ASTM A719/A719M-02(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Lamination Factor of Magnetic Materials
Standard Test Method for Lamination Factor of Magnetic Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Lamination factor, S, indicates the deficiency of effective steel volume which is due to the presence of oxides, roughness, insulating coatings, and other conditions affecting the steel surface.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the lamination factor (Note 1) of a specimen composed of strips cut from magnetic material.
Note 1—Lamination factor is also termed space factor or stacking factor.
1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with Practice A 34/A 34M.
1.3 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within this test method, SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this test method.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: A719/A719M − 02(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Lamination Factor of Magnetic Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA719/A719M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the calculated (equivalent solid) volume to the measured
volume is the lamination factor.
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the lamination
factor (Note 1) of a specimen composed of strips cut from
4. Significance and Use
magnetic material.
4.1 Lamination factor, S, indicates the deficiency of effec-
NOTE 1—Lamination factor is also termed space factor or stacking
tive steel volume which is due to the presence of oxides,
factor.
roughness, insulating coatings, and other conditions affecting
1.2 This test method shall be used in conjunction with
the steel surface.
Practice A34/A34M.
1.3 The values and equations stated in customary (cgs-emu 5. Apparatus
and inch-pound) or SI units are to be regarded separately as
5.1 Testing Machine—A compression testing machine or
standard. Within this test method, SI units are shown in
other compression device capable of exerting the specified
brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact
pressure.
equivalents; therefore each system shall be used independently
5.2 Metal Plates—Two flat, smooth, rigid metal plates with
of the other. Combining values from the two systems may
square edges and ends are required. They shall be of sufficient
result in nonconformance with this test method.
stiffness to distribute the pressure uniformly over the surface of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
the sample. Each plate shall be 8.46 in. [215 mm] long and
concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
have a minimum width of 1.97 in. [50 mm] so that the area of
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
strips under pressure when testing 1.18-in. [30-mm] wide
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
2 2
specimens will be 10 in. [6450 mm ].
tions prior to use.
5.2.1 Extensions can be added to the plates to allow the use
of micrometers or outside calipers instead of inside calipers for
2. Referenced Documents
determining plate separation. Precautions must be taken to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ensure that, within the limits of accuracy of the measurements,
A34/A34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Testing
no significant deflection of these extensions result from the test
of Magnetic Materials
pressure.
5.3 Length-Measuring Tools—Calipers or other devices of
3. Summary of Test Method
adequate accuracy for measurement of plate separation.
3.1 The laminated test specimen is subjected to pressure in
a compression device and the resulting volume is then deter-
6. Sampling
mined from the measured specimen height, width, and length.
6.1 Test strips shall be selected as representative of the
An equivalent solid volume is calculated from the specimen
surface condition. Core loss test specimens (Epstein test
mass and the true density of the specimen material.The ratio of
specimens) are normally used for this purpose.
6.2 In routine testing, where the core loss specimens are too
small to conform to the number of strips requirement of Table
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
1, sufficient specimens may be combined to provide an
MagneticPropertiesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA06.01onTest
Methods.
adequate test specimen. The combined specimens must be of
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
the same thickness and material, have similar surfaces, and be
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as A719/A719M-02.
representative of the surface condition of the test lot.
DOI: 10.1520/A0719_A0719M-02R07.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.3 When a referee test becomes necessary, the test speci-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
men must be composed of strips taken from one lot of steel. It
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. must be representative of the surface condition, thickness, and
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