ASTM E2958-14

Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Factor Jump/Modulated Thermogravimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The activation energy may be used to calculate thermal endurance and an estimate of the lifetime of the material at specified temperatures using Test Method E1877.  
5.2 The kinetic parameters determine by this test method may be used in quality assurance, research and development.  
5.3 The kinetic parameters of activation energy and logarithm of the pre-exponential factor determined by this method have little intrinsic value in themselves. Most practical applications of this information, such as lifetime estimation (see Test Method E1877), also require an estimation of the precision of the respective values. Determination of that precision by replicated determination is a non-manditory part of this standard.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods describe the model-free determination of Arrhenius activation energy by thermogravimetry using the factor jump (1)2 (Method A) or modulated thermogravimetry (2) (Method B) techniques. With the assumption of a first-order kinetic model, the pre-exponential factor is additionally determined.  
1.2 These test methods are applicable to materials with well-defined decomposition profiles, namely, a smooth, continuous mass change.  
1.3 These test methods are applicable to decomposition occurring in the range from 400 K to 1200 K (nominally 100°C to 900°C). The temperature range may be extended depending on the instrumentation and material used.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 There is no ISO standard similar to this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2014
• ICS: 71.040.40 - Chemical analysis
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.01 - Calorimetry and Mass Loss

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM E3007-21 - Standard Practice for Selection and Use of Kinetic Reference Values in the Study of Decomposition Reactions by Thermogravimetry
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2014
• Referred By: ASTM E1877-21 - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Materials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2958 − 14
Standard Test Methods for
Kinetic Parameters by Factor Jump/Modulated
1
Thermogravimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2958; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E1641 Test Method for Decomposition Kinetics by Thermo-
gravimetry Using the Ozawa/Flynn/Wall Method
1.1 These test methods describe the model-free determina-
E1877 Practice for Calculating Thermal Endurance of Ma-
tion ofArrhenius activation energy by thermogravimetry using
2 terials from Thermogravimetric Decomposition Data
the factor jump (1) (Method A) or modulated thermogravim-
E1970 PracticeforStatisticalTreatmentofThermoanalytical
etry (2) (Method B) techniques. With the assumption of a
Data
first-orderkineticmodel,thepre-exponentialfactorisaddition-
E2040 Test Method for Mass Scale Calibration of Thermo-
ally determined.
gravimetric Analyzers
1.2 These test methods are applicable to materials with
E2550 Test Method for Thermal Stability by Thermogravi-
well-defined decomposition profiles, namely, a smooth, con-
metry
tinuous mass change.
3. Terminology
1.3 These test methods are applicable to decomposition
occurringintherangefrom400Kto1200K(nominally100°C
3.1 Definitions—Technical terms used in this test method
to 900°C). The temperature range may be extended depending defined in Terminologies E473 and E1142 include Arrhenius
on the instrumentation and material used.
equation, activation energy, Celsius, failure criterion, pre-
exponential factor, reaction order, and thermogravimetric
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
analysis.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 There is no ISO standard similar to this standard.
4.1 These test methods consist of heating a test specimen
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
weighing a few milligrams at a heating rate of about 1 K/min
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
with a superimposed step-and-hold (factor jump) or sinusoidal
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(modulated) temperature program through the decomposition
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
temperature region. The specimen mass rate-of-change is
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
continuously calculated and recorded as a function of tempera-
ture. The activation energy is then determined from the mass
2. Referenced Documents
rate-of-change at two (or more) closely spaced temperature
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
regions. The activation energy thus determined is based on no
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
assumed reaction model or mechanism and thus is model free.
ology
4.2 Assuming a first-order reaction model (n = 1), the
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
additional reaction parameter logarithm-of-the-pre-
E1582 Practice for Calibration of Temperature Scale for
exponential-factor (ln[Z]) is additionally determined.
Thermogravimetry
4.3 Activation energy and logarithm-of-the-pre-
exponential-factor may be displayed as a function of average
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on
Thermal Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on temperature or conversion to provide additional information
Calorimetry and Mass Loss.
about the constancy of the decomposition reaction relative to
Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published June 2014. DOI: 10.1520/
these experimental parameters.
E2958-14.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
5. Significance and Use
this standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.1 The activation energy may be used to calculate thermal
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
endurance and an estimate of the lifetime of the material at
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. specified temperatures using Test Method E1877.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E2958 − 14
5.2 The kinetic parameters determine by this test method 7. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units
may be used in quality assurance, research and development.
7.1 Since milligram quantities of specimens are used, it is
essential that the specimens be representative of the samples
5.3 The ki
...