ASTM F1273-91(2007)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Tank Vent Flame Arresters
Standard Specification for Tank Vent Flame Arresters
ABSTRACT
This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of two types of tank vent flame arrester (Type I and Type II). This specification is intended for flame arresters protecting systems containing vapors of flammable or combustible liquids with the specified vapor temperature. The defined test media can be used except where arresters protect systems handling vapors with the given value of maximum experimental safe gap (MESG). Flame arresters protecting such systems must be tested with appropriate media. The flame arrester housing, and other parts or bolting used for pressure retention, shall be constructed of the prescribed materials. Arrester, elements, gaskets, and seals shall be of materials resistant to attack by seawater and the liquids and vapors contained in the tank being protected. Nonmetallic materials, other than gaskets and seals, shall not be used in the construction of pressure-retaining components and nonmetallic gaskets and seals shall be noncombustible and suitable for the service intended. The possibility of galvanic corrosion shall be considered in the selection of materials. Requirements for flame arrester design and construction, housings, elements, threaded or flanged pipe connections, joints, and fastenings are detailed. Prototype testing such as corrosion test, performance test, endurance burn test, and flashback test shall be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements for design, construction, performance, and testing of tank vent flame arresters.
1.2 This specification is intended for flame arresters protecting systems containing vapors of flammable or combustible liquids where vapor temperatures do not exceed 60°C. The test media defined in 9.1.1 can be used except where arresters protect systems handling vapors with a maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) below 0.9 mm. Flame arresters protecting such systems must be tested with appropriate media (the same vapor or a media having a MESG no greater than the vapor). Various gases and their respective MESG are listed in Table 1.
Note 1—Flame arresters meeting this specification also comply with the minimum requirements of the International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Committee Circular No. 373 (MSC/Circ. 373/Rev. 1).
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Sections 8 and 9, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use
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Designation:F1273 −91(Reapproved 2007) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Tank Vent Flame Arresters
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification provides the minimum requirements 2.1 ASTM Standards:
for design, construction, performance, and testing of tank vent F722 Specification for Welded Joints for Shipboard Piping
flame arresters. Systems
F1155 Practice for Selection and Application of Piping
1.2 This specification is intended for flame arresters protect-
System Materials
ing systems containing vapors of flammable or combustible
2.2 ANSI Standard:
liquids where vapor temperatures do not exceed 60°C.The test
B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
media defined in 9.1.1 can be used except where arresters
protectsystemshandlingvaporswithamaximumexperimental
2.3 Other Documents:
safe gap (MESG) below 0.9 mm. Flame arresters protecting
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section VIII, Di-
such systems must be tested with appropriate media (the same
vision 1, Pressure Vessels
vapor or a media having a MESG no greater than the vapor).
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code: Section IX, Weld-
Various gases and their respective MESG are listed in Table 1.
ing and Brazing Qualifications
International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Com-
NOTE 1—Flame arresters meeting this specification also comply with
the minimum requirements of the International Maritime Organization, mittee: MSC/Circ. 373/Rev. 1 Revised Standards for the
Maritime Safety Committee Circular No. 373 (MSC/Circ. 373/Rev. 1).
Design, Testing and Locating of Devices to Prevent the
Passage of Flame into Cargo Tanks in Tankers
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to
International Electrotechnical Commission: Publication 79-
be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses
1Electrical Apparatus for Explosive Gas Atmospheres
are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
3. Terminology
test methods portions, Sections 8 and 9, of this specification:
3.1 Definitions:
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
3.1.1 flame arrester—a device to prevent the passage of
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
flame in accordance with a specified performance standard. Its
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
flame arresting element is based on the principle of quenching.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 flame passage—the transmission of a flame through a
1.5 This standard should be used to measure and describe
flame arrester.
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
3.1.3 flame speed—the speed at which a flame propagates
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
along a pipe or other system.
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
hazard of a particular end use
the ASTM website.
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on www.asme.org.
Machinery and Piping Systems. Available from International Maritime Organization, 4 Albert Embankment,
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally London SE1 7SR, England.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F1273 - 91(2002). Available from International Electrotechnical Commission, 3 rue de Varembe,
DOI: 10.1520/F1273-91R07. Case Postale 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1273−91 (2007)
TABLE 1 Gases and Their MESGs
5.1.7 Description of installation (distance and configuration
Inflammable Gas or Maximum Experimental of pipe between the arrester and the atmosphere or potential
Vapor Safe Gap
ignition source) (see 8.2.4.2),
mm in.
5.1.8 Materials of construction (see Section 6), and
Methane 1.170 0.046
5.1.9 Maximum flow rate and the design pressure drop for
Blast furnace gas 1.193 0.047
Propane 0.965 0.038 that maximum flow rate.
Butane 1.066 0.042
Pentane 1.016 0.040
6. Materials
Hexane 0.965 0.038
Heptane 0.965 0.038
6.1 The flame arrester housing, and other parts or bolting
Iso-octane 1.040 0.041
used for pressure retention, shall be constructed of materials
Decane 1.016 0.040
Benzene 0.99 0.039
listed in Practice F1155, or Section VIII, Division 1 of the
Xylene 1.066 0.042
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
Cyclohexane 0.94 0.037
6.1.1 Arrester, elements, gaskets, and seals shall be of
Acetone 1.016 0.040
Ethylene 0.71 0.028
materials resistant to attack by seawater and the liquids and
Methyl-ethyl-ketone 1.016 0.040
vapors contained in the tank being protected (see 5.1.3).
Carbon monoxide 0.915 0.036
Methyl-acetate 0.990 0.039
6.2 Nonmetallic materials, other than gaskets and seals,
Ethyl-acetate 1.04 0.041
shall not be used in the construction of pressure-retaining
Propyl-acetate 1.04 0.041
Butyl-acetate 1.016 0.040 components of the flame arrester.
Amyl-acetate 0.99 0.039
6.2.1 Nonmetallic gaskets and seals shall be noncombus-
Methyl alcohol 0.915 0.036
tible and suitable for the service intended.
Ethyl alcohol 1.016 0.040
Iso-butyl-alcohol 0.965 0.038
6.3 Bolting materials, other than those in 6.1, shall be at
Butyl-alcohol 0.94 0.037
least equal to those listed in Table 1 of ANSI B16.5.
(normal)
Amyl-alcohol 0.99 0.039
6.4 Thepossibilityofgalvaniccorrosionshallbeconsidered
Ethyl-ether 0.864 0.034
Coal gas (H 57 %) 0.482 0.019 in the selection of materials.
Acetylene <0.025 <0.001
6.5 All other parts shall be constructed of materials suitable
Carbon disulphide 0.203 0.008
Hydrogen 0.102 0.004
for the service intended.
Blue water gas (H 0.203 0.008
53%CO47%)
7. Other Requirements
Ethyl nitrate <0.025 <0.001
Ammonia 3.33 0.133
7.1 Flame arrester housings shall be gastight to prevent the
Ethylene oxide ;0.65 ;0.026
Ethyl nitrite 0.922 0.038 escape of vapors.
7.2 Flame arrester elements shall fit in the housing in a
manner that will ensure tightness of metal-to-metal contacts in
such a way that flame cannot pass between the element and the
3.1.4 gasoline vapors—a nonleaded petroleum distillate
housing.
consisting essentially of aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds
7.2.1 The net free area through flame arrester elements shall
with a boiling range of approximately 65 to 75°C.
be at least 1.5 times the cross-sectional area of the arrester
inlet.
4. Classification
7.3 Housings and elements shall be of substantial construc-
4.1 The two types of flame arresters covered in this speci-
tion and designed for the mechanical and other loads intended
fication are classified as follows:
during service. In addition, they shall be capable of withstand-
4.1.1 Type I—Flame arresters acceptable for end-of-line
ing the maximum and minimum pressures and temperatures to
applications.
which the device may be exposed under both normal and the
4.1.2 Type II—Flame arresters acceptable for in-line appli-
specified fire test conditions in Section 9.
cations.
7.4 Threaded or flanged pipe connections shall comply with
the applicable B16 standards in Practice F1155. Welded joints
5. Ordering Information
shall comply with Specification F722.
5.1 Orders for flame arresters under this specification shall
7.5 All flat joints of the housing shall be machined true and
include the following information, as applicable:
shall provide for a joint having adequate metal-to-metal
5.1.1 Type (I or II),
contact.
5.1.2 Nominal pipe size,
5.1.3 Each gas or vapor in the tank being protected by the 7.6 Where welded construction is used for pressure-
flame arrester and the corresponding MESG, retaining components, welded joint design details, welding,
5.1.4 Inspection and tests other than those specified by this and nondestructive testing shall be in accordance with Section
specification, VIII, Division 1 of the ASME Code and Specification F722.
5.1.5 Anticipated ambient air temperature range, Welders and weld procedures shall be qualified in accordance
5.1.6 Purchaser’s inspection requirements (see 10.1), with Section IX of the ASME Code.
F1273−91 (2007)
7.7 The design of flame arresters shall allow for ease of 8.2.1 The flame arrester shall have the same dimensions,
inspection and removal of internal elements for replacement, configuration, and the most unfavorable clearances expected in
cleaning, or repair without removal of the entire device from production units.
the system. 8.2.2 A corrosion test shall be conducted. In this test, a
complete arrester, including a section of pipe similar to that to
7.8 Flame arresters shall allow for efficient drainage of
which it will be fitted, shall be exposed to a 20 % sodium
condensate without impairing their efficiency to prevent the
chloride solution spray at a temperature of 25°C for a period of
passage of flame.
240 h and allowed to dry for 48 h. Following this exposure, all
7.8.1 Where the design does not permit complete drainage
movable parts shall operate properly and there shall be no
of condensate through its connection to the tank, the housing
corrosion deposits that cannot be washed off.
shall be fitted with a plugged drain opening on the side of the
8.2.3 Performance characteristics as declared by the manu-
atmospheric outlet of not less than ⁄2-in. nominal pipe size
facturer, such as flow rates under both positive and negative
(NPS ⁄2).
pressure, operating sensitivity, flow resistance, and velocity,
7.9 All fastenin
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