ASTM D4869/D4869M-05(2011)e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in Steep Slope Roofing
Standard Specification for Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in Steep Slope Roofing
ABSTRACT
This specification covers asphalt-saturated organic felt for use as an underlayment in steep slope roofing. The objective of this specification is to provide a finished product that will lie flat and resist wrinkling, puckering, and shrinking when left exposed to the sun, rain, frost, or dew for a period of two weeks after application. In the process of manufacture, a single thickness of organic dry felt shall be uniformly saturated with an asphaltic saturant and the felt shall be produced principally from organic fibers. The surface of the felt shall be uniform and relatively smooth and upon splitting or tearing on the bias, the felt shall appear free of lumps or particles of foreign substances. The material shall conform to the prescribed physical requirements such as tear strength, pliability, loss on heating, liquid water transmission, breaking strength, and dimensional stability, and to the specified dimension and mass requirements such as roll width, roll area, net mass of saturated felt, net mass of desaturated felt, saturation, moisture, and saturating efficiency. The finished product shall not crack nor be so sticky as to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled. The following tests shall be taken: (1) determination of saturation percent of felt, (2) determination of resistance to liquid water transmission using water shower exposure test, and (3) test for dimensional stability to low and high humidity. The water shower exposure test for underlayment is illustrated.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphalt-saturated organic felt for use as an underlayment with steep slope roofing.
1.2 The objective of this specification is to provide a finished product that will lie flat and resist wrinkling, puckering, and shrinking when left exposed to the sun, rain, frost, or dew for a period of two weeks after application.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D4869/D4869M −05(Reapproved 2011)
Standard Specification for
Asphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in Steep
Slope Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4869/D4869M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
´ NOTE—Units information was editorially revised in July 2011.
1. Scope Roofing and Waterproofing
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
1.1 This specification covers asphalt-saturated organic felt
D1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of
for use as an underlayment with steep slope roofing.
Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method
1.2 The objective of this specification is to provide a
D6136 Test Method for Kerosine Number of Unsaturated
finished product that will lie flat and resist wrinkling,
(Dry) Felt by Vacuum Method
puckering, and shrinking when left exposed to the sun, rain,
F1087 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Stability of a
frost, or dew for a period of two weeks after application.
Gasket Material to Moisture
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3. Terminology
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining specification, refer to Terminology D1079.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
4. Classification
with the standard.
4.1 Asphalt-saturated felts covered by this specification are
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
of four types:
test method portion, Section 8, of this specification:This
4.1.1 Type I—#8 Underlayment,
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
4.1.2 Type II—#13 Underlayment,
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
4.1.3 Type III—#20 Underlayment, and
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
4.1.4 Type IV—#26 Underlayment.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use.
5. Materials and Manufacture
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 In the process of manufacture, a single thickness of
2 organic dry felt shall be uniformly saturated with an asphaltic
2.1 ASTM Standards:
saturant.
D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid Bituminous
Materials (Pycnometer Method) 5.2 The felt shall be produced principally from organic
D146 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Bitumen- fibers. The surface of the felt shall be uniform and relatively
Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing and smooth. Upon splitting or tearing on the bias, the felt shall
Waterproofing appear free of lumps or particles of foreign substances.
D228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis of
6. Physical Requirements
Asphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used in
6.1 The material shall conform to the physical requirements
in accordance with Table 1 and the dimensions and masses in
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
accordance with Table 2.
Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02
on Steep Roofing Products and Assemblies.
6.2 The finished product shall not crack nor be so sticky as
Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally approved
to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled at
ϵ1
in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4869 – 05 . DOI: 10.1520/
temperatures between 0 and 60°C [32 and 140°F].
D4869_D4869M-05R11E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.3 The finished product shall pass the water shower expo-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
sure test in accordance with 8.3, indicating resistance to liquid
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. water transmission.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4869/D4869M−05 (2011)
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
Type I Type II Type III Type IV
Tear strength, 23 ± 2°C [73 ± 4°F] min, N [lbf] 2.0 2.0 4.0 4.0
(both cross and with direction of sheet) [0.45] [0.45] [0.90] [0.90]
Pliability at 23 ± 2°C [73 ± 4°F]. Ten strips 12.7 mm 12.7 mm 19.1 mm 19.1 mm
tested shall not crack when bent 90° at a [0.50 in.] [0.50 in.] [0.75 in.] [0.75 in.]
uniform speed over a rounded corner of
radius in table for each type.
Loss on heating at 105°C [221°F] for 5 h max, % 6 6 6 6
Liquid water transmission test Pass Pass Pass Pass
Breaking strength at 23 ± 2°C [73 ± 4°F], kN/m 5.3 [30] 5.3 [30] 7.0 [40] 7.0 [40]
[lbf/in.], min MD and CD 2.6 [15] 2.6 [15] 3.5 [20] 3.5 [20]
Dimensional stability, max, % 2.00 2.00 1.75 1.75
(MD and CD, from Low Humidity to High Humidity)
TABLE 2 Dimensions and Masses
Type I Type II Type III Type IV
A
Width of the roll, mm [in.] 914 [36] ± 0.7 % 914 [36] ± 0.7 % 914 [36] ± 0.7 % 914 [36] ± 0.7 %
2 2 A
Area of the roll, m [ft ], min 40.13 [432] 40.13 [432] 20.07 [216] 20.07 [216]
Net mass of saturated felt, g/m 390 [8.0] 635 [13.0] 976 [20] 1270 [26]
[lb/100 ft ], min
Net mass of saturant, g/m 195 [4.0] 293 [6.0] 615 [12.6] 732 [15.0]
[lb/100 ft ], min
Net mass of desaturated felt, g/m 195 [4.0] 244 [5.0] 439 [9.0] 488 [10.0]
[lb/100 ft ], min
Saturation, % by wt., min 100 120 140 150
B
Moisture, % by wt. , min 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Saturating efficiency, % by wt., min 75.0 70.0 70.0 70.0
A
Other areas and widths can be provided as agreed upon by purchaser and seller.
B
At time of manufacture.
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance multiply the result by 100. A suitable method for determining
the specific gravity of the bitumen is Test Method D70.
7.1 The felt shall be thoroughly and uniformly saturated,
8.2.4 The precision and bias of this method for measuring
and shall show no unsaturated spots at any point upon cutting
kerosine value are as specified in Test Method D6136, Section
50-mm [2-in.] wide strips at random across the entire sheet and
12 (Precision and Bias).
splitting them open for their full length.
7.2 The saturated felt may be surfaced lightly on one side 8.3 Determine the resistance to liquid water transmission by
with talc or other finely comminuted mineral material to
the following test method:
prevent sticking in the roll.
8.3.1 Scope—The purpose of this test method is to indicate
the resistance of the material to transmission of liquid water
7.3 The finished material shall be free of visible external
and visible deterioration by observation of the material after a
defects, such as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks,
water shower is impinged for4honan inclined plane typical
tears, protuberances, and indentations.
of the lowest acceptable steep slope roof deck.
8. Sampling and Test Methods
8.3.2 Significance and Use—This test method measures the
ability of the underlayment to resist the transmission of liquid
8.1 Sample the material in accordance with Test Method
water and visible deterioration by the action of water and,
D146 and determine the properties enumerated in this specifi-
hence, function as intended. A function of underlayment is to
cation in accordance with Test Methods D146,
...
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