iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM E870-82(2006)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels

Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods of analysis described herein can be used for the proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and the determination of the gross caloric value of wood fuels.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the proximate and ultimate analysis of wood fuels and the determination of the gross caloric value of wood fuels sampled and prepared by prescribed test methods and analyzed according to ASTM established procedures. Test methods as herein described may be used to establish the rank of fuels, to show the ratio of combustible to incombustible constituents, to provide the basis for buying and selling, and to evaluate for beneficiation or for other purposes.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2006
ICS
75.160.10 - Solid fuels
Technical Committee
E48 - Bioenergy and Industrial Chemicals from Biomass
Drafting Committee
E48.05 - Biomass Conversion
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E870-82(1998)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006
Replaced By
ASTM E870-82(2013) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels
Effective Date
01-Jun-2013
Referred By
ASTM E1705-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Bioenergy and Industrial Chemicals from Biomass
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006

Buy Standard

ASTM E870-82(2006) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood FuelsASTM E870-82(2006) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM E870-82(2006) - Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels
English language
2 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E870 − 82(Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Methods for
Analysis of Wood Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E870; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 These test methods cover the proximate and ultimate 3.1 proximate analysis—an assay of the moisture, ash,
analysis of wood fuels and the determination of the gross volatile matter, and fixed carbon as determined by prescribed
caloric value of wood fuels sampled and prepared by pre- test methods. Other constituents such as sulfur and phosphorus
scribed test methods and analyzed according to ASTM estab- are not included.
lished procedures. Test methods as herein described may be
3.2 ultimate analysis—the determination of carbon and
used to establish the rank of fuels, to show the ratio of
hydrogen in the material, as found in the gaseous products of
combustible to incombustible constituents, to provide the basis
its complete combustion, the determination of sulfur, nitrogen,
for buying and selling, and to evaluate for beneficiation or for
and ash in the material as a whole, and the calculation of
other purposes.
oxygen by difference.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 4.1 These test methods of analysis described herein can be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
used for the proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. determination of the gross caloric value of wood fuels.
5. Procedure
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Moisture—Method E871.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1102 Test Method for Ash in Wood
5.2 Ash—Test Method D1102.
E711 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-
5.3 Volatile Matter—Test Method E872.
Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter (Withdrawn
5.4 Fixed Carbon—Thefixedcarbonisacalculatedvalue.It
2011)
is the resultant of the summation of percentage moisture, ash,
E775 Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample
and volatile matter subtracted from 100. All percentages shall
of Refuse-Derived Fuel
be on the same moisture reference base.
E777 Test Method for Carbon and Hydrogen in theAnalysis
Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel
5.5 Carbon and Hydrogen—Test Method E777.
E778 Test Methods for Nitrogen in the Analysis Sample of
5.6 Sulfur—Test Methods E775.
Refuse-Derived Fuel
5.7 Nitrogen—Test Methods E778.
E871 Test Method for Moisture Analysis of Particulate
Wood Fuels
5.8 Ox
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E870-82(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Wood Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods of analysis described herein can be used for the proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, and the determination of the gross caloric value of wood fuels.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the proximate and ultimate analysis of wood fuels and the determination of the gross caloric value of wood fuels sampled and prepared by prescribed test methods and analyzed according to ASTM established procedures. Test methods as herein described may be used to establish the rank of fuels, to show the ratio of combustible to incombustible constituents, to provide the basis for buying and selling, and to evaluate for beneficiation or for other purposes.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E871-82(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Moisture Analysis of Particulate Wood Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test procedures described in this test method can be used to determine the total weight basis moisture of any particulate wood fuel meeting the requirements specified in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total weight basis moisture in the analysis sample of particulate wood fuel. The particulate wood fuel may be sanderdust, sawdust, pellets, green tree chips, hogged fuel, or other type particulate wood fuel having a maximum particle volume of 16.39 cm3  (1 in.3). It is used for calculating other analytical results to a dry basis. Moisture, when determined as herein described, may be used to indicate yields on processes, to provide the basis for purchasing and selling, or to establish burning characteristics.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E872-82(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis of Particulate Wood Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The test procedures described in this test method can be used to determine the percentage of gaseous products, exclusive of moisture vapor, of any particulate wood fuel meeting the requirements specified in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the percentage of gaseous products, exclusive of moisture vapor, in the analysis sample of particulate wood fuel that is released under the specific conditions of the test. The particulate wood fuel may be sanderdust, sawdust, pellets, green tree chips, hogged fuel, or other type particulate wood fuel having a maximum particle volume of 16.39 cm3  (1 in.3). Volatile matter, when determined as herein described, may be used to indicate yields on processes to provide the basis for purchasing and selling or to establish burning characteristics.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1358-97(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Moisture Content of Particulate Wood Fuels Using a Microwave Oven

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a rapid determination for moisture in particulate wood fuels in several minutes. The standard method, Test Method E871, requires a minimum of 18 h. This method is applicable to situations such as the spot-check of the moisture delivered by truck where a quick indication of the moisture of wood delivered is desirable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides an alternative method to Test Method E871, for the determination of the moisture of particulate wood fuels. Particulate wood fuels are defined in Terminology E1126.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E873-82(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Bulk Density of Densified Particulate Biomass Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 The test procedures described in this test method can be used to determine the bulk density (or bulk specific weight) of any densified particulate biomass fuel meeting the requirements specified in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the determination of bulk density (or bulk specific weight) of densified particulate biomass fuels with a maximum particle volume of 16.39 cm3  (1 in. 3).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E1534-93(2019)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ash Content of Particulate Wood Fuels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ash content determines the weight of the noncombustible part of a particulate wood fuel that oxidizes during a combustion process but releases no energy.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of ash expressed as the percent of residue remaining after dry oxidation of particulate wood fuels. Particulate wood fuels are defined in Terminology E1126.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3176-24(Practice)
Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Summarizing the ash mass fraction and the mass fraction of the organic constituents in a specific format under the heading, Ultimate Analysis, provides a convenient and uniform system for comparing coals or cokes. This tabulation used with that of Proximate Analysis  (Practice D3172) permits cursory valuation of coals for use as fuel or in other carbonaceous processes and of cokes for metallurgical purpose.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the term ultimate analysis as it is applied to the analysis of coal and coke. The information derived is intended for the general utilization by applicable industries, to provide the basis for evaluation, beneficiation, or for other purposes.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.2.1 All percentages are percent mass fractions.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D121-15(2024)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology of Coal and Coke

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology defines the technical terms used in standards that are the responsibility of Committee D05 on Coal and Coke. The terms are used in:  
1.1.1 The sampling of coal and coke under conditions required for most commercial and technical purposes related to coal and coke.  
1.1.2 Bias and related statistical testing,  
1.1.3 The description of coal, both visually in the field and microscopically in the laboratory,  
1.1.4 Chemical and physical analyses of coal and coke,  
1.1.5 Classification of coal, and  
1.1.6 Certain other related practices and guides applicable to the coal and coke industries.  
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    14 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E3183-24(Guide)
Standard Guide for Harvesting Coal Combustion Products Stored in Active and Inactive Storage Areas for Beneficial Use

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Purpose—This guide provides a process for reclamation of existing CCPs placed in active and inactive storage areas. The guide includes information on the following activities required for the safe and effective reclamation of CCPs from storage areas: (1) Background Review of CCP Storage Areas; (2) Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage Areas; (3) Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP Storage Areas; (4) Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval of CCP Storage Areas; and (5) Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage Areas. More detailed descriptions of these activities are in Sections 6 through 10.  
4.2 Potential Beneficial Uses of CCPs—There are many CCP storage areas that are potentially harvestable and can provide a functional benefit in a wide variety of beneficial uses. The beneficial use of CCPs contained in these storage areas can have significant environmental and economic benefits for the facility, the facility owner and the local economy, and can significantly reduce disposal operations (1-4).4 Beneficial use of CCPs can provide industry with a safe and responsible way to economically manage the CCPs, while promoting conservation and recycling/reuse, meeting sustainability goals, and addressing the shortage of CCPs in some building product market areas (1, 2, 5). CCPs consist of fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag, fluidized-bed combustion (FBC) ash, economizer ash, and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) material (see Terminology E2201 for definitions of CCPs) (6, 7).  
4.2.1 Fly ash is the most abundant CCP in existing storage areas. Its beneficial uses include, but are not limited to: partial replacement for cement in concrete and concrete products – once in concrete, fly ash reacts with Portland cement to create additional reaction products that improve the strength and durability of concrete; raw feed for the production clinker – fly ash can be calcined along with other minerals to produce clinker; blended cements – fly ash can be an important component ...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers a framework to address critical aspects related to the harvesting of CCPs placed in active (operational) and inactive (closed or no longer receiving CCPs) storage areas. These storage areas may be used for wet or dry material, and may be located at active or inactive facilities (that is, coal-fired electric utilities or independent power producers that are currently generating electricity or have ceased to do so, respectively). Also, CCPs may be harvested from active or inactive storage areas located on-site or off-site of the facility.  
1.2 This guide does not include information on how to determine what storage areas or facilities, or both, should be selected for potential harvesting of CCPs, as each entity may approach a harvesting program in accordance with their own harvesting pursuits and regulatory requirements. In addition, it does not include information on how an energy company or other interested parties should evaluate inventories to determine the order of their storage areas for potential harvesting, including consideration of risk, performance, and cost. This guide is intended to be used to evaluate the potential harvesting of the storage areas once the storage areas are selected for evaluation.  
1.3 This guide is comprised of the following sections: Scope, Section 1; Referenced Documents, Section 2; Terminology, Section 3; Significance and Use, Section 4; Project Planning and Scoping, Section 5: Background Review of CCP Storage Areas, Section 6; Detailed Characterization of CCP Storage Areas, Section 7; Harvesting Planning and Scoping of CCP Storage Areas, Section 8; Harvesting Detailed Design and Approval (as applicable) of CCP Storage Areas, Section 9; and Harvesting Implementation of CCP Storage Areas, Section 10. Not all information within this guide will be necessary for each harvesting project, and the user should determine the applicability of each section.  
1.3.1 Section...

  • Guide
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3466-06(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Ignition Temperature of Granular Activated Carbon

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Activated carbons used in gas-phase adsorption may be subjected to heating, either from heat applied externally to the carbon bed, or heat generated by radioactive4 contaminants, or by the adsorption process itself. If the application of heat is sudden, or if no ample means to conduct the heat from the carbon bed exists, the carbon bed may ignite. This test method provides a controlled laboratory test to determine the temperatures at which such ignition occurs. As stated in 1.2, this does not necessarily give the temperature at which ignition will occur under a specific bed operating condition. This test method does, however, allow some ranking of carbons with regard to ignition temperature, and is a useful quality control method for unused carbons.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of reference ignition temperature of granular activated carbon in flowing air. This test method provides a basis for comparing the ignition characteristics of different carbons, or the change in ignition characteristics of the same carbon after a period of service.  
1.2 The ignition temperature, as determined by this test method, cannot be interpreted as the probable ignition temperature of the same carbon under the operating conditions of a specific application unless those conditions are essentially the same as those in this test method.2 If it is desired to determine the ignition temperature of the carbon under a specific set of operating conditions, the test may be modified to simulate such conditions, taking into consideration the following variables: (1) air flow rate; (2) moisture content of the carbon; (3) bed depth; (4) relative humidity of the air stream; (5) heating rate; (6) contaminants (for example, hydrocarbons, etc.) in the air stream; and (7) contaminants that may have been adsorbed by the carbon under prior service conditions.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off