ASTM D4462-02(2019)

Standard Specification for Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment having the general formula ZnHPO3· [ZnO·2Zn(OH)2]. The pigment shall consist of zinc hydroxy phosphite and shall conform to the requirements specified. Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the following test methods: chemical analysis; moisture loss; oil absorption; and sieve residue.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment having the general formula ZnHPO3·[ZnO·2Zn(OH)2].  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2019
• ICS: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.31 - Pigment Specifications

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4462-02(2012) - Standard Specification for Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2019
• Refers: ASTM D4450-85(2019) - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2019
• Refers: ASTM D4450-85(2012) - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Refers: ASTM D280-01(2012) - Standard Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Refers: ASTM D281-12 - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2012
• Refers: ASTM D4450-85(2007) - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Refers: ASTM D281-95(2007) - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Refers: ASTM D185-07 - Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Refers: ASTM D280-01(2007) - Standard Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2007
• Refers: ASTM D280-81(1995) - Standard Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
• Effective Date: 10-May-2001
• Refers: ASTM D280-01 - Standard Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
• Effective Date: 10-May-2001
• Refers: ASTM D185-84(1999) - Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments, Pastes, and Paints
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999
• Refers: ASTM D281-95(2002) - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-1995
• Refers: ASTM D281-95 - Standard Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-out
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-1995
• Refers: ASTM D4450-85(2002) - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment
• Effective Date: 25-Jan-1985

Overview

ASTM D4462-02(2019) is the internationally recognized Standard Specification for Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment, developed by ASTM International. This standard specifies requirements for zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment with the general formula ZnHPO₃·[ZnO·2Zn(OH)₂]. The document outlines the accepted composition, physical properties, and required test methods to ensure product quality. Its primary aim is to provide manufacturers, suppliers, and buyers with a consistent specification, supporting the use of zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment in various industrial applications.

Key Topics

• Composition Requirements: The pigment must primarily consist of zinc hydroxy phosphite, adhering to defined compositional limits for zinc (as ZnO), phosphorus (as H₃PO₃), moisture content, oil absorption, and residue on a No. 325 sieve. For instance:
  • Zinc (as ZnO): 74.7–79.7%
  • Phosphorus (as H₃PO₃): 18.5–20.1%
  • Moisture: Max 1.25%
  • Oil absorption: 15–22 lb/100 lb pigment
  • Sieve residue: Max 1.0%
• Physical Properties: The pigment is white in color, with shade and tinting strength determined by agreed reference samples between purchaser and seller.
• Sampling Guidelines: Detailed procedures specify how and from where pigment samples are to be collected from shipments for testing, ensuring consistency and representativeness in quality assessment.
• Testing Methods: The standard references recognized ASTM test methods for:
  • Chemical analysis (ASTM D4450)
  • Measurement of moisture loss (ASTM D280)
  • Oil absorption (ASTM D281)
  • Determination of coarse particles (ASTM D185)
• Mutual Agreements: For parameters or properties where test procedures are not specified, methodologies should be mutually agreed upon by purchaser and seller.

Applications

Zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment covered by ASTM D4462-02(2019) is widely used in the paint and coatings industry, especially for:

• Enhancing corrosion resistance in protective coatings
• Formulating primers and anticorrosive paints
• Manufacturing industrial coatings and special purpose paints where stable, white pigments are needed

This pigment's specific chemistry provides benefits in applications requiring durable, white, inorganic pigments with defined physical and chemical properties. Adherence to this standard ensures compatibility with other formulation ingredients and delivers reliable performance in finished products. By specifying rigorous test protocols and quality parameters, ASTM D4462-02(2019) helps manufacturers, specifiers, and purchasers maintain high standards of consistency, safety, and performance.

Related Standards

Consider referencing these related ASTM standards for more comprehensive pigment and coating quality management:

• ASTM D185: Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
• ASTM D280: Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
• ASTM D281: Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by Spatula Rub-Out
• ASTM D4450: Test Method for Analysis of Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment

For additional guidance on paint and pigment quality control and specification, review other standards from the ASTM D01 Committee on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications.

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Keywords: zinc hydroxy phosphite pigment, ASTM D4462, pigment specification, phosphorous acid pigment, zinc oxide pigment, pigment quality standards, industrial coatings, paint formulation, ASTM pigment standards.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D4462 −02 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite Pigment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4462; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 The mass color of the dry pigment is white. The shade
and tinting strength, when specified, shall be within mutually
1.1 This specification covers a zinc hydroxy phosphite
agreed upon limits of a reference sample acceptable by the
pigment having the general formula
purchaser and the seller as tested in an agreed test procedure.
ZnHPO ·[ZnO·2Zn(OH) ].
3 2
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
4. Sampling
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4.1 Two samples shall be taken at random from different
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
packages from each lot, batch, day’s pack, or other unit of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
production in a shipment. When no markings distinguishing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
between units of production appear, samples shall be taken
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
from different packages, in the ratio of two samples for each
10 000 lb (4545 kg), except that for shipments of less than
2. Referenced Documents
10 000 lb two samples shall be taken. At the option of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
purchaser, the samples may be tested separately or after
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
blending in equal quantities the samples from the same
D280 Test Methods for Hygroscopic Moisture (and Other
production unit to form a composite sample.
Matter Volatile Under the Test Conditions) in Pigments
D281 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by 5. Test Methods
Spatula Rub-out
5.1 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the follow-
D4450 Test Method forAnalysis of Zinc Hydroxy Phosphite
ingASTMtestmethods.TestproceduresnotcoveredbyASTM
Pigment
test methods shall be mutually agreed upon between the
purchaser and the seller.
3. Composition and Properties
5.2 Chemical Analysis—Test Method D4450.
3.1 The pigment shall consist of zinc hydroxy phosphite and
5.3 Moisture Loss—Determine the hygroscopic moisture
shall conform to the requirements in Table 1.
loss by Method A of Test Methods D280.
...