regula-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tions on Hazard Communications
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 49 CFR 100 to 199 Department of Transportation Hazardous
Materials Regulations
NOTE 1—Guide D3844 provides additional important information on
proper labeling.
3. Properties
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene shall conform to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Maximum acid acceptance specification of 0.03 weight
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical % as NaOH distinguishes drycleaning-grade perchloroethylene
from vapor-degreasing-grade perchloroethylene which is for-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mulated specifically for that application.
2. Referenced Documents
2 4. Packaging and Package Marking
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2109 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Matter in Halogenated 4.1 Package and label industrial or commercial quantities in
Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures accordance with DOT regulations 49 CFR 100 to 199, and in
D2111 Test Methods for Specific Gravity and Density of accordance with state and local regulations, and with OSHA
Halogenated Organic Solvents and Their Admixtures regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.1200.
D2942 Test Method for Total Acid Acceptance of Haloge- 4.1.1 The proper shipping name for perchloroethylene is
nated Organic Solvents (Nonreflux Methods) UN 1897, tetrachloroethylene.
5. Keywords
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D26
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