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ASTM F1148-00

(Specification)

Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground Equipment

Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground Equipment

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification provides safety requirements for various types of home playground equipment intended for use by children aged from over eighteen months through 10 years. Different age limits for various requirements are found in this specification. These limits reflect the nature of the hazards and the expected mental or physical ability, or both, of the child to cope with the hazards.
1.2 Home playground equipment is defined as any product in which the support structure remains stationary while the activity is taking place and is intended for a child to perform any of the following activities: climbing, swinging, sliding, rocking, spinning, crawling, or creeping, or combination thereof. Fitness equipment is specifically excluded unless attached to the play equipment. This specification is not intended to apply to juvenile care products such as, but not limited to, infant swings, playpens/enclosures, beds, or furniture (including outdoor furniture, such as picnic tables, cradle rockers, activity centers being used as walker substitutes, bouncers, jumpers, infant carriers, and products specifically designed for therapeutic use). This specification is not intended to apply to equipment to be used in places of public assembly such as schools, nurseries, day-care centers, and parks. Equipment intended to be in child-care centers in private homes is not exempt from the requirements of this specification. Such centers are defined as situations in which the child-care provider does not care for more than six children under the age of ten that are not residing in the household of the caregiver, and the total number of children under the age of ten does not exceed ten, including the caregiver's own children.
1.3 Methods of identifying products that comply with this consumer safety specification are given. The illustrations of home playground equipment shown in Figs. A1.1-A1.4 are for informational purposes only and are not intended to limit or endorse certain types of playground equipment or equipment features. These illustrations are not intended to limit the variety or various combinations of equipment that are covered by this consumer safety specification.
1.4 The purpose of this specification is to reduce the likelihood of life-threatening or debilitating injuries.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 If toy accessories or toy chests are attached to home playground equipment, they are applicable to this consumer safety specification and to any other applicable safety standards.
Note 1--See Annex A1 for figures referenced throughout this consumer safety performance specification.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-2000
ICS
97.200.40 - Playgrounds
Technical Committee
F15 - Consumer Products
Drafting Committee
F15.09 - Home Playground Equipment
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM F1148-03 - Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground Equipment
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003

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ASTM F1148-00 - Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground EquipmentASTM F1148-00 - Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground Equipment
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ASTM F1148-00 - Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground Equipment
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F 1148 – 00
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for
1
Home Playground Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1148; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4 The purpose of this specification is to reduce the
likelihood of life-threatening or debilitating injuries.
1.1 This consumer safety specification provides safety re-
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
quirements for various types of home playground equipment
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
intended for use by children aged from over eighteen months
information only.
through 10 years. Different age limits for various requirements
1.6 If toy accessories or toy chests are attached to home
are found in this specification.These limits reflect the nature of
playground equipment, they are applicable to this consumer
thehazardsandtheexpectedmentalorphysicalability,orboth,
safety specification and to any other applicable safety stan-
of the child to cope with the hazards.
dards.
1.2 Home playground equipment is defined as any product
in which the support structure remains stationary while the
NOTE 1—See Annex A1 for figures referenced throughout this con-
activity is taking place and is intended for a child to perform sumer safety performance specification.
any of the following activities: climbing, swinging, sliding,
2. Referenced Documents
rocking, spinning, crawling, or creeping, or combination
thereof. Fitness equipment is specifically excluded unless 2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
attached to the play equipment. This specification is not
2
intended to apply to juvenile care products such as, but not Hardness
2.2 Federal Standards:
limited to, infant swings, playpens/enclosures, beds, or furni-
ture (including outdoor furniture, such as picnic tables, cradle 16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain
3
Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
rockers, activity centers being used as walker substitutes,
bouncers, jumpers, infant carriers, and products specifically 16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, in-
3
cluding sections:
designed for therapeutic use).This specification is not intended
to apply to equipment to be used in places of public assembly 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp
Point in Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by
such as schools, nurseries, day-care centers, and parks. Equip-
Children Under 8 Years of Age
ment intended to be in child-care centers in private homes is
not exempt from the requirements of this specification. Such 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp
Metal or Glass Edge in Toys and Other Articles Intended
centers are defined as situations in which the child-care
provider does not care for more than six children under the age for Use by Children Under 8 Years of Age
1500.52 and .53 Test Methods for Simulating Use and
of ten that are not residing in the household of the caregiver,
and the total number of children under the age of ten does not Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by
Children
exceed ten, including the caregiver’s own children.
1.3 Methods of identifying products that comply with this 16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other
Articles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years of
consumer safety specification are given. The illustrations of
home playground equipment shown in Figs.A1.1–A1.4 are for Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion
3
Hazards Because of Small Parts
informational purposes only and are not intended to limit or
4
endorse certain types of playground equipment or equipment Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 218
2.3 Society for Automotive Engineers Recommended Prac-
features.Theseillustrationsarenotintendedtolimitthevariety
5
or various combinations of equipment that are covered by this tice:
consumer safety specification.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
3
Available from Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on 20207.
4
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.09 on Available from National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 400 7th St.
Home Playground Equipment. SW, Washington, DC 20590.
5
Current edition approved June 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally Available from the Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth
published as F 1148 – 88. Last previous edition F 1148 – 98c. Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096
...

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Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground Equipment

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification provides safety requirements for various types of home playground equipment intended for use by children aged from over 18 months through 10 years. It further provides such requirements for swings intended specifically for toddlers. Different age limits for various requirements are found in this specification. These limits reflect the nature of the hazards and the expected mental or physical ability, or both, of the child to cope with the hazards.  
1.2 Home playground equipment is defined as any product in which the support structure remains stationary while the activity is taking place and is intended for a child to perform any of the following activities: climbing, swinging, sliding, rocking, spinning, crawling, or creeping, or combination thereof. Fitness equipment is specifically excluded unless attached to the play equipment. This specification is not intended to apply to juvenile care products such as, but not limited to, infant swings, playpens/enclosures, beds, or furniture (including outdoor furniture, such as picnic tables, cradle rockers, activity centers being used as walker substitutes, bouncers, jumpers, infant carriers, and products specifically designed for therapeutic use). This specification is not intended to apply to equipment to be used in places of public assembly such as schools, nurseries, day-care centers, and parks. Equipment intended to be in child-care centers in private homes is not exempt from the requirements of this specification. Such centers are defined as situations in which the child-care provider does not care for more than six children under the age of ten that are not residing in the household of the caregiver, and the total number of children under the age of ten does not exceed ten, including the caregiver's own children. Electrically operated constant air inflatable devices are exempted from the requirements of this specification. Free standing play houses are exempt from this standard where the intent is that the child is standing or seated with their feet on the ground with no climbing, sliding, or swinging activities.  
1.3 Methods of identifying products that comply with this consumer safety specification are given. The illustrations of home playground equipment shown in Figs. A1.1-A1.4 are for informational purposes only and are not intended to limit or endorse certain types of playground equipment or equipment features. These illustrations are not intended to limit the variety or various combinations of equipment that are covered by this consumer safety specification.  
1.4 The purpose of this specification is to reduce the likelihood of life-threatening or debilitating injuries.  
1.5 If toy accessories or toy chests are attached to home playground equipment, they are applicable to this consumer safety specification and to any other applicable safety standards.
Note 1: See Annex A1 for figures referenced throughout this consumer safety performance specification.  
1.6 General Measures, Tolerances, and Conversions:  
1.6.1 The general tolerances for this specification (unless otherwise specified) are as follows:    
Dimension  
Tolerance  
X   in.  
±0.5 in.  
X.X   in.  
±0.05 in.  
X.XX   in.  
±0.005 in.  
Angle: ± 1°  
Force in N:  
±1.125 lbf (±5 N)  
Weight in lbs:  
Weight in lbs.  
>220 lb (100 kg) ±2 lb (0.90 kg)
These tolerances apply to all dimensions unless otherwise stated or when listed using terms like greater than, less than, minimum, or maximum are used.  
1.6.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6.3 The metric conversion factors:    
inch (in.) to millimetre (mm):  
1 in. = 25.4 mm  
pound (lb) to kilogram (kg):  
1 lb = 0.45359 kg  
pound-force (lbf) to newton (N):  
1 lbf = 4.4482 N  
1.6.4 See Annex A1 fo...

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ASTM F1918-21(Specification)
Standard Safety Performance Specification for Soft Contained Play Equipment

SCOPE
1.1 This safety performance specification provides safety and performance standards for soft contained play equipment. Its purpose is to reduce the potential for life-threatening and debilitating injuries.  
1.2 The range of users encompassed by this safety performance specification is the 5th  percentile 2 year old to the 95th  percentile 12 year old.  
1.3 Public playground equipment, home playground equipment, sports equipment, amusement rides, fitness equipment not part of the play system, water-related attractions and devices, and toys and juvenile products are not included in this specification.  
1.4 This specification does not address accessibility, except as it pertains to safety issues not covered in The Americans With Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG).2  
1.5 This safety performance specification includes the following sections:
Title  
Section
Number  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
General Requirements  
4  
Materials and Manufacture  
5  
Performance Requirements  
6  
Requirements for Access/Egress  
7  
Equipment  
8  
Areas Outside Equipment  
9  
Structural Integrity  
10  
Maintenance  
11  
Fire Safety  
12  
Evacuation  
13  
Figures  
Annex A1  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1487-21(Specification)
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Playground Equipment for Public Use

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety performance specification provides safety and performance standards for various types of public playground equipment and dimensional requirements for their clearance and use zones. Its purpose is to reduce life-threatening and debilitating injuries.  
1.2 The range of users encompassed by this consumer safety performance specification is the 5th percentile 2-year-old through the 95th percentile 12-year-old.  
1.3 Home playground equipment, toys, amusement rides, sports equipment, fitness equipment intended for users over the age of 12, public use play equipment for children 6 to 24 months, and soft contained play equipment are not included in this specification.  
1.4 Products or materials (site furnishings) that are installed outside the equipment use zone, such as benches, tables, independent shade structures, and borders used to contain protective surfacing, are not considered playground equipment and are not included in this specification.  
1.5 This specification does not address accessibility, except as it pertains to safety issues not covered in the DOJ 2010 Standard for Accessible Design.  
1.6 This consumer safety performance specification includes the following sections:    
Title  
Section Number    
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Materials and Manufacture  
4  
General Requirements  
5  
Performance Requirements  
6  
Requirements for Access/Egress  
7  
Equipment  
8  
Playground Layout  
9  
Accessibility  
10  
Installation  
11  
Structural Integrity  
12  
Maintenance  
13  
Signs or Labels, or Both  
14  
Manufacturer Identification  
15  
Keywords  
16  
Figures  
Annex A1  
Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA)  
Appendix X1  
1.6.1 The requirements in this specification are designed to mitigate the hazards typically presented by various types of equipment. New equipment may not specifically fit into the designated types listed in the specification; however, the designer or manufacturer, or both, shall use professional judgment to perform and document a hazard analysis and follow appropriate requirements to mitigate the hazards.
Note 1: See Appendix X1 at the end of this standard to find more information on how one might conduct such an assessment as stated in this section.  
1.7 General Measures, Tolerances, and Conversions:  
1.7.1 The general tolerances for this specification (unless otherwise specified) are as follows:    
Dimension  
Tolerance  
X   in.  
±0.5 in.  
X.X   in.  
±0.05 in.  
X.XX   in.  
±0.005 in.
These tolerances still apply to a dimension even when terms like greater than, less than, minimum, or maximum are used.  
1.7.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.7.3 The conversion factor from inch-pound to metric units is 1 in. = 25.4 mm, and 1 lb = 0.45359 kg.  
1.7.4 See Annex A1 for figures referenced throughout this specification.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM F2376-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Classification, Design, Manufacture, Construction, and Operation of Water Slide Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the classification, design, manufacture, construction, auditing, major modification, and operation of water slide systems. Water slide systems shall be defined as rides intended for use by riders in bathing attire where the action of the ride involves possible and purposeful immersion of the rider's body either in whole or in part in water, and uses circulating water to mobilize or lubricate the rider’s transportation along a purpose built path. This includes slides used with or without vehicles as defined below. The terms water slides, waterslides, and slides shall be considered equivalent when used in this practice.  
1.1.1 Owner/operator requirements of this standard are required of all water slide systems regardless of date of construction.  
1.1.2 The design, manufacture and construction of an existing water slide or portions of a water slide system unaffected by a major modification shall meet the standard requirements in existence at the time of the construction.  
1.2 For the purposes of this practice, a water slide system includes:  
1.2.1 The flume,  
1.2.2 The water-circulation system,  
1.2.3 The starting platform with associated means of access and egress,  
1.2.4 The structural supports,  
1.2.5 Vehicles or other aquatic accessories that are part of the water slide as defined by the manufacturer, and  
1.2.6 Means of slide termination.  
1.3 This practice shall not apply to:  
1.3.1 Any water slides installed in private residences,  
1.3.2 Water flume amusement rides where contact with water is merely incidental (for example, log flume rides, shoot-the-chutes),  
1.3.3 Amusement rides and devices whose design criteria are specifically addressed in another ASTM standard,  
1.3.4 Lazy river type attractions operating at constant elevation, constructed in the ground,  
1.3.5 Inflatable water slides (constant air supply) that are mounted on land (refer to Practice F2374-22 for the requirements of these types of water slides),  
1.3.6 Inflatable water slides (captured air) that are floating on a body of water (refer to EN/ISO 25649-2017, parts 1 through 7), and  
1.3.7 Water slides less than 6 ft tall. (Refer to Practice F2461-20a for the requirements of slides less than 6 ft tall.)  
1.4 Pre-existing designs manufactured after the effective date of publication of this practice if the design is service proven or previously compliant, as defined in Terminology F747-22, and the manufacturer provides:  
1.4.1 A historical summary of the water slide, or major modification as defined in Terminology F747-22, and  
1.4.2 A statement that the design is service proven or previously compliant. Water slides and major modifications to water slides may qualify as previously compliant for five years following the date of publication of this practice. Thereafter, water slides and major modifications to water slides must qualify as service proven or meet the requirements of this practice.  
1.4.3 Service proven or previously compliant designs shall comply with Section 4.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
Note 1: The conversion factor from inch-pound to metric units is 1 in. = 25.4 mm, and 1 lb = 4.4482 N.  
1.6 This practice includes an Appendix, which provides additional information to enhance the user's understanding of and application of the criteria presented in this practice, for example, rationale, background, drawings, interpretation, or commentary. The information in the Appendix shall not be considered a mandatory part of this practice.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This intern...

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ASTM F3168-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Hayride Attractions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this standard practice is to delineate requirements regarding the design, operation, maintenance and inspection of hayride attractions with the primary purpose of entertainment, recreation or agritourism.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to hayride attractions used primarily in amusement, entertainment, recreational or agritourism applications. Such applications include but are not limited to family entertainment centers, camps, shopping centers, malls, seasonal attractions, pumpkin patches, corn mazes, farms, tree farms, temporary special events, fairs, carnivals and municipal parks.  
1.2 This practice is intended to provide consistent criteria, references and operational considerations in the specifications, management and operation of hayride attractions.  
1.3 This practice establishes guidelines that will provide a level of conformity for the purpose of reducing potential hazards to patrons, attendants, actors and spectators.  
1.4 This practice is intended to be taken into consideration by architects, designers, engineers, construction contractors, manufacturers, appropriate inspectors, owners and operators who are involved with the design, construction, manufacture, installation, operation, maintenance, inspection or major modification of hayride attractions.  
1.5 This practice specifically includes the following types of devices or attractions:  
1.5.1 Hayride attractions used as an element or in combination with another hayride attraction, corn maze, zombie walk, paintball game, tree harvesting farm, seasonal attraction, haunted house, haunted attraction, fair, exposition or agritourism event.  
1.5.2 Hayride attractions used primarily in off road applications, fixed courses or designated areas.
1.5.2.1 Hayride attractions in this standard are towed by mechanical means.  
1.6 This practice specifically excludes the following types of devices or attractions:  
1.6.1 Hayride attractions designed exclusively for private or home use.  
1.6.2 Amusement rides, devices or attractions with a mechanical power rating of 27 (hp) or less and commonly referred to as a trackless train, mall train, tandem wagon or barrel train.  
1.6.3 Animal powered or drawn carriages, wagons or trailers.  
1.6.4 Human powered or drawn carriages, wagons or trailers.  
1.6.5 Passenger trams used primarily in amusement parks, theme parks, zoos, wildlife parks or water parks.  
1.6.6 Amusement rides, devices or attractions where the passenger carriers are guided by a rail or track system.  
1.6.7 Parade floats.  
1.7 This standard practice does not purport to address all of the hazards associated with hayride attractions. The practice’s existence alone will not prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, hayride attraction use involves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is used improperly or if users fail to follow the posted rules or fail to follow attendant’s instructions. The text of this standard practice references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.8 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory criteria.  
1.9 This standard includes the following sections:    
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Significance and Use  
4  
Design  
5  
Ownership, Operation, Maintenance, Inspection and Training Requirements  
6  
Requirements  
6.1  
Adjustments  
6.2  
Loading and Unloading  
6.3  
Owner/Operator Responsibilities  
6.4  
Inspection Program  
6.5  
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ASTM F1292-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Impact Attenuation of Surfacing Materials Within the Use Zone of Playground Equipment

ABSTRACT
This specification specifies impact attenuation performance requirements for playground surfaces and surfacing materials and provides a means of determining impact attenuation performance using a test method that simulates the impact of a child’s head with the surface. The test method quantifies impact in terms of g-max and Head Injury Criterion (HIC) scores. G-max is the measure of the maximum acceleration (shock) produced by an impact. The Head Injury Criterion or HIC score is an empirical measure of impact severity based on published research describing the relationship between the magnitude and duration of impact accelerations and the risk of head trauma..Two test methods shall be used to determine the impact attenuation of a playground surface or surfacing materials: critical fall height test, and installed surface performance test. The following apparatus shall be required for implementation of the two test methods: temperature measuring device, impact test system, acceleration measurement system, drop height measurement system, and battery-operated equipment.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 The purpose of this specification is to establish minimum impact attenuation requirements for playground surfacing materials in order to reduce the risk of severe head injury from falls.  
6.2 This specification provides a uniform means of quantifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials and is appropriately used to compare the relative performance of different playground surfacing materials.  
6.3 This specification is to be used as a reference for specifying the impact attenuation performance of playground surfacing materials.  
6.4 In combination with data relating impact test scores to head injury, the information generated by application of this specification is suitable to estimate the relative risk of a severe head injury due to a fall.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance requirements for the impact attenuation of playground surfacing materials installed within the use zone of playground equipment.  
1.2 This specification is specific to surfacing used in conjunction with playground equipment, such as that described in Specifications F1148, F1487, F1918, CSAZ614 (Canada), and SS457 (Singapore).  
1.3 This specification establishes an impact attenuation performance criterion for playground surfacing materials; expressed as a critical fall height.  
1.4 This specification establishes procedures for determining the critical fall height of playground surfacing materials under laboratory conditions. The laboratory test is mandatory for surfaces to conform to the requirements of this specification.  
1.5 The laboratory test required by this specification addresses the performance of dry surfacing materials.  
1.6 This specification also provides optional procedures to determine the critical fall height under wet or frozen test conditions, or both.  
1.7 The critical fall height of a playground surfacing material determined under laboratory conditions does not account for important factors that have the potential to influence the actual performance of installed surfacing materials. Factors that are known to affect surfacing material performance include but are not limited to aging, moisture, maintenance, exposure to temperature extremes (for example, freezing), exposure to ultraviolet light, contamination with other materials, compaction, loss of thickness, shrinkage, submersion in water, and so forth.  
1.8 The impact attenuation specification and test methods established in this specification are specific to the risk of head injury. There is only limited evidence that conformance with the requirements of this specification reduces the risk of other kinds of serious injury (for example, long bone fractures).
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ASTM F3158-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Patron Transportation Conveyors Used with a Water Related Amusement Ride or Device

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of this practice is to provide designers, engineers, manufactures, owners, and operators with criteria and references for use in designing, inspecting, and operating patron transportation conveyor systems which are integral with a water related ride or device.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice applies to the classification, design, manufacture, construction, and operation of patron transportation conveyors, integral with the operation of water related amusement rides or devices as scoped in Practice F2376-21a.  
1.2 This practice applies to conveyors used for patron loading/unloading or to transport patrons on rafts, tubes, or other vehicles. Loading, sequencing, transitioning, starting, and unloading conveyors that carry patrons are included in the scope of this practice.  
1.3 This practice shall affect new conveying systems or major modifications of conveyors used in an amusement ride or attraction.  
1.4 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory design criteria.  
1.5 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F1148-22(Specification)
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Home Playground Equipment

SCOPE
1.1 This consumer safety specification provides safety requirements for various types of home playground equipment intended for use by children aged from over 18 months through 10 years. It further provides such requirements for swings intended specifically for toddlers. Different age limits for various requirements are found in this specification. These limits reflect the nature of the hazards and the expected mental or physical ability, or both, of the child to cope with the hazards.  
1.2 Home playground equipment is defined as any product in which the support structure remains stationary while the activity is taking place and is intended for a child to perform any of the following activities: climbing, swinging, sliding, rocking, spinning, crawling, or creeping, or combination thereof. Fitness equipment is specifically excluded unless attached to the play equipment. This specification is not intended to apply to juvenile care products such as, but not limited to, infant swings, playpens/enclosures, beds, or furniture (including outdoor furniture, such as picnic tables, cradle rockers, activity centers being used as walker substitutes, bouncers, jumpers, infant carriers, and products specifically designed for therapeutic use). This specification is not intended to apply to equipment to be used in places of public assembly such as schools, nurseries, day-care centers, and parks. Equipment intended to be in child-care centers in private homes is not exempt from the requirements of this specification. Such centers are defined as situations in which the child-care provider does not care for more than six children under the age of ten that are not residing in the household of the caregiver, and the total number of children under the age of ten does not exceed ten, including the caregiver's own children. Electrically operated constant air inflatable devices are exempted from the requirements of this specification. Free standing play houses are exempt from this standard where the intent is that the child is standing or seated with their feet on the ground with no climbing, sliding, or swinging activities.  
1.3 Methods of identifying products that comply with this consumer safety specification are given. The illustrations of home playground equipment shown in Figs. A1.1-A1.4 are for informational purposes only and are not intended to limit or endorse certain types of playground equipment or equipment features. These illustrations are not intended to limit the variety or various combinations of equipment that are covered by this consumer safety specification.  
1.4 The purpose of this specification is to reduce the likelihood of life-threatening or debilitating injuries.  
1.5 If toy accessories or toy chests are attached to home playground equipment, they are applicable to this consumer safety specification and to any other applicable safety standards.
Note 1: See Annex A1 for figures referenced throughout this consumer safety performance specification.  
1.6 General Measures, Tolerances, and Conversions:  
1.6.1 The general tolerances for this specification (unless otherwise specified) are as follows:    
Dimension  
Tolerance  
X   in.  
±0.5 in.  
X.X   in.  
±0.05 in.  
X.XX   in.  
±0.005 in.  
Angle: ± 1°  
Force in N:  
±1.125 lbf (±5 N)  
Weight in lbs:  
Weight in lbs.  
>220 lb (100 kg) ±2 lb (0.90 kg)
These tolerances apply to all dimensions unless otherwise stated or when listed using terms like greater than, less than, minimum, or maximum are used.  
1.6.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only.  
1.6.3 The metric conversion factors:    
inch (in.) to millimetre (mm):  
1 in. = 25.4 mm  
pound (lb) to kilogram (kg):  
1 lb = 0.45359 kg  
pound-force (lbf) to newton (N):  
1 lbf = 4.4482 N  
1.6.4 See Annex A1 fo...

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ASTM
ASTM F3012-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Loose-Fill Rubber for Use as a Playground Safety Surface under and around Playground Equipment

ABSTRACT
This specification covers test methods and performance requirements for loose-fill rubber playground-surfacing products and is intended to complement existing ASTM International standards for determining the shock attenuation and accessibility of a playground surface. The objective of this specification is to assist playground designers and specifiers, owner/operators, and playground-surfacing suppliers in evaluating loose-fill rubber products for playground use. The test methods and performance requirements cover particle size distribution, extractable hazardous metal content, total lead content, tramp metal content, and sharp tramp metal content. It does not address the accessibility of loose-fill rubber playground surfacing, or the release of organic chemicals from loose-fill rubber intended to be used as a playground surface. Included are tables that designate a sample of loose-fill rubber in the form of nuggets; a sample of loose-fill rubber in form of buffings tested; maximum allowable soluble concentration in mg/L; and analytical correction for antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and selenium.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes test methods and performance requirements for particle size distribution, extractable hazardous metal content, total lead content, tramp metal content, and sharp tramp metal content for loose-fill rubber that is intended to be used as a playground surface.  
1.2 This specification does not contain test methods or performance requirements for the accessibility of loose-fill rubber playground surfacing. The specification also does not establish test methods or performance requirements to characterize the release of organic chemicals from loose-fill rubber intended to be used as a playground surface. Appendix X1 and Appendix X2 contain additional information on these topics.  
1.3 If loose-fill rubber which meets the requirements of this standard is to be installed in the use zone of playground equipment, it must also comply with Specification F1292.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F1918-21(Specification)
Standard Safety Performance Specification for Soft Contained Play Equipment

SCOPE
1.1 This safety performance specification provides safety and performance standards for soft contained play equipment. Its purpose is to reduce the potential for life-threatening and debilitating injuries.  
1.2 The range of users encompassed by this safety performance specification is the 5th  percentile 2 year old to the 95th  percentile 12 year old.  
1.3 Public playground equipment, home playground equipment, sports equipment, amusement rides, fitness equipment not part of the play system, water-related attractions and devices, and toys and juvenile products are not included in this specification.  
1.4 This specification does not address accessibility, except as it pertains to safety issues not covered in The Americans With Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG).2  
1.5 This safety performance specification includes the following sections:
Title  
Section
Number  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
General Requirements  
4  
Materials and Manufacture  
5  
Performance Requirements  
6  
Requirements for Access/Egress  
7  
Equipment  
8  
Areas Outside Equipment  
9  
Structural Integrity  
10  
Maintenance  
11  
Fire Safety  
12  
Evacuation  
13  
Figures  
Annex A1  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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