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ASTM D6476-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint Fabrics

Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint Fabrics

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedures used to determine under dynamic airflow conditions the high pressure permeability of permeable fabrics typically used for inflatable restraints. For the determination of air permeability of inflatable restraint fabrics under low pressure conditions at steady-state air flow, refer to Test Method D737.
1.2 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this test method may be used by agreement of purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from the standard acknowledged in the report
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2005
ICS
43.040.60 - Bodies and body components
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.20 - Inflatable Restraints
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6476-02 - Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint Fabrics
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D6476-08 - Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint Fabrics
Effective Date
01-Jul-2008
Referred By
ASTM D5446-08(2019) - Standard Practice for Determining Physical Properties of Fabrics, Yarns, and Sewing Thread Used in Inflatable Restraints
Effective Date
01-Apr-2005

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ASTM D6476-05 - Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint Fabrics
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 6476 – 05
Standard Test Method for
Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint
1
Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the procedures used to deter- 3.1 Definitions:
mine under dynamic airflow conditions the high pressure 3.1.1 For definitions of other textile and statistical terms
permeability of permeable, uncoated fabrics typically used for used in this standard, refer to Terminology D 123, D 2906 and
inflatable restraints. For the determination of air permeability Terminology D 6799.
of inflatable restraint fabrics under low pressure conditions at
4. Summary of Test Method
steady-state air flow, refer to Test Method D 737.
1.2 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this 4.1 A volume of dessicated compressed air at known vol-
ume and pressure passes through a fabric specimen into the
test method may be used by agreement of purchaser and
supplier with the specific deviations from the standard ac- standard atmosphere for testing textiles. During the portion of
the test cycle which simulates airbag inflation, the pressure
knowledged in the report.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units differential pressure across the specimen rises to a value
corresponding to a peak inflation pressure. During the portion
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system of the test cycle which simulates airbag deflation, the pressure
differential drops to 0 kPa as the air passes through the
must be used independently of the other.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the specimen. The time to reach the maximum pressure and the
subsequent time to correspond to similar times in an airbag
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- deployment.
4.2 Software algorithms integral to the apparatus smooth
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
out the pressure data and determine the values for ADAP and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
EXP.
2. Referenced Documents
2 5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles 5.1 For matters relating to lot acceptance of commercial
shipments and conformity to specification or other standard,
D 737 Test Method forAir Permeability of Textile Products
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing refer to Section 13 of this test method.
5.2 This test method is useful in the selection and design
D 2904 Practice for InterlaboratoryTesting of aTextileTest
Method that Produces Normally Distributed Data validation of permeable, uncoatable fabrics used in inflatable
restraint cushions.The dynamic conditions and higher pressure
D 2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
Textiles differentials of this test method may better simulate the
inflation and deflation cycle of an airbag module during
D 6799 Terminology Relating to Inflatable Restraints
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to deployment than do the steady-state conditions of Test Method
D 737.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
5.2.1 Only uncoated, permeable fabrics should be used. Use
of coated fabrics may yield invalid results and potentially
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles
damage the test apparatus.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.20 on Inflatable Restraints.
5.3 Within the limits of variance expressed in Section 12,
Current edition approved April 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 6476–02.
this test method is useful for design validation and may be
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
suitable for incorporation in a material specification or for lot
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
acceptance testing of commercial shipments. Caution is ad-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3
the ASTM website. vised on very low permeability fabrics or with the 200 cm .
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6476–05
size test heat because between-laboratory precision as pre- 6.7 Filter Requirements, data sampl
...

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Standard Test Method for Determining Dynamic Air Permeability of Inflatable Restraint Fabrics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 For matters relating to lot acceptance of commercial shipments and conformity to specification or other standard, refer to Section 13 of this test method.  
5.2 This test method is useful in the selection and design validation of permeable, uncoatable fabrics used in inflatable restraint cushions. The dynamic conditions and higher pressure differentials of this test method may better simulate the inflation and deflation cycle of an airbag module during deployment than do the steady-state conditions of Test Method D737.  
5.2.1 Only uncoated, permeable fabrics should be used. Use of coated fabrics may yield invalid results and potentially damage the test apparatus.  
5.3 Within the limits of variance expressed in Section 12, this test method is useful for design validation and may be suitable for incorporation in a material specification or for lot acceptance testing of commercial shipments. Caution is advised on very low permeability fabrics or with the 200 cm3 size test head because between-laboratory precision as presented in Section 12 may be as high as 21 %.  
5.4 This test method may be used for materials other than inflatable restraint fabrics which experience dynamic air permeability in sudden bursts. In such cases, the physical apparatus or its software algorithms may require modification to provide suitability for use.  
5.5 Due to the split-second time interval for testing, the pressure versus time data is subject to recording anomalies and electronic noise. The data should be digitally filtered to obtain the underlying smooth pressure curve prior to data analysis. The software in the apparatus includes a reliable algorithm both to smooth the curve and to determine the exponent of air permeability.  
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1.2 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this test method may be used by agreement of purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from the standard acknowledged in the report.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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5.1 A measurement of a fabric's edgecomb resistance indicates the relative tendency of a fabric to pull apart under seam stress or similar action. The related concepts of yarn slippage and seam slippage are limited to sewn seams, whereas the measurement of edgecomb resistance is made at the edge of a cut part in the absence of a sewn seam. The absence of a sewn seam in this test method eliminates the effect that a particular stitch might have on the tendency of a yarn to slip near an edge of a cut part  
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ASTM D5446-08(2019)(Practice)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Every ASTM test method listed in 2.1 contains a section describing its particular significance and use. Other test methods listed in 2.1 of this practice may contain sections pertaining to their particular significance and use.  
5.2 The physical testing procedures in this practice can be used in conjunction with lot sampling procedures as a basis for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of inflatable restraint fabrics. They may be used to establish the criteria by which inflatable restraint fabrics will be tested by the supplier to determine whether a lot of material is acceptable for shipment to the purchaser.  
5.3 This practice addresses all the physical properties that describe inflatable restraint fabrics and their commonly used test methods. Unless otherwise specified by agreement of purchaser and supplier, these standard test methods shall constitute the test conditions, procedures, and equipment used to determine the physical properties of fabrics used in inflatable restraints. It is intended to be used as a guideline in establishing a written material specification. The specification or agreement of purchaser and supplier may deviate from the practices described herein when (based on experience) considerations of fabric properties, material handling equipment, or inflatable restraint system design dictate otherwise.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is a listing of the test methods commonly employed in determining the physical properties of fabrics and yarns used in the manufacture of inflatable restraints.  
1.2 Fabrics used in the manufacture of inflatable restraints may be coated or uncoated, and may be comprised of spun yarns, continuous filament yarns, or a combination thereof.  
1.3 Fabrics used in the manufacturer of inflatable restraints may be either flat or one piece woven. For the one-piece woven, follow the sampling section of D5446 and the individual test method.  
1.4 In Section 9, this practice lists is alphabetical order the procedures associated with conducting physical testing of the following fabric or yarn properties of concern to the design and manufacture of inflatable restraints.    
Yarn  
Section  
Denier (Yarn Number)  
9.3.1    
Fiber Content  
9.3.2    
Finish (Extractable Material)  
9.3.3    
Strength and Elongation  
9.3.4    
Twist  
9.3.5    
Fabric  
Air Permeability  
9.3.6    
Abrasion Resistance  
9.3.7    
Blocking  
9.3.8    
Bow and Skew  
9.3.9    
Breaking Force & Elongation  
9.3.10  
Burst Strength  
9.3.11  
Coating Adhesion  
9.3.12  
Coating Weight  
9.3.13  
Count of Woven Fabric  
9.3.14  
Dynamic Air Permeability  
9.3.28  
Edgecomb Resistance  
9.3.29  
Flammability  
9.3.15  
Fogging (Volatility)  
9.3.16  
Length  
9.3.17  
Mass per Unit Area  
9.3.18  
Non-Fibrous Material  
9.3.19  
Odor  
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Packability  
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pH  
9.3.21  
Stiffness  
9.3.22  
Tear Strength  
9.3.23  
Thickness  
9.3.24  
Warp Size Content & Residual Sizing  
9.3.25  
Width  
9.3.26  
Sewing Thread  
9.3.27  
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1.6 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this practice may be used by agreement of purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from the standard practice acknowledged in the report.  
1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 For matters relating to lot acceptance of commercial shipments and conformity to specification or other standard, refer to Section 13 of this test method.  
5.2 This test method is useful in the selection and design validation of permeable, uncoatable fabrics used in inflatable restraint cushions. The dynamic conditions and higher pressure differentials of this test method may better simulate the inflation and deflation cycle of an airbag module during deployment than do the steady-state conditions of Test Method D737.  
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5.5 Due to the split-second time interval for testing, the pressure versus time data is subject to recording anomalies and electronic noise. The data should be digitally filtered to obtain the underlying smooth pressure curve prior to data analysis. The software in the apparatus includes a reliable algorithm both to smooth the curve and to determine the exponent of air permeability.  
5.6 It is inherent in the design and operation of this equipment that major components key to the calibration and measurements are specific to the individual test head. The size or permeability measuring range of the test head is typically chosen to ...
SCOPE
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1.2 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this test method may be used by agreement of purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from the standard acknowledged in the report.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 Procedures and apparatus other than those stated in this standard may be used by agreement of purchaser and supplier with the specific deviations from the standard practice acknowledged in the report.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Every ASTM test method listed in 2.1 contains a section describing its particular significance and use. Other test methods listed in 2.1 of this practice may contain sections pertaining to their particular significance and use.  
5.2 The physical testing procedures in this practice can be used in conjunction with lot sampling procedures as a basis for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of inflatable restraint fabrics. They may be used to establish the criteria by which inflatable restraint fabrics will be tested by the supplier to determine whether a lot of material is acceptable for shipment to the purchaser.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 Fabrics used in the manufacture of inflatable restraints may be coated or uncoated, and may be comprised of spun yarns, continuous filament yarns, or a combination thereof.  
1.3 Fabrics used in the manufacturer of inflatable restraints may be either flat or one piece woven. For the one-piece woven, follow the sampling section of D5446 and the individual test method.  
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Yarn  
Section  
Denier (Yarn Number)  
9.3.1    
Fiber Content  
9.3.2    
Finish (Extractable Material)  
9.3.3    
Strength and Elongation  
9.3.4    
Twist  
9.3.5    
Fabric  
Air Permeability  
9.3.6    
Abrasion Resistance  
9.3.7    
Blocking  
9.3.8    
Bow and Skew  
9.3.9    
Breaking Force & Elongation  
9.3.10  
Burst Strength  
9.3.11  
Coating Adhesion  
9.3.12  
Coating Weight  
9.3.13  
Count of Woven Fabric  
9.3.14  
Dynamic Air Permeability  
9.3.28  
Edgecomb Resistance  
9.3.29  
Flammability  
9.3.15  
Fogging (Volatility)  
9.3.16  
Length  
9.3.17  
Mass per Unit Area  
9.3.18  
Non-Fibrous Material  
9.3.19  
Odor  
9.3.20  
Packability  
9.3.30  
pH  
9.3.21  
Stiffness  
9.3.22  
Tear Strength  
9.3.23  
Thickness  
9.3.24  
Warp Size Content & Residual Sizing  
9.3.25  
Width  
9.3.26  
Sewing Thread  
9.3.27  
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1.7 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 Procedures in this test method describe operator techniques that must be followed closely to obtain repeatable and accurate results. Since these techniques are difficult to convey in writing, supplemental training for operators is required. A training video is available from ASTM (see Adjuncts ADJD6478 and ADJD6478A).  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage.”  
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the change in length on drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded standard sand.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selection of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off