ASTM D3493-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Oil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
Standard Test Method for Carbon Black-Oil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The oil absorption number of a carbon black is related to the processing and vulcanizate properties of rubber compounds containing the carbon black.
The difference between the regular oil absorption number and the oil absorption number of compressed sample is some measure of the stability of the structure of the carbon black.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the mechanical compression of a carbon black sample and the determination of the oil absorption number of the compressed sample.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D3493 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed
1
Sample (COAN)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the mechani- 3.1 Asample of carbon black is compressed four times in a
compression cylinder at a pressure of 165 MPa (24000 psi)
cal compression of a carbon black sample and the determina-
tion of the oil absorption number of the compressed sample. and then tested in an absorptometer to determine the oil
absorption number.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2 n-Dibutyl phthalate or paraffin oil is added by means of
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
aconstant-rateburettothecompressedsampleofcarbonblack
only.
in the mixer chamber of an absorptometer. As the sample
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
absorbs the oil, the mixture changes from a free-flowing state
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
to one of a semiplastic agglomeration, with an accompanying
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
increase in viscosity. This increased viscosity is transmitted to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the torque-sensing system of the absorptometer. When the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
viscosity of the mixture reaches a predetermined torque level,
the absorptometer and buret will simultaneously shut off. The
2. Referenced Documents
volume of oil added is read from the direct reading buret. The
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
volume of oil per unit mass of carbon black is the oil
D1765Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in
absorption number. Either DBPor paraffin oil is acceptable for
Rubber Products
use with many standard pelleted grades of N-series carbon
D1799Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Packaged
blacks found in Classification D1765. COAN testing using
Shipments
paraffin oil on some specialty blacks and powder blacks may
D1900Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Bulk Ship-
result in significant differences when compared to COAN
ments
testing using DBP oil. Referee testing between suppliers and
D2414Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
users should use DBPoil until such time that precision data is
Number (OAN)
available for paraffin oil.
D4821Guide for Carbon Black—Validation of Test Method
4. Significance and Use
Precision and Bias
D4483Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method
4.1 Theoilabsorptionnumberofacarbonblackisrelatedto
StandardsintheRubberandCarbonBlackManufacturing
theprocessingandvulcanizatepropertiesofrubbercompounds
Industries
containing the carbon black.
4.2 The difference between the regular oil absorption num-
ber and the oil absorption number of compressed sample is
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D24 on Carbon
some measure of the stability of the structure of the carbon
Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.11 on Carbon Black
black.
Structure.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally
3
5. Apparatus
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3493–07. DOI:
10.1520/D3493-09.
5.1 Balance, analytical, 0.01-g sensitivity.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Each apparatus is to be operated and maintained in accordance with the
the ASTM website. manufacturer’s directions for optimum performance.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3493 − 09
5.2 Oven, gravity-convection type, capable of maintaining 8. Calibration and Standardization
125°C 6 5°C.
8.1 See Test Method D2414.
5.3 Carbon Black Press, capable of compressing a 25-g
NOTE 1—If values are not obtained within the acceptable range, it will
4
sample to 165 MPa (24 000 psi).
be necessary to either vary the pressure of the hydraulic press until
5
acceptable values are obtained or follow Guide D4821.
5.4 Absorptometer, equipped with a constant-rate buret that
3 3
delivers 67 6 0.4 mm /s (4 6 0.024 cm /min).
9. Procedure
5.5 Spatula, rubber, 100 mm.
9.1 Dry an adequate sample for1hina specified oven set
5.6 Sieve, 850 µm (U.S. No. 20), approximately 12
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3493–07 Designation:D3493–09
Standard Test Method for
Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed
1
Sample (COAN)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the mechanical compression of a carbon black sample and the determination of
the oil absorption number of the compressed sample.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
D1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Packaged Shipments
D1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk Shipments
D2414 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number (OAN)
D4821 Guide for Carbon BlackValidation of Test Method Precision and Bias
D4483 PracticeforEvaluatingPrecisionforTestMethodStandardsintheRubberandCarbonBlackManufacturingIndustries
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A sample of carbon black is compressed four times in a compression cylinder at a pressure of 165 MPa (24000 psi) and
then tested in an absorptometer to determine the oil absorption number.
3.2 n-Dibutyl phthalate or paraffin oil is added by means of a constant-rate buret to the compressed sample of carbon black in
the mixer chamber of an absorptometer.As the sample absorbs the oil, the mixture changes from a free-flowing state to one of a
semiplastic agglomeration, with an accompanying increase in viscosity. This increased viscosity is transmitted to the
torque-sensing system of the absorptometer. When the viscosity of the mixture reaches a predetermined torque level, the
absorptometer and buret will simultaneously shut off. The volume of oil added is read from the direct reading buret. The volume
ofoilperunitmassofcarbonblackistheoilabsorptionnumber.EitherDBPorparaffinoilisacceptableforusewithmanystandard
pelletedgradesofN-seriescarbonblacksfoundinClassificationD1765.COANtestingusingparaffinoilonsomespecialtyblacks
and powder blacks may result in significant differences when compared to COAN testing using DBPoil. Referee testing between
suppliers and users should use DBP oil until such time that precision data is available for paraffin oil.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The oil absorption number of a carbon black is related to the processing and vulcanizate properties of rubber compounds
containing the carbon black.
4.2 The difference between the regular oil absorption number and the oil absorption number of compressed sample is some
measure of the stability of the structure of the carbon black.
3
5. Apparatus
5.1 Balance, analytical, 0.01-g sensitivity.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD24onCarbonBlackandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD24.11onCarbonBlackStructure.
´1
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3493–06 .
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3493–07.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Each apparatus is to be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s directions for optimum performance.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3493–09
5.2 Oven, gravity-convection type, capable of maintaining 125°C 6 5°C.
4
5.3 Carbon Black Press, capable of compressing a 25-g sample to 165 MPa (24 000 psi).
3 3
5
5.4 Absorptometer, equipped with a constant-rate buret that delivers 67 6 0.4 mm /s (4 6 0.024 cm /min).
5.5 Spatula, rubber, 100 mm.
5.6 Sieve, 850 µm (U.S. No.
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3493–07 Designation:D3493–09
Standard Test Method for
Carbon Black—Oil Absorption Number of Compressed
1
Sample (COAN)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3493; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the mechanical compression of a carbon black sample and the determination of
the oil absorption number of the compressed sample.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
D1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Packaged Shipments
D1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk Shipments
D2414 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number (OAN)
D4821 Guide for Carbon BlackValidation of Test Method Precision and Bias
D4483 PracticeforEvaluatingPrecisionforTestMethodStandardsintheRubberandCarbonBlackManufacturingIndustries
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A sample of carbon black is compressed four times in a compression cylinder at a pressure of 165 MPa (24000 psi) and
then tested in an absorptometer to determine the oil absorption number.
3.2 n-Dibutyl phthalate or paraffin oil is added by means of a constant-rate buret to the compressed sample of carbon black in
the mixer chamber of an absorptometer.As the sample absorbs the oil, the mixture changes from a free-flowing state to one of a
semiplastic agglomeration, with an accompanying increase in viscosity. This increased viscosity is transmitted to the
torque-sensing system of the absorptometer. When the viscosity of the mixture reaches a predetermined torque level, the
absorptometer and buret will simultaneously shut off. The volume of oil added is read from the direct reading buret. The volume
ofoilperunitmassofcarbonblackistheoilabsorptionnumber.EitherDBPorparaffinoilisacceptableforusewithmanystandard
pelletedgradesofN-seriescarbonblacksfoundinClassificationD1765.COANtestingusingparaffinoilonsomespecialtyblacks
and powder blacks may result in significant differences when compared to COAN testing using DBPoil. Referee testing between
suppliers and users should use DBP oil until such time that precision data is available for paraffin oil.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The oil absorption number of a carbon black is related to the processing and vulcanizate properties of rubber compounds
containing the carbon black.
4.2 The difference between the regular oil absorption number and the oil absorption number of compressed sample is some
measure of the stability of the structure of the carbon black.
3
5. Apparatus
5.1 Balance, analytical, 0.01-g sensitivity.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD24onCarbonBlackandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD24.11onCarbonBlackStructure.
´1
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D3493–06 .
Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3493–07.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Each apparatus is to be operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s directions for optimum performance.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3493–09
5.2 Oven, gravity-convection type, capable of maintaining 125°C 6 5°C.
4
5.3 Carbon Black Press, capable of compressing a 25-g sample to 165 MPa (24 000 psi).
3 3
5
5.4 Absorptometer, equipped with a constant-rate buret that delivers 67 6 0.4 mm /s (4 6 0.024 cm /min).
5.5 Spatula, rubber, 100 mm.
5.6 Sieve, 850 µm (U.S. No.
...
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