ASTM E1356-23

Standard Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperatures by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Differential scanning calorimetry provides a rapid test method for determining changes in specific heat capacity in a homogeneous material. The glass transition is manifested as a step change in specific heat capacity. For amorphous and semicrystalline materials the determination of the glass transition temperature may lead to important information about their thermal history, processing conditions, stability, progress of chemical reactions, and mechanical and electrical behavior.  
5.2 This test method is useful for research, quality control, and specification acceptance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the assignment of the glass transition temperatures of materials using differential scanning calorimetry or differential thermal analysis.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to amorphous materials or to partially crystalline materials containing amorphous regions, that are stable and do not undergo decomposition or sublimation in the glass transition region.  
1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from −120 °C to 500 °C. The temperature range may be extended, depending upon the instrumentation used.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 ISO standards 11357–2 is equivalent to this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2023
• ICS: 17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.01 - Calorimetry and Mass Loss

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1356 − 23
Standard Test Method for Assignment of the
Glass Transition Temperatures by Differential Scanning
1
Calorimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1356; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ASTM Test Methods
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
1.1 This test method covers the assignment of the glass
ology
transition temperatures of materials using differential scanning
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
calorimetry or differential thermal analysis.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.2 This test method is applicable to amorphous materials or
E967 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Differen-
to partially crystalline materials containing amorphous regions,
tial Scanning Calorimeters and Differential Thermal Ana-
that are stable and do not undergo decomposition or sublima-
lyzers
tion in the glass transition region.
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
3
1.3 The normal operating temperature range is from
2.2 ISO Standards:
−120 °C to 500 °C. The temperature range may be extended,
11357–2 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)-Part 2
depending upon the instrumentation used.
Determination of Glass Transition Temperature
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 Definitions:
standard.
3.1.1 Definitions—The following terms are applicable to
1.5 ISO standards 11357–2 is equivalent to this standard.
this test method and can be found in Terminologies E473 and
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E1142: differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); differential
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
thermal analysis (DTA); glass transition; glass transition
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
temperature (T ); and specific heat capacity.
g
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1 There are commonly used transition points associated
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
with the glass transition region—(see Fig. 1).
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.1.1 extrapolated end temperature, (T ), °C—the point of
e
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
intersection of the tangent drawn at the point of greatest slope
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
on the transition curve with the extrapolated baseline following
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the transition.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.1.2 extrapolated onset temperature, (T ), °C—the point
f
2. Referenced Documents of intersection of the tangent drawn at the point of greatest
2 slope on the transition curve with the extrapolated baseline
2.1 ASTM Standards:
prior to the transition.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
3.2.1.3 inflection temperature, (T ), °C—the point on the
i
thermal curve corresponding to the peak of the first derivative
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E37 on Thermal (with respect to time) of the parent thermal curve. This point
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Calo-
corresponds to the inflection point of the parent thermal curve.
rimetry and Mass Loss.
3.2.1.4 midpoint temperature, (T ), °C—the point on the
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2023. Published August 2023. Originally
m
1
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as E1356 – 08 (2014)
thermal curve corresponding to ⁄2 the heat flow difference
which was withdrawn March 2023 and reinstated in August 2023. DOI: 10.1520/
between the extrapolated onset and extrapolated end.
E1356-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

-------------
...