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ASTM D2370-16(2021)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this method are of value in studying the behavior of coatings subjected to environmental stresses, such as those produced by aging and weathering. (See Refs. (1-10).)4  
5.2 Tensile properties may vary with specimen thickness, method of preparation, gage length, rate of load application, tensile tester response, and type of grips used. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully controlled.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the elongation, tensile strength, and stiffness (modulus of elasticity) of organic coatings when tested as free films.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Oct-2021
ICS
25.220.60 - Organic coatings
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.23 - Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D1005-95(2020) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020

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ASTM D2370-16(2021) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic CoatingsASTM D2370-16(2021) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings
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ASTM D2370-16(2021) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2370 − 16 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
1
Tensile Properties of Organic Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2370; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D4708Practice for Preparation of Uniform Free Films of
Organic Coatings
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
elongation, tensile strength, and stiffness (modulus of elastic-
3. Terminology
ity) of organic coatings when tested as free films.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.1 elongation at break, n—the increase in specimen
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
length from the point of initial load application to the point of
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
film rupture in a tension test.
tion only and are not considered standard.
3.1.2 gage length, n—the initial length of the test specimen
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
between the jaws of the tensile tester.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.1.3 stiffness (modulus of elasticity), n—the load per unit
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
arearequiredtoelongatethefilm1%fromthefirstpointinthe
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. stress-strain curve where the slope becomes constant.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.4 stress-strain curve, n—the curve resulting from a plot
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
of tensile load against the distance of jaw separation (elonga-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tion of specimen).
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.5 tensile strength (nominal), n—the load per original
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
unit area at which a specimen fails or yields in a tension (pull)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
test.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Test Method
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Free unsupported films of the materials to be tested are
D823Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thickness
prepared in accordance with Practice D4708. The tensile
of Paint, Coatings and Related Products on Test Panels
propertiesofthefreefilmsaredeterminedbymeansofatensile
D882Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
testing apparatus.
Sheeting
D1005Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thick-
5. Significance and Use
ness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D3980Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and
5.1 Tensile properties determined by this method are of
3
Related Materials (Withdrawn 1998)
value in studying the behavior of coatings subjected to envi-
ronmental stresses, such as those produced by aging and
4
weathering. (See Refs. (1-10).)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
5.2 Tensile properties may vary with specimen thickness,
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
method of preparation, gage length, rate of load application,
Subcommittee D01.23 on Physical Properties of Applied Paint Films.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published November 2021. Originally
tensile tester response, and type of grips used. Consequently,
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D2370–16. DOI:
where precise comparative results are desired, these factors
10.1520/D2370-16R21.
must be carefully controlled.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Boldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendofthis
www.astm.org. standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2370 − 16 (2021)
6. Apparatus specimen to 60.1 µm (0.04 mil) with a micrometer in
accordance with Test Method D1005, taking five measure-
6.1 Equipm
...

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5.1 Stresses in coatings arise as a result of their shrinkage or expansion if expected movements are prevented by coating adhesion to its substrate.  
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3.1 These test methods can be used to determine the various stages and rates of drying, curing, and film formation of organic coatings for comparing types of coatings, assessing the impact of compositional changes on drying time, or for assessing drying/curing time in the shop or field. Low temperature can significantly slow the drying rate of coatings so low temperature curing agents, catalysts and/or accelerators are often available to aid drying and film formation under cooler temperatures. Method B is designed to evaluate these components and/or to determine the effect of cooler temperatures on drying rates. Conversely, the drying/curing rate of certain coatings can be accelerated under elevated temperature/humidity conditions, while others may be adversely impacted by elevated humidity. Method C is designed to evaluate the effects of elevated temperature and relative humidity conditions on drying, curing, and film formation of paints and coatings. The terms dry or drying, cure or curing, and film formation are used interchangeably throughout this standard.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The pull-off strength (commonly referred to as adhesion) of a coating is an important performance property that has been used in specifications. This test method serves as a means for uniformly preparing and testing organic coatings on plastic or other substrates.4 Further information may be found in Appendix X1.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of organic coating adhesion to plastic substrates by mounting and removing a metal stud from the surface of the coating and measuring the force required to break the coating/substrate bond with a tensile tester. This test method may also be applied to substrates other than plastic.  
1.2 This test method requires that the metal stud be adhered directly to the surface of a coated, cured panel (Fig. 1).
FIG. 1 Direct Tensile Model  
1.3 This test method is used to compare the adhesion of coatings to plastic or other substrates, thus allowing for a quantitative comparison of various coating/substrate combinations in laboratory conditions.  
1.4 Other tensile test methods are Test Methods D4541, D7234, D7522, and ISO 4624 (but are not technically equivalent).  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Coatings attached to substrates are elongated when the substrates are dimensionally unstable, or are bent during the manufacture of articles or when the articles are abused in service. These test methods have been useful in rating attached coatings for their ability to resist cracking when elongated. They have been useful in evaluating the flexibility of coatings on flexible substrates. The elongation of coating films may also be tested using Test Method D2370. The correlation between elongation determined in accordance with Test Methods D522/D522M and D2370 is unknown.
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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance to cracking (flexibility) of attached organic coatings on substrates of sheet metal or rubber-type materials.  
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