ASTM E1418-21

Standard Practice for Visible Penetrant Testing Using the Water-Washable Process

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Liquid penetrant examination methods indicate the presence, location, and, to a limited extent, the nature and magnitude of the detected discontinuities. This practice is normally used for production examination of large volumes of parts or structures, where emphasis is on productivity. This practice offers a wide latitude in applicability when extensive and controlled conditions are available.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for visible liquid penetrant examination utilizing the water-washable process. It is a nondestructive practice for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. This practice can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics, and certain nonporous plastics, and glass.  
1.2 This practice also provides the following references:  
1.2.1 A reference by which visible penetrant examination procedures using the water-washable process can be reviewed to ascertain their applicability and completeness.  
1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications dealing with the visible, water-washable liquid penetrant examination of materials and parts. Agreement between the user and the supplier regarding specific techniques is strongly recommended.  
1.2.3 For use in the organization of the facilities and personnel concerned with the liquid penetrant examination.  
1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest criteria for evaluation of the indications obtained. It should be noted, however, that after indications have been produced, they must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a separate code, specification, or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and orientation of indications considered acceptable, and those considered unacceptable.  
1.3.1 The user is encouraged to use materials and processing parameters necessary to detect conditions of a type or severity which could affect the evaluation of the product.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 Basis of Application—There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These areas are identified as follows:  
1.5.1 Penetrant type, method and sensitivity,  
1.5.2 Accept/reject criteria,  
1.5.3 Personnel qualification requirements,  
1.5.4 Grit blasting,  
1.5.5 Etching,  
1.5.6 Indication/discontinuity sizing,  
1.5.7 Total processing time, and  
1.5.8 Marking of parts.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2021
• ICS: 19.040 - Environmental testing
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.03 - Liquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Methods

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1418 − 21
Standard Practice for
Visible Penetrant Testing Using the Water-Washable
1
Process
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.1 This practice describes procedures for visible liquid
penetrant examination utilizing the water-washable process. It 1.5 Basis of Application—There are areas in this practice
is a nondestructive practice for detecting discontinuities that that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering
are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the
laminations, isolated porosity, through leaks or lack of fusion cognizant engineering organization. These areas are identified
and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance exami- as follows:
nation.This practice can be effectively used in the examination 1.5.1 Penetrant type, method and sensitivity,
of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, 1.5.2 Accept/reject criteria,
and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully densified 1.5.3 Personnel qualification requirements,
ceramics, and certain nonporous plastics, and glass. 1.5.4 Grit blasting,
1.5.5 Etching,
1.2 This practice also provides the following references:
1.5.6 Indication/discontinuity sizing,
1.2.1 A reference by which visible penetrant examination
1.5.7 Total processing time, and
procedures using the water-washable process can be reviewed
1.5.8 Marking of parts.
to ascertain their applicability and completeness.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
dealing with the visible, water-washable liquid penetrant ex-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
amination of materials and parts. Agreement between the user
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
and the supplier regarding specific techniques is strongly
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
recommended.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2.3 For use in the organization of the facilities and
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
personnel concerned with the liquid penetrant examination.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest criteria for
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
evaluation of the indications obtained. It should be noted,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
however, that after indications have been produced, they must
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
beinterpretedorclassifiedandthenevaluated.Forthispurpose
there must be a separate code, specification, or a specific
2. Referenced Documents
agreement to define the type, size, location, and orientation of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
indications considered acceptable, and those considered unac-
D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
ceptable.
eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
1.3.1 Theuserisencouragedtousematerialsandprocessing
D516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
parameters necessary to detect conditions of a type or severity
D808 Test Method for Chlorine in New and Used Petroleum
which could affect the evaluation of the product.
Products (High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
D1552 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
High Temperature Combustion and Infrared (IR) Detec-
tion or Thermal Conductivity Detection (TCD)
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.03 on Liquid
2
Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Methods. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2021. Published August 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E1418 – 16. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page o
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1418 − 16 E1418 − 21
Standard Practice for
Visible Penetrant Testing Using the Water-Washable
1
Process
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice describes procedures for visible liquid penetrant examination utilizing the water-washable process. It is a
nondestructive practice for detecting discontinuities that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts, laminations,
isolated porosity, through leaks or lack of fusion and is applicable to in-process, final, and maintenance examination. This practice
can be effectively used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic
materials such as glazed or fully densified ceramics, and certain nonporous plastics, and glass.
1.2 This practice also provides the following references:
1.2.1 A reference by which visible penetrant examination procedures using the water-washable process can be reviewed to
ascertain their applicability and completeness.
1.2.2 For use in the preparation of process specifications dealing with the visible, water-washable liquid penetrant examination of
materials and parts. Agreement between the user and the supplier regarding specific techniques is strongly recommended.
1.2.3 For use in the organization of the facilities and personnel concerned with the liquid penetrant examination.
1.3 This practice does not indicate or suggest criteria for evaluation of the indications obtained. It should be noted, however, that
after indications have been produced, they must be interpreted or classified and then evaluated. For this purpose there must be a
separate code, specification, or a specific agreement to define the type, size, location, and orientation of indications considered
acceptable, and those considered unacceptable.
1.3.1 The user is encouraged to use materials and processing parameters necessary to detect conditions of a type or severity which
could affect the evaluation of the product.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. SI unitsThe values given in parentheses are for
information only.mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 Basis of Application—There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering
organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These areas are identified as
follows:
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.03 on Liquid Penetrant
and Magnetic Particle Methods.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2016July 1, 2021. Published August 2016August 2021. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
E1418 - 10.E1418 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/E1418-16.10.1520/E1418-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1418 − 21
1.5.1 Penetrant type, method and sensitivity,
1.5.2 Accept/reject criteria,
1.5.3 Personnel qualification requirements,
1.5.4 Grit blasting,
1.5.5 Etching,
1.5.6 Indication/discontinuity sizing,
1.5.7 Total processing time, and
1.5.8 Marking of parts.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
D516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
D808 Test Method for Chlorine in New and Used Petroleu
...