ASTM C593-06

Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Other Pozzolans for Use With Lime for Soil Stabilization

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the qualification of fly ash and other pozzolans for use with lime in plastic, nonplastic mixtures and other mixtures that affect lime pozzolanic reaction required by soil stabilization. Evaluation of pozzolans containing available lime, such as Class C fly ash, is given consideration. Pozzolans covered include artificial pozzolans such as fly ash, and natural pozzolans, such as diatomite and pumicite, in either raw or calcined state. Various procedures are recommended to quantify various aspects of the lime enhanced pozzolanic reaction. The tests shall qualify sources of fly ash and other pozzolans to meet specified job or project criteria as related to soil stabilization. The following shall be peformed on the pozzolan: water-soluble fraction, fineness, and lime-pozzolan strength development. For the nonplastic mixtures, compressive strength development and freeze-thaw resistance tests shall be performed. The materials shall be subjected to vacuum saturation strength testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the qualification of fly ash and other pozzolans for use with lime in plastic, nonplastic mixtures and other mixtures that affect lime pozzolanic reaction required by soil stabilization. Evaluation of pozzolans containing available lime, such as Class C fly ash, is given consideration. Pozzolans covered include artificial pozzolans such as fly ash, and natural pozzolans, such as diatomite and pumicite, in either raw or calcined state.
1.2 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Sections 5 and 10 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-2006
• Technical Committee: C07 - Lime and Limestone
• Drafting Committee: C07.02 - Specifications and Guidelines

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C593-05 - Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Other Pozzolans for Use With Lime for Soil Stabilization
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006
• Replaced By: ASTM C593-06(2011) - Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Other Pozzolans for Use With Lime for Soil Stabilization
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2277-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Coal Ash Structural Fills
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D7762-18e1 - Standard Practice for Design of Stabilization of Soil and Soil-Like Materials with Self-Cementing Fly Ash
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D5050-08(2023) - Standard Guide for Commercial Use of Lime Kiln Dusts and Portland Cement Kiln Dusts
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D5759-12(2020) - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and Clean Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Potential Uses
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006
• Referred By: ASTM E1266-20 - Standard Practice for Processing Mixtures of Lime, Fly Ash, and Heavy Metal Wastes in Structural Fills and Other Construction Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006
• Referred By: ASTM E3355-23 - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) in Storage Area(s) for Beneficial Use
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C821-22 - Standard Specification for Lime for Use with Pozzolans
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2006

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C593 – 06
Standard Specification for
Fly Ash and Other Pozzolans for Use With Lime for Soil
1
Stabilization
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
1.1 This specification covers the qualification of fly ash and
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or
other pozzolans for use with lime in plastic, nonplastic mix-
Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement Concrete
tures and other mixtures that affect lime pozzolanic reaction
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
required by soil stabilization. Evaluation of pozzolans contain-
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
ing available lime, such as Class C fly ash, is given consider-
C821 Specification for Lime for Use with Pozzolans
ation. Pozzolans covered include artificial pozzolans such as
D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Charac-
fly ash, and natural pozzolans, such as diatomite and pumicite,
teristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/
in either raw or calcined state.
3 3
ft (2,700 kN-m/m ))
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 For definitions of terms specific to this specification, see
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Terminology C51.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Physical Properties
2. Referenced Documents
2
4.1 Pozzolans for use with lime in plastic mixtures, when
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tested in accordance with the procedures of Sections 7-9, shall
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 1.
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
4.2 Pozzolans for use with lime in nonplastic mixtures shall
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-
conform to the requirements of Table 1, except the lime-
lindrical Concrete Specimens
pozzolan strength requirement, and in addition shall be tested
C50 Practice for Sampling, Sample Preparation, Packaging,
in accordance with the procedures of Section 10.
and Marking of Lime and Limestone Products
C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used
NOTE 1—If the minimum value of the vacuum saturation strength
by the Industry) specified in 4.2 of this specification is reduced, sufficient documentation
shall be provided to the user to enable the determination of a satisfactory
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
minimum residual strength for the given material in its intended use. Such
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
documentation should include at least the following: (1) determination of
Specimens)
a minimum residual strength requirement that will enable the material to
C110 Test Methods for Physical Testing of Quicklime,
perform its structural function in the pavement system; and (2) a rational
Hydrated Lime, and Limestone
analysis,usingactualclimaticdata,thatwillshowtheseverityofexposure
of the material to cyclic freeze-thaw action.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime
5. Sampling
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.02 on Specifications and
5.1 Sample pozzolan in accordance with the applicable
Guidelines.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2006. Published December 2006. Originally
provisions of Test Methods C311, except take one 10-lb
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C593 – 05. DOI:
(4.5-kg) sample from approximately each 400 tons (350 metric
10.1520/C0593-06.
2
tons) of pozzolan.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 5.2 The sampling procedures and techniques shall be con-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
sistent from original sample to project completion.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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C593 – 06
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements
9.5.1 The amount of mixing water, measured in millilitres,
Water-soluble fraction, max, % 10.0 shall be such as to produce a flow of 65 to 75 as determined in
Fineness, amount retained, when wet sieve
...