ASTM D6482-06(2016)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Aqueous Polymer Quenchants by Cooling Curve Analysis with Agitation (Tensi Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a cooling time versus temperature pathway that is directly proportional to physical properties such as the hardness obtainable upon quenching of a metal. The results obtained by this test method may be used as a guide in quenchant selection or comparison of quench severities of different quenchants, new or used.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and the procedure for evaluation of quenching characteristics of a quenching fluid by cooling rate determination.  
1.2 This test method is designed to evaluate quenching fluids with agitation, using the Tensi agitation apparatus.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2016
• ICS: 75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.L0.06 - Non-Lubricating Process Fluids

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6482 − 06 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Aqueous
Polymer Quenchants by Cooling Curve Analysis with
Agitation (Tensi Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.3 Japanese Industrial Standards:
JIS K 2242Heat Treating Oil
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and the proce-
JIS K 6753Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate
dureforevaluationofquenchingcharacteristicsofaquenching
2.4 Wolfson Engineering Group:
fluid by cooling rate determination.
Wolfson Engineering Group Specification Laboratory Tests
1.2 This test method is designed to evaluate quenching
for Assessing the Cooling Curve of Industrial Quenching
fluids with agitation, using the Tensi agitation apparatus.
Media
2.5 ASTM Adjuncts:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ADJD6300 D2PP, Determination of Precision and Bias
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products
only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.1 aqueous polymer quenchant—an aqueous solution
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
containing a water soluble polymer; typically including poly-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(alkylene glycol), poly(ethyl oxazoline), poly(solium acrylate)
and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (1, 2) . The quenchant solution
2. Referenced Documents
also typically contains additives for corrosion and foam
control, if needed. Quench severity of aqueous polymer quen-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
chants is dependent on concentration and molecular weight of
D6200Test Method for Determination of Cooling Charac-
the specific polymer being evaluated, quenchant temperature,
teristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis
and agitation rate as shown in Figs. 1-3, respectively.
E220Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
Comparison Techniques 3.1.2 cooling curve—a graphical representation of the cool-
E230Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force
ingtime(t)-temperature(T)responseoftheprobe(see7.3).An
(EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples example is illustrated in Fig. 4A.
3.1.3 cooling curve analysis—theprocessofquantifyingthe
2.2 SAE Standard:
coolingcharacteristicsofaquenchantbasedonthetemperature
AMS 5665NickelAlloy Corrosion and Heat Resistant Bars,
versustimeprofileobtainedbycoolingapreheatedmetalprobe
Forgings and Rings
assembly (see Fig. 5) under standard conditions (1, 3, 4).
3.1.4 cooling rate curve—obtained by calculating the first
derivative (dT/dt) of the cooling time-temperature curve. An
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of example is illustrated in Fig. 4B.
Subcommittee D02.L0.06 on Non-Lubricating Process Fluids.
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2016.PublishedJuly2016.Originallyapproved
in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D6482 – 06 (2011). DOI:
10.1520/D6482-06R16. Available from Japanese Standards Organization (JSA), 4-1-24 Akasaka
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 107-8440, Japan, http://www.jsa.or.jp.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM WolfsonHeatTreatmentCentre,FederationHouse,VyseSt.,Birmingham,B18
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 6LT, UK, http://www.sea.org.uk/whtc.
the ASTM website. No longer available from ASTM International Headquarters.
3 7
AvailablefromSAEInternational(SAE),400CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale, Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 1 Illustration of the Effect of Quenchant Concentration on Cooling Curve Performance for Poly(Alkylene Glycol) Quenchant at 30°C
and 0.5 m/s
FIG. 2 Illustration of the Effect of Bath Temperature Variation on Cooling Curve Performance for 15 % Aqueous Solution of Poly (Alky-
lene Glycol) Quenchant at 0.5 m/s
NOTE 1—For production testing, the furnace temperature of 815°C to
3.1.5 quenchseverity—theabilityofaquenchingmediumto
857°C (1500°F to 1575°F) may be used.
extract heat from a hot metal (5).
3.1.6 quenchant—any medium, liquid or gas that may be
5. Significance and Use
used to mediate heat transfer during the cooling of hot metal.
5.1 This test method provides a cooling time versus tem-
4. Summary of Test Method perature pathway that is directly proportional to physical
properties such as the hardness obtainable upon quenching of
4.1 The nickel alloy probe assembly’s cooling time versus
a metal. The results obtained by this test method may be used
temperature is determined after placing the assembly in a
as a guide in quenchant selection or comparison of quench
furnace and heating to 850°C (1562°F) and then quenching
severities of different quenchants, new or used.
into an aqueous polymer quenchant solution. The temperature
insidetheprobeassemblyandthecoolingtimesarerecordedat
6. Interferences
selected time intervals to establish a cooling temperature
versus time curve. The resulting cooling curve may be used to 6.1 The presence of contaminants, such as oil, salt, metal-
evaluate quench severity (see Note 1). working fluids, forging lubricants, and polymer degradation,
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 3 Effect of Agitation Rate Variation on Cooling Curve Performance for a 15 % Aqueous Poly(Alkylene Glycol) Quenchant Solution
at 30°C
A. Cooling time - temperature curve (cooling curve) B. Cooling rate - temperature curve (cooling rate curve)
FIG. 4 Typical Temperature/Time and Temperature/Cooling Rate Plots for Test Probe Cooled in Quenching Oil
may affect cooling curve results obtained by this test method 7.2 Measurement System—The temperature-time measure-
foraqueouspolymerquenchants.Contaminants,suchaswater, mentsystemshallbeacomputerbaseddataacquisitionsystem
hydraulicfluids,sludge,additiveloss,andoildegradation,may capable of providing a permanent record of the cooling
similarly affect the cooling curve behavior of oil quenchants. characteristics of each oil sample tested, producing a record of
variationinthetestprobeassemblyoftemperaturewithrespect
7. Apparatus to time and of cooling rate with respect to temperature.
7.1 Furnace—Use a horizontal or vertical electrical resis- 7.3 Probe, shall be cylindrical, having a diameter of
tance tube-type furnace capable of maintaining a constant 12.5mm 6 0.01mm (0.492in. 6 0.0004 in.) and a length of
minimum temperature of 850°C (1562°F) over a heated 60mm 6 0.25mm (2.362in. 6 0.01in.) with a 1.45mm to
length of not less than 120mm (4.72in.) and a probe posi- 1.65mm(0.057in.to0.065in.)sheathedtype Kthermocouple
tioned in the center of the heating chamber. The furnace shall in its geometric center. The probe shall be made of a nickel
be capable of maintaining the probe’s temperature within alloy 600 (UNS N06600) purchased to SAE specification (see
62.5°C (4.5°F) over the specimen length. The furnace, that AMS 5665), that has a nominal composition of 76.0% Ni,
is, the radiant tube heating media, shall be used with ambient 15.5%Cr,8.0%Fe,0.08%C,and0.25%maximumCu.The
atmosphere. probe shall be attached to a support tube with a minimum
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 5 Probe Details and General Probe Assembly
chants. Quench oils are not compatible with the poly(methyl methacry-
lengthof200mm(7.874in.).Thethermocouplesheathingand
late) materials used for construction of this apparatus.
the support tube shall be the same material as the probe (see
Note 2). See Fig. 4 for recommended manufacturing details.
7.4.2 Cleaning—The agitation assembly shall be cleaned
prior to use with a detergent solution. After cleaning, the
NOTE2—Exercisecarethattheprobespecimenisnotdamagedbecause
assembly shall be rinsed with water at least three times to
surface irregularities will influence the results of the test.
ensurethatnoquenchantresidueordetergentsolutionremains.
7.4 Tensi Agitation Assembly:
7.4.3 Flow Velocity—Correlation of flow velocity through
7.4.1 Construction:
the quenching chamber and impeller rotational speed for water
7.4.1.1 The 125mm by 60mm by 60mm Tensi agitation
is illustrated in Fig. 8. Flow velocity for other fluids will vary
assemblyisillustratedinFig.6.Thevolumeoftheassemblyis
–3 3 with fluid viscosity.
approximately 1.5 by 10 m . This assembly may be con-
7.4.3.1 Impeller Speed—Fluids shall be controlled by the
structed from glass or any transparent and temperature-
rotational speed of the impeller. Standard impeller speed of
resistant synthetic material that is chemically compatible with
1000r⁄min is recommended and is obtained from a plot of
the quenching fluids to be evaluated. Alternatively, the agita-
revolutions per minute versus potentiometer setting as illus-
tion assembly, illustrated in Fig. 7, may be purchased as-
8 trated in Fig. 9 and described as impeller speed calibration:
sembled.
Impeller speed shall be determined using an optical tachom-
7.4.1.2 Quenchant agitation is provided by an impeller
eter. Optional tachometers operate by emitting and receiving
mixer. The three-blade impeller is 50mm in diameter with a
light to and from a reflector fastened on to the impeller shaft.
pitch setting 42mm ≈ _ × 0.85. The impeller is commercially
A typical calibration plot is illustrated in Fig. 8.
available.
NOTE 4—The impeller velocity will depend to some extent on the
NOTE 3—This procedure is recommended for aqueous polymer quen-
viscosity of the quenchant solution. However, the variation was found to
be minimal over a wide range of viscosities from water to a polymer
quenchant at 30% by volume.
The sole source of supply of the Tensi agitation apparatus, fully assembled,
known to the committee at this time is IVF, The Swedish Institute of Production
7.4.3.2 Flow Direction—The correct fluid flow direction is
EngineeringResearch,Argongatan30,S-43153Mölndal,Sweden.Ifyouareaware
illustrated in Fig. 6. However, if the wiring of the electrical
of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International
motorisreversed,itispossiblethattheflowdirectionwillalso
Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. bereversed.Ifthisoccurs,whichiseasilydetectedvisually,the
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 7 Commercially Available Tensi Agitation Assembly
FIG. 6 Schematic Drawing of Tensi Agitation Assembly
polarityoftheelectricalmotorisreversedbyreversingthetwo
wire leads to the motor.
7.4.4 Fluid Volume—The resulting cooling curve will be
dependent on the temperature rise during the quench, which is
dependent on the total fluid volume. Therefore, the cooling
curve analysis shall be performed with the same volume of
fluid.Thefluidshallbelevelwiththelowerdistanceringinthe
support tube, as shown in Fig. 10.
7.5 Temperature Measurement—Any temperature detection
device may be used that is capable of measuring quenching
fluid temperature to within 61°C (1.8°F).
FIG. 8 Correlation of Flow Velocity Through Quenching Chamber
7.6 Transfer Mechanism—The heated probe is transferred
and Impeller Rotational Speed for Water
manually to the Tensi agitation assembly, which shall be
equipped with a fixture to ensure correct placement in the
centerofthequenchingchamber,asillustratedinFigs.6and7.
A timer shall be used to ensure a maximum transfer time of
cooling rate is greater than 63%, the probe shall be recondi-
3.0s.
tioned (see 9.3). Cooling curve results shall be traceable to a
primary standard fluid, such as that cited inWolfson Engineer-
7.7 Timer, graduated in seconds and minutes, and may be
ing Group Specification or JIS K 2242 and JIS K 6753. The
part of a computer clock.
reference fluids shall be stored in a sealed container when not
8. Reagents and Materials
in use and shall be replaced after 200 quenches or two years,
whichever is sooner. Distilled or deionized water at 50°C may
8.1 Reference Quenching Fluid—Useareferencequenching
also be used.
fluidforinitialandregularprobecalibrationtodetermineifthe
probe will give results consistent to those obtained during
NOTE 5—If a reference fluid other than distilled water is used, the
initial break-in (see Test Method D6200). If the maximum agitation device described here shall not be used. Instead, a suitable
D6482 − 06 (2016)
cleaning,thefinalfinishshallbeprovidedusing600-gritemery
paper. Following this surface cleaning procedure, the probe
shall be quenched until repeatable cooling curve results of a
reference oil are obtained.
9.3.2 An alternative is to recondition the probe after every
run. Before testing a set of aqueous polymer quenchant
solutions, the probe is quenched into the reference fluid after
surface conditioning. If the maximum cooling rate of the
reference fluid is within 63% of the calibration limit, the
probe may be used for further testing. When testing, the probe
FIG. 9 Potentiometer Setting
is cleaned prior to each run. After testing the set of fluids is
completed, the probe is quenched into the reference fluid to
ensure that it is still within calibration.
10. Sampling
10.1 Sampling shall be in accordance with 7.5.Take care to
ensure the sample is representative of the oil being tested. Use
a clean and dry sample container.
FIG. 10 Fluid Level
11. Preparation of Apparatus
11.1 Preheat furnace to 815°C to 857°C, (1500°F to
compatible container consistent with the specified requirement being
1575°F).
followed shall be used.
11.2 Connect a dry, conditioned, calibrated probe to the
8.2 Cleaning Solvent—A hydrocarbon solvent that will
transfer mechanism in accordance with equipment manufac-
evaporate at room temperature, leaving no residue.
turer’s instructions.
(Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
11.3 Removal of Air—After filling the apparatus with the
8.3 Polishing Paper, 600 grit emery.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6482 − 06 (Reapproved 2011) D6482 − 06 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Aqueous
Polymer Quenchants by Cooling Curve Analysis with
Agitation (Tensi Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6482; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the equipment and the procedure for evaluation of quenching characteristics of a quenching fluid
by cooling rate determination.
1.2 This test method is designed to evaluate quenching fluids with agitation, using the Tensi agitation apparatus.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D6200 Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
2.2 SAE Standard:
AMS 5665 Nickel Alloy Corrosion and Heat Resistant Bars, Forgings and Rings
2.3 Japanese Industrial Standards:
JIS K 2242 Heat Treating Oil
JIS K 6753 Di-2-ethylhexyl Phthalate
2.4 Wolfson Engineering Group:
Wolfson Engineering Group Specification Laboratory Tests for Assessing the Cooling Curve of Industrial Quenching Media
2.5 ASTM Adjuncts:
ADJD6300 D2PP, Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 aqueous polymer quenchant—an aqueous solution containing a water soluble polymer; typically including poly(alkylene
glycol), poly(ethyl oxazoline), poly(solium acrylate) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (1, 2) . The quenchant solution also typically
contains additives for corrosion and foam control, if needed. Quench severity of aqueous polymer quenchants is dependent on
concentration and molecular weight of the specific polymer being evaluated, quenchant temperature, and agitation rate as shown
in Figs. 1-3, respectively.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.06 on Non-Lubricating Process Fluids.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011July 1, 2016. Published August 2011July 2016. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
D6482–06. DOI: 10.1520/D6482-06R11. – 06 (2011). DOI: 10.1520/D6482-06R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, http://www.sae.org.
Available from Japanese Standards Organization (JSA), 4-1-24 Akasaka Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 107-8440, Japan, http://www.jsa.or.jp.
Wolfson Heat Treatment Centre, Federation House, Vyse St., Birmingham, B18 6LT, UK, http://www.sea.org.uk/whtc.
No longer available from ASTM International Headquarters.
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 1 Illustration of the Effect of Quenchant Concentration on Cooling Curve Performance for Poly(Alkylene Glycol) Quenchant at 30°C
and 0.5 m/s
FIG. 2 Illustration of the Effect of Bath Temperature Variation on Cooling Curve Performance for 15 % Aqueous Solution of Poly (Alky-
lene Glycol) Quenchant at 0.5 m/s
3.1.2 cooling curve—a graphical representation of the cooling time (t)-temperature (T) response of the probe (see 7.3). An
example is illustrated in Fig. 4A.
3.1.3 cooling curve analysis—the process of quantifying the cooling characteristics of a quenchant based on the temperature
versus time profile obtained by cooling a preheated metal probe assembly (see Fig. 5) under standard conditions (1, 3, 4).
3.1.4 cooling rate curve—obtained by calculating the first derivative (dT/dt) of the cooling time-temperature curve. An example
is illustrated in Fig. 4B.
3.1.5 quench severity—the ability of a quenching medium to extract heat from a hot metal (5).
3.1.6 quenchant—any medium, liquid or gas that may be used to mediate heat transfer during the cooling of hot metal.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The nickel alloy probe assembly’s cooling time versus temperature is determined after placing the assembly in a furnace
and heating to 850°C (1562°F)850 °C (1562 °F) and then quenching into an aqueous polymer quenchant solution. The temperature
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 3 Effect of Agitation Rate Variation on Cooling Curve Performance for a 15 % Aqueous Poly(Alkylene Glycol) Quenchant Solution
at 30°C
A. Cooling time - temperature curve (cooling curve) B. Cooling rate - temperature curve (cooling rate curve)
FIG. 4 Typical Temperature/Time and Temperature/Cooling Rate Plots for Test Probe Cooled in Quenching Oil
inside the probe assembly and the cooling times are recorded at selected time intervals to establish a cooling temperature versus
time curve. The resulting cooling curve may be used to evaluate quench severity (see Note 1).
NOTE 1—For production testing, the furnace temperature of 815815 °C to 857°C (1500857 °C (1500 °F to 1575°F)1575 °F) may be used.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a cooling time versus temperature pathway that is directly proportional to physical properties such
as the hardness obtainable upon quenching of a metal. The results obtained by this test method may be used as a guide in quenchant
selection or comparison of quench severities of different quenchants, new or used.
6. Interferences
6.1 The presence of contaminants, such as oil, salt, metalworking fluids, forging lubricants, and polymer degradation, may affect
cooling curve results obtained by this test method for aqueous polymer quenchants. Contaminants, such as water, hydraulic fluids,
sludge, additive loss, and oil degradation, may similarly affect the cooling curve behavior of oil quenchants.
7. Apparatus
7.1 Furnace—Use a horizontal or vertical electrical resistance tube-type furnace capable of maintaining a constant minimum
temperature of 850°C (1562°F)850 °C (1562 °F) over a heated length of not less than 120 mm (4.72 in.) 120 mm (4.72 in.) and
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 5 Probe Details and General Probe Assembly
a probe positioned in the center of the heating chamber. The furnace shall be capable of maintaining the probe’s temperature within
62.5°C (4.5°F)62.5 °C (4.5 °F) over the specimen length. The furnace, that is, the radiant tube heating media, shall be used with
ambient atmosphere.
7.2 Measurement System—The temperature-time measurement system shall be a computer based data acquisition system
capable of providing a permanent record of the cooling characteristics of each oil sample tested, producing a record of variation
in the test probe assembly of temperature with respect to time and of cooling rate with respect to temperature.
7.3 Probe, shall be cylindrical, having a diameter of 12.5 6 0.01 mm (0.492 12.5 mm 6 0.01 mm (0.492 in. 6 0.0004 in.) and
a length of 60 6 0.25 mm (2.362 6 0.01 in.) with a 1.45 to 1.65 mm (0.057 to 0.065 in.) 60 mm 6 0.25 mm (2.362 in. 6 0.01 in.)
with a 1.45 mm to 1.65 mm (0.057 in. to 0.065 in.) sheathed type K thermocouple in its geometric center. The probe shall be made
of a nickel alloy 600 (UNS N06600) purchased to SAE specification (see AMS 5665), that has a nominal composition of 76.0 %
Ni, 15.5 % Cr, 8.0 % Fe, 0.08 % C, and 0.25 % maximum Cu. The probe shall be attached to a support tube with a minimum length
of 200 mm (7.874 in.). 200 mm (7.874 in.). The thermocouple sheathing and the support tube shall be the same material as the
probe (see Note 2). See Fig. 4 for recommended manufacturing details.
NOTE 2—Exercise care that the probe specimen is not damaged because surface irregularities will influence the results of the test.
7.4 Tensi Agitation Assembly:
7.4.1 Construction:
7.4.1.1 The 125125 mm by 6060 mm by 60-mm60 mm Tensi agitation assembly is illustrated in Fig. 6. The volume of the
–3 3
assembly is approximately 1.51.5 by 10 m . This assembly may be constructed from glass or any transparent and
temperature-resistant synthetic material that is chemically compatible with the quenching fluids to be evaluated. Alternatively, the
agitation assembly, illustrated in Fig. 7, may be purchased assembled.
7.4.1.2 Quenchant agitation is provided by an impeller mixer. The three-blade impeller is 50 mm 50 mm in diameter with a pitch
setting 42 mm 42 mm ≈ _ × 0.85. The impeller is commercially available.
The sole source of supply of the Tensi agitation apparatus, fully assembled, known to the committee at this time is IVF, The Swedish Institute of Production Engineering
Research, Argongatan 30, S-431 53 Mölndal, Sweden. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International Headquarters. Your
comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 6 Schematic Drawing of Tensi Agitation Assembly
NOTE 3—This procedure is recommended for aqueous polymer quenchants. Quench oils are not compatible with the poly(methyl methacrylate)
materials used for construction of this apparatus.
7.4.2 Cleaning—The agitation assembly shall be cleaned prior to use with a detergent solution. After cleaning, the assembly
shall be rinsed with water at least three times to ensure that no quenchant residue or detergent solution remains.
7.4.3 Flow Velocity—Correlation of flow velocity through the quenching chamber and impeller rotational speed for water is
illustrated in Fig. 8. Flow velocity for other fluids will vary with fluid viscosity.
7.4.3.1 Impeller Speed—Fluids shall be controlled by the rotational speed of the impeller. Standard impeller speed of
10001000 r r/min ⁄min is recommended and is obtained from a plot of revolutions per minute versus potentiometer setting as
illustrated in Fig. 9 and described as impeller speed calibration: Impeller speed shall be determined using an optical tachometer.
Optional tachometers operate by emitting and receiving light to and from a reflector fastened on to the impeller shaft. A typical
calibration plot is illustrated in Fig. 8.
NOTE 4—The impeller velocity will depend to some extent on the viscosity of the quenchant solution. However, the variation was found to be minimal
over a wide range of viscosities from water to a polymer quenchant at 30 % by volume.
7.4.3.2 Flow Direction—The correct fluid flow direction is illustrated in Fig. 6. However, if the wiring of the electrical motor
is reversed, it is possible that the flow direction will also be reversed. If this occurs, which is easily detected visually, the polarity
of the electrical motor is reversed by reversing the two wire leads to the motor.
7.4.4 Fluid Volume—The resulting cooling curve will be dependent on the temperature rise during the quench, which is
dependent on the total fluid volume. Therefore, the cooling curve analysis shall be performed with the same volume of fluid. The
fluid shall be level with the lower distance ring in the support tube, as shown in Fig. 10.
7.5 Temperature Measurement—Any temperature detection device may be used that is capable of measuring quenching fluid
temperature to within 61°C (1.8°F).61 °C (1.8 °F).
7.6 Transfer Mechanism—The heated probe is transferred manually to the Tensi agitation assembly, which shall be equipped
with a fixture to ensure correct placement in the center of the quenching chamber, as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7. A timer shall be
used to ensure a maximum transfer time of 3.0 s.
7.7 Timer, graduated in seconds and minutes, and may be part of a computer clock.
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 7 Commercially Available Tensi Agitation Assembly
FIG. 8 Correlation of Flow Velocity Through Quenching Chamber and Impeller Rotational Speed for Water
8. Reagents and Materials
8.1 Reference Quenching Fluid—Use a reference quenching fluid for initial and regular probe calibration to determine if the
probe will give results consistent to those obtained during initial break-in (see Test Method D6200). If the maximum cooling rate
is greater than 63 %, the probe shall be reconditioned (see 9.3). Cooling curve results shall be traceable to a primary standard fluid,
such as that cited in Wolfson Engineering Group Specification or JIS K 2242 and JIS K 6753. The reference fluids shall be stored
in a sealed container when not in use and shall be replaced after 200 quenches or two years, whichever is sooner. Distilled or
deionized water at 50°C50 °C may also be used.
NOTE 5—If a reference fluid other than distilled water is used, the agitation device described here shall not be used. Instead, a suitable compatible
container consistent with the specified requirement being followed shall be used.
8.2 Cleaning Solvent—A hydrocarbon solvent that will evaporate at room temperature, leaving no residue. (Warning—
WarningFlammable.—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
D6482 − 06 (2016)
FIG. 9 Potentiometer Setting
FIG. 10 Fluid Level
8.3 Polishing Paper, 600 grit emery.
8.4 Cloth, lintless and absorbent.
9. Cleaning and Conditioning
9.1 Cleaning Used Probes—Wipe probe with a lintless cloth or absorbent paper after removal from the oil and prior to returning
to the
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