ASTM C169-16(2022)

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime and Borosilicate Glass

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods can be used to ensure that the chemical composition of the glass meets the compositional specification required for the finished glass product.  
3.2 These test methods do not preclude the use of other methods that yield results within permissible variations. In any case, the analyst should verify the procedure and technique employed by means of a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference material having a component comparable with that of the material under test. A list of standard reference materials is given in the NIST Special Publication 260,3 current edition.  
3.3 Typical examples of products manufactured using soda-lime silicate glass are containers, tableware, and flat glass.  
3.4 Typical examples of products manufactured using borosilicate glass are bakeware, labware, and fiberglass.  
3.5 Typical examples of products manufactured using fluoride opal glass are containers, tableware, and decorative glassware.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative chemical analysis of soda-lime and borosilicate glass compositions for both referee and routine analysis. This would be for the usual constituents present in glasses of the following types: (1) soda-lime silicate glass, (2) soda-lime fluoride opal glass, and (3) borosilicate glass. The following common oxides, when present in concentrations greater than indicated, are known to interfere with some of the determinations in this method: 2 % barium oxide (BaO), 0.2 % phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5), 0.05 % zinc oxide (ZnO), 0.05 % antimony oxide (Sb2O3), 0.05 % lead oxide (PbO).  
1.2 The analytical procedures, divided into two general groups, those for referee analysis, and those for routine analysis, appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Procedures for Referee Analysis:  
Silica  
10  
BaO, R2O2 (Al2O3 + P2O5), CaO, and MgO  
11 – 15  
Fe2O3, TiO2, ZrO2 by Photometry and Al2O3 by Com-
plexiometric Titration  
16 – 22  
Cr2O3 by Volumetric and Photometric Methods  
23 – 25  
MnO by the Periodate Oxidation Method  
26 – 29  
Na2O by the Zinc Uranyl Acetate Method and K2O by
the Tetraphenylborate Method  
30 – 33  
SO3 (Total Sulfur)  
34 – 35  
As2O3 by Volumetric Method  
36 – 40  
Procedures for Routine Analysis:  
Silica by the Single Dehydration Method  
42 – 44  
Al2O3, CaO, and MgO by Complexiometric Titration,
and BaO, Na2O, and K2O by Gravimetric Method  
45 – 51  
BaO, Al2O3, CaO, and MgO by Atomic Absorption; and
Na2O and K2O by Flame Emission Spectroscopy  
52 – 59  
SO3 (Total Sulfur)  
60  
B2O3  
61 – 62  
Fluorine by Pyrohydrolysis Separation and Specific Ion
Electrode Measurement  
63 – 66  
P2O5 by the Molybdo-Vanadate Method  
67 – 70  
Colorimetric Determination of Ferrous Iron Using 1,10
Phenanthroline  
71 – 76  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2022
• ICS: 81.040.10 - Raw materials and raw glass
• Technical Committee: C14 - Glass and Glass Products
• Drafting Committee: C14.02 - Chemical Properties and Analysis

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C169 − 16 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Soda-Lime and Borosilicate Glass
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C169; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative chemical
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
analysis of soda-lime and borosilicate glass compositions for
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
both referee and routine analysis. This would be for the usual
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
constituents present in glasses of the following types: (1)
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
soda-lime silicate glass, (2) soda-lime fluoride opal glass, and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
(3) borosilicate glass. The following common oxides, when
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
present in concentrations greater than indicated, are known to
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
interfere with some of the determinations in this method: 2%
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
barium oxide (BaO), 0.2% phosphorous pentoxide (P O ),
2 5
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
0.05% zinc oxide (ZnO), 0.05% antimony oxide (Sb O ),
2 3
0.05% lead oxide (PbO).
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The analytical procedures, divided into two general 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
groups, those for referee analysis, and those for routine
C146Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Glass Sand
analysis, appear in the following order:
C225Test Methods for Resistance of Glass Containers to
Sections
Chemical Attack
Procedures for Referee Analysis:
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
Silica 10
BaO, R O (Al O +P O ), CaO, and MgO 11–15 E50Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
2 2 2 3 2 5
Fe O ,TiO ,ZrO by Photometry and Al O by Com- 16–22
2 3 2 2 2 3
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
plexiometric Titration
Related Materials
Cr O by Volumetric and Photometric Methods 23–25
2 3
MnO by the Periodate Oxidation Method 26–29 E60Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related
Na O by the Zinc Uranyl Acetate Method and K Oby 30–33
2 2
Materials by Spectrophotometry
the Tetraphenylborate Method
SO (Total Sulfur) 34 – 35
3
3. Significance and Use
As O by Volumetric Method 36–40
2 3
3.1 These test methods can be used to ensure that the
Procedures for Routine Analysis:
chemical composition of the glass meets the compositional
Silica by the Single Dehydration Method 42–44
Al O , CaO, and MgO by Complexiometric Titration, 45–51
2 3 specification required for the finished glass product.
and BaO, Na O, and K O by Gravimetric Method
2 2
BaO, Al O , CaO, and MgO by Atomic Absorption; and 52–59
3.2 These test methods do not preclude the use of other
2 3
Na O and K O by Flame Emission Spectroscopy
2 2
methodsthatyieldresultswithinpermissiblevariations.Inany
SO (Total Sulfur) 60
3
case, the analyst should verify the procedure and technique
B O 61 – 62
2 3
Fluorine by Pyrohydrolysis Separation and Specific Ion 63–66 employed by means of a National Institute of Standards and
Electrode Measurement
Technology (NIST) standard reference material having a com-
P O by the Molybdo-Vanadate Method 67–70
2 5
ponentcomparablewiththatofthematerialundertest.Alistof
Colorimetric Determination of Ferrous Iron Using 1,10 71–76
Phenanthroline
standard reference materials is given in the NIST Special
3
Publication 260, current edition.
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Glass and Glass Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.02 contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
on Chemical Properties and Analysis. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
CurrenteditionapprovedJuly1,2022.PublishedJuly2022.Originallyapproved the ASTM website.
3
in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C169–16. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg,
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