ASTM D5737/D5737M-14
(Guide)Standard Guide for Methods for Measuring Well Discharge
Standard Guide for Methods for Measuring Well Discharge
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is limited to the description of test methods typical for measurement of ground water discharge from a control well.
4.1.1 Controlled field tests are the primary means of determining aquifer properties. Most mathematical equations developed for analyzing field tests require measurement of control well discharge.
4.1.2 Discharge may be needed for evaluation of well design and efficiency.
4.1.3 For aquifer tests, a conceptual model should be prepared to evaluate the proper test method and physical test requirements, such as well placement and design (see Guide D4043). Review the site data for consistency with the conceptual model. Revise the conceptual model as appropriate and consider the implications on the planned activities.
4.1.4 For aquifer tests, the discharge rate should be sufficient to cause significant stress of the aquifer without violating test assumptions. Conditions that may violate test assumptions include conversion of the aquifer from confined to unconfined conditions, lowering the water level in the control well to below the top of the well screen, causing a well screen entrance velocity that promotes well development during the test, or decreasing the filter pack permeability characteristics.
4.1.5 Some test methods described here are not applicable to injection well tests.
4.2 This guide does not apply to test methods used in measurement of flow of other fluids used in industrial operations, such as waste water, sludge, oil, and chemicals.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers an overview of methods to measure well discharge. This guide is an integral part of a series of standards prepared on the in-situ determination of hydraulic properties of aquifer systems by single- or multiple-well tests. Measurement of well discharge is a common requirement to the determination of aquifer and well hydraulic properties.
1.2 This guide does not establish a fixed procedure for any method described. Rather, it describes different methods for measuring discharge from a pumping or flowing well. A pumping well is one type of control well. A control well can also be an injection well or a well in which slug tests are conducted.
1.3 This guide does not address borehole flow meters that are designed for measuring vertical or horizontal flow within a borehole.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Furthermore, it is the user's responsibility to properly dispose of water discharged.
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
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Designation: D5737/D5737M − 14
Standard Guide for
1
Methods for Measuring Well Discharge
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5737/D5737M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
1.1 This guide covers an overview of methods to measure
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
well discharge. This guide is an integral part of a series of
document means only that the document has been approved
standards prepared on the in-situ determination of hydraulic
through the ASTM consensus process.
properties of aquifer systems by single- or multiple-well tests.
Measurement of well discharge is a common requirement to
2. Referenced Documents
the determination of aquifer and well hydraulic properties.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This guide does not establish a fixed procedure for any
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
method described. Rather, it describes different methods for
Fluids
measuring discharge from a pumping or flowing well. A
D1941 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurement
pumping well is one type of control well. A control well can
of Water with the Parshall Flume
also be an injection well or a well in which slug tests are
D4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method in
conducted.
Determining Hydraulic Properties by Well Techniques
1.3 This guide does not address borehole flow meters that
D5242 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
are designed for measuring vertical or horizontal flow within a
of Water with Thin-Plate Weirs
borehole.
D5390 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement
of Water with Palmer-Bowlus Flumes
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
D5716 Test Method for Measuring the Rate of Well Dis-
[presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as
charge by Circular Orifice Weir
standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact
equivalents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependently
2.2 ISO Standard:
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may Recommendation R541 Measurement of Fluid Flow by
3
result in non-conformance with the standard.
Means of Orifice Plates and Nozzles
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the 2.3 ANSI Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Standard 1042 Part1MethodsfortheMeasurementofFluid
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Flow in Pipes, 1, Orifice Plates, Nozzles and Venturi
3
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- Tubes
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Furthermore, it is
2.4 ASME Standard:
the user’s responsibility to properly dispose of water dis-
Standard MFC-3M-1995 Measurement of Fluid Flow in
4
charged.
Pipes Using Orifice, Nozzle, and Venturi
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
3. Terminology
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of common terms used
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
within this guide refer to Terminology D653.
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock the ASTM website.
3
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Vadose Zone Investigations. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2014.PublishedJuly2014.Originallyapproved Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5737 – 95 (2006). DOI: International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
10.1520/D5737_D5737M-14. www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5737/D5737M − 14
4. S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5737 − 95 (Reapproved 2006) D5737/D5737M − 14
Standard Guide for
1
Methods for Measuring Well Discharge
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5737;D5737/D5737M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This guide covers an overview of methods to measure well discharge. This guide is an integral part of a series of standards
prepared on the in-situ determination of hydraulic properties of aquifer systems by single- or multiple-well tests. Measurement of
well discharge is a common requirement to the determination of aquifer and well hydraulic properties.
1.2 This guide does not establish a fixed procedure for any method described. Rather, it describes different methods for
measuring discharge from a pumping or flowing well. A pumping well is one type of control well. A control well can also be an
injection well or a well in which slug tests are conducted.
1.3 This guide does not address borehole flow meters that are designed for measuring vertical or horizontal flow within a
borehole.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard.
The values given in parentheses are for information only. stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Furthermore, it is the user’s responsibility to properly dispose of water discharged.
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course
of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment.
Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace
the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied
without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the
document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D1941 Test Method for Open Channel Flow Measurement of Water with the Parshall Flume
D4043 Guide for Selection of Aquifer Test Method in Determining Hydraulic Properties by Well Techniques
D5242 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water with Thin-Plate Weirs
D5390 Test Method for Open-Channel Flow Measurement of Water with Palmer-Bowlus Flumes
D5716 Test Method for Measuring the Rate of Well Discharge by Circular Orifice Weir
2.2 ISO Standard:
3
Recommendation R541 Measurement of Fluid Flow by Means of Orifice Plates and Nozzles
2.3 ANSI Standard:
3
Standard 1042 Part 1 Methods for the Measurement of Fluid Flow in Pipes, 1, Orifice Plates, Nozzles and Venturi Tubes
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose
Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved July 1, 2006June 1, 2014. Published August 2006July 2014. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20002006 as
D5737 – 95 (2006). (2000). DOI: 10.1520/D5737-95R06.10.1520/D5737_D5737M-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13thInstitute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Unite
...
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