ASTM D3751-94(1997)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluation of Furniture Polish
Standard Practice for Evaluation of Furniture Polish
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the definition of properties to test and the apparatus to use in evaluating the performance of furniture polishes.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
Designation: D 3751 – 94 (Reapproved 1997)
Standard Practice for
Evaluation of Furniture Polish
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.3 Polishing Cloth—Materials such as washed cheese
cloth, rumple cloth, flannel, cotton diaper cloth, and nonwoven
1.1 This practice covers the definition of properties to test
fabrics are suitable for this purpose. The same type polishing
and the apparatus to use in evaluating the performance of
cloth should be used with each sample tested. Use separate
furniture polishes.
cloths for each sample. Do not use felt or paper.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.4 Cleaning Solvent, aliphatic, with kauri-butanol values
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
less than 38.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.5 Eye Droppers and Tap Water.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Test Specimen
2. Terminology 5.1 The test specimen shall be the sample of polish to be
tested.
2.1 Definition:
2.1.1 furniture polish—a polish used for cleaning and im-
6. Selection of Testers
proving the appearance of furniture finishes.
6.1 The application and evaluation of the test and control
3. Significance and Use polishes requires four individuals. They shall be capable of
making discriminating judgments of subjective, physical, and
3.1 This practice defines the properties to be tested, the
aesthetic properties. Training and orientation to specific prod-
apparatus to be used, and the comparisons of product perfor-
uct performance characteristics may be required.
mance. It is recognized that considerable discretion exists
6.2 Each person applies the polishes to one of the four test
among formulators and marketers of furniture polish on which
panels. The tester then rates all properties except application
properties or performance characteristics are best for their
properties on the remaining three panels that they did not
products. This practice will be flexible to honor this fact within
polish. The person applying the polishes rates ease of use and
the confines of the furniture polish definition below.
other application properties. This means there will be only four
3.2 The methods of testing are subjective and empirical in
readings on application properties. The three rating the other
order to conform to the basic characteristics of the industry and
polish properties do not observe the application because they
to allow flexibility in testing.
rate properties of each polish “blind.”
4. Apparatus and Materials
7. Procedure
4.1 Control Polish, selected subjectively for comparison to
7.1 Cleaning of Test Substrates—Use an aliphatic solvent
the test polish. It may be a competitive product, a modified
having a kauri-butanol value less than 38, to clean the test
formulation of the test polish, etc. The one stipulation is that
substrate thoroughly. Use new paper towels each time to apply
the control polish be of the same or similar type as the test
the solvent to the surface and to wipe it clean.
polish. For example, if the test polish is an aerosol emulsion
7.2 Application of Polish—Assuming the control polish or
polish, the control shall be an aerosol emulsion polish. It would
the test polish is a commercially available product, follow the
not be meaningful to select a paste or liquid product as a
directions on the container so far as possible. When in doubt on
control for comparison to an aerosol emulsion test polish.
the method of use, follow the directions for similar products.
4.2 Test Substrate for which the test polish is intended. The
Use equal volumes of control and test polish to avoid exces-
test surface shall be in good physical condition, not badly
sively thin or heavy coats of polish. Use one or two applica-
cracked, scratched, or otherwise damaged so as to interfere
tions depending on the substrate and the discretion of the tester.
with evaluation of polish properties. The minimum test surface
2 2
Use the same number of coats for both the test polish and the
area for each sample shall be 200 in. (1290 cm ).
control polish.
7.3 Placement of Polishes:
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-21 on Polishes,
7.3.1 Alternative A—A controlled randomized method of
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance Tests.
laying out the test (X) and control (C) polishes is represented
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 1994. Published January 1995. Originally
published as D 3751 – 79. Last previous edition D 3751 – 89a. as follows:
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3751
8.1.2.8 Water Spotting—At least 2 h after application of the
Test Panel Left Center Right
polishes, place at random on the polished surfaces several spots
1C X C
of water about the size of a penny. Allow the water to remain
2C C X
on the surface for 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 1 h. At precise
3X C X
4X X C
intervals, blot the water with a paper towel or other absorbent
material. DO NOT WIPE. Observe the presence and degree of
These four positionings should be written on tags and drawn
film damage. Other materials such as milk, coffee, juice,
randomly by each of the four who apply the polishes.
alcoholic beverages, etc., may be used to supplement the water
7.3.2 Alternative B—A controlled randomized method of
test.
laying out the test (X) and control (C) polishes is represented
8.1.2.9 Gloss Retention—Observe the degree of gloss of a
as follows:
freshly applied polish film compared to that of an aged polish
Test Panel Left Right
film.
1C X
8.1.2.10 Dust Attraction—Measure by carefully wiping the
2X C
test surface to remove all dirt and dust. Place the test substrate
3C X
4X C
in a place to accumulate dust. Check dust build-up on the panel
after 24, 48, and 72 h, and after 1 week.
These four positionings should be written on tags and drawn
randomly by each of the four who apply the polishes.
9. Report
8. Evaluation
9.1 Alternative A—Using 7.3.1 rate all properties 0 to 5. A
8.1 Compare the test polish and the control as follows: value of 5 equals excellent and 0 equals complete failure.
8.1.1 Application Properties (Ease of Rub-Out to Maximum Values in between are various degrees between these extremes.
Gloss)—During application of the pol
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