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ASTM D7835/D7835M-23

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine

Standard Test Method for Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many coatings used in the coil coating and other industries achieve a degree of solvent resistance after they have experienced a bake condition characterized by exposure to elevated temperatures in an oven over time. Insufficient bake, or occasionally over bake, may affect the intended chemical bonds or physical curing of the film and result in reduced solvent resistance.  
5.2 The mechanical rubbing machine provides consistent stroke length, rate, pressure, and contact area that are not subject to variables such as human fatigue (see Practice D5402).  
5.3 Factors other than bake can influence degree of solvent resistance of a coated surface. Paint film chemistry and composition, surface preparation, oven dwell time, oven air velocity, ambient oven temperature, oven profiling, film thickness, etc., all are influential. The test solvent used in the rub machine has a significant effect on the number of double rubs measured. Common solvents used for these tests include Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK), Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK), and Isopropyl Alcohol to name a few. The specific solvent to be used and the umber of double rubs to be achieved should be agreed upon between manufacturer and user for any given coating system, thickness, and application.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a mechanical rub method for assessing the solvent resistance of an organic coating that chemically and/or physically changes during the curing process. This technique can be used in the laboratory, in the field, or in the fabricating shop.  
1.2 This test method does not specify the solvent, number of double rubs, or expected test results.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Sep-2023
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.53 - Coil Coated Metal
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7835/D7835M-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine
Effective Date
01-Oct-2023

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7835/D7835M − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating
1
Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7835/D7835M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D5402 Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of
Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs
1.1 This test method covers a mechanical rub method for
D5796 Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness
assessing the solvent resistance of an organic coating that
of Thin-Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means
chemically and/or physically changes during the curing pro-
Using a Boring Device
cess. This technique can be used in the laboratory, in the field,
D6132 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
or in the fabricating shop.
Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an
1.2 This test method does not specify the solvent, number of
Ultrasonic Coating Thickness Gage
double rubs, or expected test results.
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry
Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coat-
ings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ASTM Test Methods
used independently of the other, and values from the two
systems shall not be combined. E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.1 double rub, n—one complete forward and backward
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
motion over a coated surface under specific conditions, which
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
are characterized by the force applied normal to the surface, the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
length of travel, and rate of speed.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Summary of Test Method
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 An automated machine is used to test the solvent
resistance of a coating by rubbing a cloth saturated with the
2. Referenced Documents
solvent across the coating and counting the number of strokes
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: (double rubs) to coating break-through or failure.
D740 Specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone
5. Significance and Use
D4138 Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of
Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-
5.1 Many coatings used in the coil coating and other
Sectioning Means
industries achieve a degree of solvent resistance after they have
experienced a bake condition characterized by exposure to
elevated temperatures in an oven over time. Insufficient bake,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
or occasionally over bake, may affect the intended chemical
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.53 on Coil Coated Metal.
bonds or physical curing of the film and result in reduced
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2023. Published October 2023. Originally
solvent resistance.
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D7835/D7835M – 19.
DOI: 10.1520/D7835/D7835M-23.
5.2 The mechanical rubbing machine provides consistent
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
stroke length, rate, pressure, and contact area that are not
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
subject to variables such as human fatigue (see Practice
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. D5402).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 --
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7835/D7835M − 19 D7835/D7835M − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Solvent Resistance of an Organic Coating
1
Using a Mechanical Rubbing Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7835/D7835M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a mechanical rub method for assessing the solvent resistance of an organic coating that chemically
and/or physically changes during the curing process. This technique can be used in the laboratory, in the field, or in the fabricating
shop.
1.2 This test method does not specify the solvent, number of double rubs, or expected test results.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D740 Specification for Methyl Ethyl Ketone
D4138 Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning
Means
D5402 Practice for Assessing the Solvent Resistance of Organic Coatings Using Solvent Rubs
D5796 Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin-Film Coil-Coated Systems by Destructive Means Using
a Boring Device
D6132 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic
Coating Thickness Gage
D7091 Practice for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals
and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.53 on Coil Coated Metal.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2019Oct. 1, 2023. Published January 2019October 2023. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 20132019 as
D7835/D7835M – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D7835/D7835M-1919. DOI: 10.1520/D7835/D7835M-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7835/D7835M − 23
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 double rub, n—one complete forward and backward motion over a coated surface under specific conditions, which are
characterized by the force applied normal to the surface, the length of travel, and rate of speed.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 An automated machine is used to test the solvent resistance of a coating by rubbing a cloth saturated with the solvent across
the coating and counting the number of strokes (double rubs) to coating break-through or failure.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Many coatings used in the coil coating and other industries achieve a degree of solvent resistance after they have experienced
a bake condition characterized by exposure to elevated temperatures in an oven over time. Insufficient bake, or occasionally over
bake, may affect the intended chemical bonds or physical curing of the fil
...

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4.1 The pull-off strength (commonly referred to as adhesion) of a coating is an important performance property that has been used in specifications. This test method serves as a means for uniformly preparing and testing organic coatings on plastic or other substrates.4 Further information may be found in Appendix X1.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of organic coating adhesion to plastic substrates by mounting and removing a metal stud from the surface of the coating and measuring the force required to break the coating/substrate bond with a tensile tester. This test method may also be applied to substrates other than plastic.  
1.2 This test method requires that the metal stud be adhered directly to the surface of a coated, cured panel (Fig. 1).
FIG. 1 Direct Tensile Model  
1.3 This test method is used to compare the adhesion of coatings to plastic or other substrates, thus allowing for a quantitative comparison of various coating/substrate combinations in laboratory conditions.  
1.4 Other tensile test methods are Test Methods D4541, D7234, D7522, and ISO 4624 (but are not technically equivalent).  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2370-16(2021)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this method are of value in studying the behavior of coatings subjected to environmental stresses, such as those produced by aging and weathering. (See Refs. (1-10).)4  
5.2 Tensile properties may vary with specimen thickness, method of preparation, gage length, rate of load application, tensile tester response, and type of grips used. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elongation, tensile strength, and stiffness (modulus of elasticity) of organic coatings when tested as free films.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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