ASTM E278-21

Standard Test Method for Determination of Phosphorus in Iron Ores by Phosphomolybdate Coprecipitation and Nitric Acid Titrimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended to be used for compliance with compositional specifications for phosphorus content. It is assumed that all who use these procedures will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality control practices shall be followed, such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates.  
1.2 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.01 % to 1.00 %.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2021
• ICS: 73.060.10 - Iron ores
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.02 - Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E278 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Phosphorus in Iron Ores by
Phosphomolybdate Coprecipitation and Nitric Acid
1
Titrimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E278; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phospho-
E877 Practice for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Iron
rus in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates.
Ores and Related Materials for Determination of Chemi-
1.2 This test method covers the determination of phospho-
cal Composition and Physical Properties
rus in the range from 0.01 % to 1.00 %.
E882 Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as Chemical Analysis Laboratory
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. 3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
method, refer to Terminology E135.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Summary of Test Method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The sample is dissolved in HCl and HNO . After the
3
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
addition of HClO , the solution is evaporated to strong fumes
4
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
to dehydrate the silica. The insoluble residue is filtered off,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ignited, and treated for the recovery of any contained phos-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
phorus. Ammonium molybdate is added to precipitate phos-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
phomolybdate. The precipitate is filtered off and washed free
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
from acid. It is then dissolved in an excess of standard sodium
hydroxide solution. The excess sodium hydroxide is titrated
2. Referenced Documents
with a standard solution of HNO using phenolphthalein as an
2 3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
indicator.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
5. Significance and Use
Determine Conformance with Specifications
5.1 This test method is intended to be used for compliance
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
with compositional specifications for phosphorus content. It is
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
assumed that all who use these procedures will be trained
Related Materials
analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste
disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
control practices shall be followed, such as those described in
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct
Guide E882.
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.02 on Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metal-
lurgical Materials.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally
6. Interferences
ɛ1
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E278 – 01(2015) .
DOI: 10.1520/E0278-21.
6.1 Vanadium and arsenic, elements commonly found in
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
iron ores, coprecipitate with the phosphorus. Provisions for
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
their removal or elimination of their interference are included
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. in this test method.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E278 − 21
6.2 Titanium tends to form an insoluble compound with 7.11 Nitric Acid, Wash Solution (1 + 99)—Mix 10 mL of
phosphorus and thus may cause low values for phosphorus. c
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E278 − 01 (Reapproved 2015) E278 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Phosphorus in Iron Ores by
Phosphomolybdate Coprecipitation and Nitric Acid
1
Titrimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E278; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made in 1.2 and Table 1.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates.
1.2 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.01 % to 1.00 %.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E877 Practice for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Iron Ores and Related Materials for Determination of Chemical
Composition and Physical Properties
E882 Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E135.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.02 on Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2015Oct. 1, 2021. Published December 2015October 2021. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20102015
ɛ1
as E278 – 01 (2010)(2015) . DOI: 10.1520/E0278-01R15E01.10.1520/E0278-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E278 − 21
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample is dissolved in HCl and HNO . After the addition of HClO , the solution is evaporated to strong fumes to
3 4
dehydrate the silica. The insoluble residue is filtered off, ignited, and treated for the recovery of any contained phosphorus.
Ammonium molybdate is added to precipitate phosphomolybdate. The precipitate is filtered off and washed free from acid. It is
then dissolved in an excess of standard sodium hydroxide solution. The excess sodium hydroxide is titrated with a standard solution
of HNO using phenolphthalein as an indicator.
3
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is intended to be used for compliance with compositional specifications for phosphorus content. It is assumed
that all who use these procedures will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and
safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will
be followed. Appropriate quality control practices shall be followed, such as those described in Guide E882.
6. Interferences
6.1 Vanadium and arsenic, elements commonly found in iron ores, coprecipitate with the phosphorus. Pro
...