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ASTM C1491-03

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Concrete Roof Pavers

Standard Specification for Concrete Roof Pavers

ABSTRACT
This specification covers concrete roof pavers that are machine-made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials, for use as roof ballast and protection of roof membranes. Requirements for ballast weight per unit area shall be specified separately. The average resistance to flexural load for three paver units and resistance to flexural load of each individual unit shall exceed the prescribed requirements. In areas where repeated freezing and thawing under saturated conditions occur, freeze-thaw durability shall be demonstrated by test or by proven field performance that the concrete roof paver units have adequate durability for the intended use. Minor cracks incidental to the usual method of manufacture or minor chipping resulting from customary methods of handling in shipment and delivery are not grounds for rejection. Compressive strength, flexural load, absorption, density, ballast weight, and dimensional tolerance shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers concrete roof pavers that are machine-made from portland cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials, for use as roof ballast and protection of roof membranes.Note 1—The design of roof ballast systems for resisting wind uplift is beyond the scope of this specification. Building codes and other standards should be consulted in designing for wind uplift resistance.
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jun-2003
ICS
91.060.20 - Roofs
Technical Committee
C15 - Manufactured Masonry Units
Drafting Committee
C15.03 - Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1491-01a - Standard Specification for Concrete Roof Pavers
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Replaced By
ASTM C1491-03(2009) - Standard Specification for Concrete Roof Pavers
Effective Date
01-Jun-2009
Referred By
ASTM C140/C140M-23 - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM C1884-23 - Standard Specification for Manufactured Concrete Ballast Units
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Referred By
ASTM C1232-21a - Standard Terminology for Masonry
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003

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ASTM C1491-03 - Standard Specification for Concrete Roof Pavers
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 1491 – 03
Standard Specification for
1
Concrete Roof Pavers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1491; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C 1262 Test Method for Evaluating the Freeze-Thaw Dura-
bility of Manufactured Concrete Masonry Units and Re-
1.1 This specification covers concrete roof pavers that are
3
lated Concrete Units
machine-made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable
mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other
3. Terminology
materials, for use as roof ballast and protection of roof
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C 1209 and Ter-
membranes.
minology C 1232 shall apply to this specification.
NOTE 1—The design of roof ballast systems for resisting wind uplift is
beyond the scope of this specification. Building codes and other standards
4. Material
should be consulted in designing for wind uplift resistance.
4.1 Cementitious Materials—Materials shall conform to the
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
following applicable specifications:
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C 150.
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
4.1.2 Modified Portland Cement—Portland cement con-
as requirements of the standard.
forming to Specification C 150, modified as follows:
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1.2.1 Limestone—Limestone, with a minimum 85 % cal-
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
cium carbonate (CaCO ) content, shall be permitted to be
3
information only.
added to the cement, provided the requirements of Specifica-
tion C 150 are modified as follows:
2. Referenced Documents
(1) Limitation on Insoluble Residue—1.5 %.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
(2) Limitation on Air Content of Mortar—Volume percent,
2
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
22 % max.
C 140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete
(3) Limitation on Loss on Ignition—7 %.
3
Masonry Units and Related Units
4.1.3 Blended Cements—Cement conforming to either
4
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
Specification C 595 or Specification C 1157.
C 331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Con-
4.1.4 Pozzolans—Specification C 618.
2
crete Masonry Units
4.1.5 Blast Furnace Slag—Specification C 989.
4
C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
4.2 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the following
C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
specifications, except that grading requirements shall not
Natural Pozzolan for Use as a Mineral Admixture in
necessarily apply:
2
Concrete
4.2.1 Normal Weight Aggregates—Specification C 33.
C 989 Specification for Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace
4.2.2 Lightweight Aggregates—Specification C 331.
2
Slag for Use in Concrete and Mortars
4.3 Other Constituents—Air-entraining agents, coloring
4
C 1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
pigments, integral water repellents, finely ground silica, and
C 1209 Terminology of Concrete Masonry Units and Re-
otherconstituentsshallbepreviouslyestablishedassuitablefor
3
lated Units
use in concrete roof pavers and shall conform to applicable
3
C 1232 Terminology of Masonry
ASTM standards or shall be shown by test or experience
satisfactory to the purchaser to be not detrimental to the
durability of the units or any material customarily used in
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
concrete roof pavers.
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
5. Physical Requirements
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published August 2003. Originally
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C 1491–01a.
5.1 At the time of delivery to the work site, the units shall
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3 conform to the physical requirements ofTable 1 and shall have
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. a minimum net area average compression strength (average of
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1491–03
TABLE 1 Absorption Requirements for Concrete Roof Pavers
of the construction. Minor cracks incidental to the usual
Maximum Water Absorption, method of manufacture or minor chipping resulting from
Concrete Density,
3 3
lb/ft (kg/m )
3 3
customa
...

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ASTM E2140-01(2023)(Test Method)
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5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining water leakage through metal roof panel system sideseams, endlaps, and roof plane penetrations when the roof system is subjected to a specified static water pressure head.
Note 2: In applying the results of tests by this method, note that the performance of a roof or its components or both, is in part a function of proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will also depend on the integrity of the supporting construction, roof slope, and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes: corrosive atmosphere, aging, ice, vibration, thermal cycling, etc. It is difficult to simulate the identical complex wetting, aging, and other variable conditions that can be encountered in service, including wind-blown ponded water; the effects of temperature and age on sealant performance; differential pressure across the joints due to wind, snow, and ice accumulation; densification and migration; and abrasions within the joint components which may occur during thermal cycling and other weather events. Some joint conditions are more sensitive than others to these factors.  
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1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.  
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