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ASTM D6415/D6415M-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Curved Beam Strength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Curved Beam Strength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite

SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the curved beam strength of a continuous fiber-reinforced composite material using a 90 curved beam specimen (Fig 1 and Fig 2). The curved beam consists of two straight legs connected by a 90 bend with a 6.4-mm [0.25 mm] inner radius. An out-of-plane (through-the-thickness) tensile stress is produced in the curved region of the specimen when force is applied. This test method is limited to use with composites consisting of layers of fabric or layers of unidirectional fibers.
1.2 This test method may also be used to measure the interlaminar tensile strength if a unidirectional specimen is used where the fibers run continuously along the legs and around the bend.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2005
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D30 - Composite Materials
Drafting Committee
D30.06 - Interlaminar Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6415-99e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Curved Beam Stength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite
Effective Date
01-Jan-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D6415/D6415M-06ae1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Curved Beam Strength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite
Effective Date
01-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4762-18 - Standard Guide for Testing Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
Effective Date
01-Jan-2006

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ASTM D6415/D6415M-06 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Curved Beam Strength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix CompositeASTM D6415/D6415M-06 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Curved Beam Strength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite
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ASTM D6415/D6415M-06 - Standard Test Method for Measuring the Curved Beam Strength of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6415/D6415M–06
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Curved Beam Strength of a Fiber-Reinforced
1
Polymer-Matrix Composite
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6415/D 6415M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thistestmethoddeterminesthecurvedbeamstrengthof
a continuous fiber-reinforced composite material using a 90°
curved beam specimen (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). The curved beam
consists of two straight legs connected by a 90° bend with a
6.4-mm [0.25 mm] inner radius.An out-of-plane (through-the-
thickness) tensile stress is produced in the curved region of the
specimen when force is applied. This test method is limited to
use with composites consisting of layers of fabric or layers of
unidirectional fibers.
1.2 This test method may also be used to measure the
interlaminar tensile strength if a unidirectional specimen is
FIG. 1 Test Specimen Geometry (SI units)
used where the fibers run continuously along the legs and
around the bend.
D 3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D 5229/D 5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Ma-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
trix Composite Materials
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D 5687/D 5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
tion
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
ing
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
E 122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for a
standard.
Characteristic of a Lot or Process
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
2. Referenced Documents
ASTM Test Methods
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
D 792 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite
Materials
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D30 on
Composite Materials and is the direct responsibility of D30.06 on Interlaminar
Properties.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2006. Published January 2006. Originally
e1
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 6415 – 99 .
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. FIG. 2 Test Specimen Geometry (inch-pound)
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6415/D6415M–06
E 1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced 3.3.15 r, u = cylindrical coordinates of any point in the
Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases curved segment.
E 1434 GuideforRecordingMechanicalTestDataofFiber- 3.3.16 r,r = inner and outer radii of curved segment.
i o
Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases 3.3.17 r = radial position of the maximum interlaminar
m
(radial) tensile stress.
E 1471 Guide for Identification of Fibers, Fillers, and Core
Materials in Computerized Material Property Databases 3.3.18 S = standard deviation statistic of a sample popu-
n–1
lation for a given property.
3.3.19 t = average thickness of specimen.
3. Terminology
3.3.20 w = width of the specimen.
3.1 Definitions—TerminologyD 3878definestermsrelating
3.3.21 x = test result for an individual specimen from the
1
to high-modulus fibers and their composites. Terminology
sample population for a given property.
D 883 defines terms relating to plastics. Terminology E6
–
3.3.22 x = mean or average (estimate of mean) of a sample
defines terms relating to mechanical testing. Terminology
population for a given property.
E 456 and Practice E 177 define terms relating to statistics. In
3.3.23 D = relative disp
...

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1.4 This test method requires careful specimen design, instrumentation, data measurement, and data analysis. The use of this test method requires close coordination between the test requestor and the test lab personnel. Test requestors need to be familiar with the data analysis procedures of this test method and should not expect test labs who are unfamiliar with this test method to be able to produce acceptable results without close coordination.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Prepreg Impregnation by Permeability Measurement

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5.1 It is well known that the prepreg impregnation level affects handling characteristics, tack and drape, and final part quality. Resin impregnation level is the dominant factor in the ability of removing air and volatiles from the layup during processing. Partially impregnated prepreg materials can in some applications provide higher quality, lower void content composite parts, and are becoming increasingly more common due to the desire to cure out-of-autoclave, using vacuum bag-only processes. This test can identify small changes in the material impregnation level which can assist in definition of production processes or shipping and handling procedures. The value of permeability can be used for specifying ranges as acceptance requirements for prepreg materials, thus enabling the prepreg manufacturer and user greater confidence in the ability to produce repeatable and high quality parts. This test directly determines the actual air flow propensity of the material tested without any applied compaction pressure during testing.  
5.2 Factors that influence the permeability of the tested prepreg material shall be reported including: prepreg material, orientation, location on roll, width, length, thickness, and actual atmospheric pressure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the in-plane permeability of composite prepreg (pre-impregnated) materials as a measure of level of impregnation. Permissible prepreg materials include those reinforced with carbon, glass, aramid, thermoplastic and other fibers impregnated with a thermoset or thermoplastic matrix resin, creating a single ply sheet material. The reinforcements may be unidirectional or woven fabrics.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.2.1 Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.  
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Standard Test Method for Bearing Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Laminates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Refer to Guide D8509.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the bearing response of pinned or fastened joints using multi-directional polymer matrix composite laminates reinforced by high-modulus fibers by double-shear tensile loading (Procedure A), single-shear tensile or compressive loading of a two-piece specimen (Procedure B), single-shear tensile loading of a one-piece specimen (Procedure C), or double-shear compressive loading (Procedure D). Standard specimen configurations using fixed values of test parameters are described for each procedure. However, when fully documented in the test report, a number of test parameters may be optionally varied. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber (tape or fabric, or both) reinforced composites for which the laminate is balanced and symmetric with respect to the test direction. The range of acceptable test laminates and thicknesses are described in 8.2.1.  
1.2 This test method is consistent with the recommendations of MIL-HDBK-17, which describes the desirable attributes of a bearing response test method.  
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1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM D7766/D7766M-23(Practice)
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5.1 This practice provides supplemental instructions that allow Test Methods D6264/D6264M (for quasi-static indentation testing) and D7136/D7136M (for drop-weight impact testing) to determine damage resistance properties of sandwich constructions. Susceptibility to damage from concentrated out-of-plane forces is one of the major design concerns of many structures made using sandwich constructions. Knowledge of the damage resistance properties of a sandwich panel is useful for product development and material selection.  
5.2 Sandwich damage resistance testing can serve the following purposes:  
5.2.1 To establish quantitatively the effects of facing geometry, facing stacking sequence, facing-to-core interface, core geometry (cell size, cell wall thickness, core thickness, etc.), core density, core strength, processing and environmental variables on the damage resistance of a particular sandwich panel to a concentrated quasi-static indentation force, drop-weight impact force, or impact energy.  
5.2.2 To compare quantitatively the relative values of the damage resistance parameters for sandwich constructions with different facing, core or adhesive materials. The damage response parameters can include dent depth, damage dimensions and location(s), indentation or impact force magnitudes, impact energy magnitudes, as well as the force versus time curve.  
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5.2.4 Quasi-static indentation tests can also be used to identify a specific sequence of damage events (only the final damage state is identifiable after a drop-weight impact test).  
5.3 The properties obtained using these practices can provide guidance in regard to the anticipated damage resistance capability of sandwich structures with similar materials, geometry, stacking sequence, and so forth. However, it must be understood that the damage resistance of a sandwich structu...
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1.1 This practice provides instructions for modifying laminate quasi-static indentation and drop-weight impact test methods to determine damage resistance properties of sandwich constructions. Permissible core material forms include those with continuous bonding surfaces (such as balsa wood and foams) as well as those with discontinuous bonding surfaces (such as honeycomb, truss cores and fiber-reinforced cores).  
1.2 This practice supplements Test Methods D6264/D6264M (for quasi-static indentation testing) and D7136/D7136M (for drop-weight impact testing) with provisions for testing sandwich specimens. Several important test specimen parameters (for example, facing thickness, core thickness and core density) are not mandated by this practice; however, repeatable results require that these parameters be specified and reported.  
1.3 Three test procedures are provided. Procedures A and B correspond to D6264/D6264M test procedures for rigidlybacked and edge-supported test conditions, respectively. Procedure C corresponds to D7136/D7136M test procedures. All three procedures are suitable for imparting damage to a sandwich specimen in preparation for subsequent damage tolerance testing in accordance with Test Method D8287/D8287M (compressive loading) and Practice D8388/D8388M (flexural loading).  
1.4 In general, Procedure A is considered to be the most suitable procedure for comparative damage resistance assessments, due to reduced influence of flexural stiffness and support fixture characteristics upon damage formation. However, the selection of a test procedure and associated support conditions should be done in consideration of the intended structural application, and as such Procedures B and C may be more appropriate for comparative purposes for some applications.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not ...

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