ASTM E382-20

Standard Test Method for Determination of Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets and Direct-Reduced Iron

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The crushing strength aids the pellet producer in the determination of quality problems associated with the production of pellets.  
5.2 The crushing strength is often used by the pellet consumer as a quality indicator for performance in the blast furnace and gas-based direct reduction plants.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a method for determining the crushing strength of fired iron ore pellets and direct-reduced iron. Cylindrical agglomerates and briquettes are not covered by this test method.  
1.2 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standards. The values in parentheses are given for information only.  
1.3 Results given by this test should be similar to those from ISO 4700 (see Appendix X1 for details).  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Apr-2020
• ICS: 73.060.10 - Iron ores
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.02 - Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM E3330-22 - Standard Guide for Contents of Documentation and Statistical Treatments for Reference Materials for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E382 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets and
1
Direct-Reduced Iron
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E382; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
Lot or Process
1.1 This test method describes a method for determining the
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
crushing strength of fired iron ore pellets and direct-reduced
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
iron. Cylindrical agglomerates and briquettes are not covered
E389 TestMethodforParticleSizeorScreenAnalysisatNo.
by this test method.
4 (4.75-mm) Sieve and Coarser for Metal-Bearing Ores
1.2 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
and Related Materials
standards. The values in parentheses are given for information
E877 Practice for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Iron
only.
Ores and Related Materials for Determination of Chemi-
cal Composition and Physical Properties
1.3 Resultsgivenbythistestshouldbesimilartothosefrom
3
ISO 4700 (see Appendix X1 for details). 2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 4700 Iron ore pellets for blast furnace and direct
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
reduction feedstocks—Determination of the crushing
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
strength
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3. Terminology
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
method, refer to Terminology E135.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.1 crushing strength, n—average compressive load
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
needed to break the pellets in the test sample completely.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 A load is applied on a single pellet at a specified speed
2
of the compressive platen until the pellet is broken. This
2.1 ASTM Standards:
procedure is repeated on all pellets of the test sample.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications 4.2 This test method assumes that individual samples are
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
essentially brittle; that is, at some level of applied force, the
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and sample will break into two or more pieces. There are
Related Materials
circumstances, however, when pellets are more ductile (for
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With example, green pellets that have not yet been fired), and the
sample may deform and not break. This test method does not
apply to such pellets; refer to ISO 4700 for analytical methods
to deal with ductile samples.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on
Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of Subcommittee E01.02 on Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metal-
lurgical Materials.
5.1 The crushing strength aids the pellet producer in the
Current edition approved April 15, 2020. Published August 2020. Originally
determination of quality problems associated with the produc-
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E382 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/E0382-20.
tion of pellets.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E382 − 20
5.2 The crushing strength is often used by the pellet 8. Sampling and Sample Preparation
consumer as a quality indicator for performance in the bl
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E382 − 12 E382 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Crushing Strength of Iron Ore Pellets and
1
Direct-Reduced Iron
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E382; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes a method for determining the crushing strength of fired iron ore pellets. Cylindrical agglomerates,
briquettes, and reduced pellets pellets and direct-reduced iron. Cylindrical agglomerates and briquettes are not covered by this test
method.
1.2 The values as stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standards. The values in parentheses are given for information only.
1.3 Results given by this test should be similar to those from ISO 4700 (see Appendix X1 for details).
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E389 Test Method for Particle Size or Screen Analysis at No. 4 (4.75-mm) Sieve and Coarser for Metal-Bearing Ores and
Related Materials
E877 Practice for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Iron Ores and Related Materials for Determination of Chemical
Composition and Physical Properties
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 4700 Iron ore pellets for blast furnace and direct reduction feedstocks—Determination of the crushing strength
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology E135.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 crushing strength, n—average compressive load needed to break the pellets in the test sample completely.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A load is applied on a single pellet at a specified speed of the compressive platen until the pellet is broken. This procedure
is repeated on all pellets of the test sample.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.02 on Ores, Concentrates, and Related Metallurgical Materials.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012April 15, 2020. Published July 2012August 2020. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 20072012 as
E382 – 07.E382 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/E0382-12.10.1520/E0382-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E382 − 20
4.2 This test method assumes that individual samples are essentially brittle; that is, at some level of applied force, the sample
will break into two or more pieces. There are circumstances, however, when pellets are more ductile (for example, green pellets
that have not yet been fired), and the sample may deform and not break. This test method does not apply to such pellets; refer to
ISO 4700 for analytical methods to deal with ductile samples.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The crushin
...