C07 - Lime and Limestone

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.  
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)  
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.  
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone, (calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, and other materials. Agricultural liming materials shall be classified in terms of calcium carbonate equivalent. Hydrated lime, quicklime, and agricultural slag shall be classified depending on the particle size. In sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials, the amount of liming material passing the sieves to the nearest whole percentage of the total weight of the dry sample shall be calculated. Air-cooled blast-furnace slag shall be classified the same as agricultural limestone. The following results for agricultural liming materials shall be reported: percentage calcium carbonate equivalent, percentage moisture, percentage calcium and magnesium, and sieve analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone (calcareous and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, lime kiln dust and other materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers all types of commercial hydrated lime such as: high-calcium, magnesium, or dolomitic-hydrated lime. This lime is used with pozzolans. The lime shall conform to the required physical and chemical limits: chemical factor, blaine fineness, and pozzolanic receptivity index. The following test methods shall be done: determination of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and carbon dioxide; calculation of chemical factor; blaine fineness; pozzolanic receptivity index; lime-pozzolan strength; and lime-pozzolan-aggregate strength and freeze-thaw resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers all types of commercial hydrated lime such as: high-calcium, magnesian, or dolomitic-hydrated lime. By-product limes and slaked quick limes in dry, wet, or slurried form are also included.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence and concentration of elements in lime and limestone is important in determining product quality and its suitability for various uses. This test method provides a means of measuring the major and trace element concentration in lime and limestone.
SCOPE
1.1 The following test method covers the use of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA) in the analysis of major and trace elements in limestone and lime (calcined limestone).  
1.2 Table 1 lists some of the elements that can be analyzed by this test method and the preferred wavelengths. Also see U.S. EPA Methods 200.7 and 200.9.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of finishing hydrated lime that are suitable for use in the scratch, brown, and finish coats of plaster, for stucco, for mortar, and as an addition to Portland-cement concrete. The two types of lime are Type N and Type S. Finishing hydrated lime shall show no pops or pits. Chemical composition shall conform to the required contents of calcium and magnesium oxides, carbon dioxide, and unhydrated oxides. The plasticity figure for the lime is specified. The following test methods shall be performed: chemical analysis and physical tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of finishing hydrated lime that are suitable for use in the scratch, brown, and finish coats of plaster, for stucco, for mortar, and as an addition to portland-cement concrete. The two types of lime sold under this specification shall be designated as follows:  
1.1.1 Type N—Normal hydrated lime for finishing purposes, and  
1.1.2 Type S—Special hydrated lime for finishing purposes.  
Note 1: Type N, normal finishing hydrated lime, is differentiated from Type S, special finishing hydrated lime, in that no limitation on the amount of unhydrated oxides is specified for Type N hydrate, and the plasticity requirement for Type N hydrate shall be determined after soaking for 16 to 24 h.
Note 2: For lime putty, refer to Specification C1489.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers limestone suitable for use as dust in coal mines to prevent coal dust explosions. The limestone shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed. The chemical analysis and the particle size analysis of the limestone shall be conducted.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pulverized limestone suitable for use as dust in coal mines to reduce risk of coal dust explosions.
Note 1: Pulverized limestone can serve as a source of incombustible material in coal mine operations. Limestone is dusted onto coal exposures in sufficient amount so that the incombustible content of the combined coal dust, rock dust, other dust, and moisture shall not be less than 80 % of all loose dust (MSHA 30 CFR 75.403). With such a concentration of limestone incombustible material, dust explosions cannot initiate or be propagated from nearby gas explosions. The limestone must be substantially dry in order to dust satisfactorily.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hydraulic hydrated lime for structural purposes. Hydraulic hydrated lime may be used in the scratch or brown coat of plaster, stucco, mortar, or in Portland-cement concrete either as blend, amendment, or admixture. The hydraulic hydrated lime shall conform to the chemical composition requirements for calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, and carbon dioxide. The sample shall be subjected to the following test methods: chemical analysis; fineness; normal consistency; time of setting; autoclave expansion; and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hydrated hydraulic lime for structural purposes.  
1.2 Hydrated hydraulic lime may be used in the scratch or brown coat of plaster, stucco, mortar, or in portland-cement concrete either as blend, amendment, or admixture.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lime putty products made from hydrated lime or quicklime products. Lime putty is suitable for use in masonry, plaster and stucco applications. The hydrated lime or quicklime products used to make lime putty shall be tested and shall conform to the chemical composition, plasticity, residue, soaking period, popping and pitting, and density requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lime putty products made from hydrated lime or quicklime products. Lime putty is suitable for use in masonry, plaster and stucco applications.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is designed to present in a standardized format information on the variability of limestone or lime from a single source over a period of time. It can be applied to all materials covered in Test Methods C25, C110, C1271, and C1301, and Specification C141.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for use in instances where the purchaser desires information on the uniformity of limestone or lime produced at a single source. It is intended that this test method normally be used for the predominant material manufactured at a plant. Guidelines for sampling, testing and presentation of results (Table 1) are given.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone. Plastic property testing shall include test methods for standard consistency and plasticity of lime putty, water retention of hydrated lime, and air entrainment. Soundness testing shall include test methods for autoclave expansion, and popping and pitting of hydrated lime. Application testing shall include test methods for slaking rate of quicklime, dry brightness of pulverized limestone, limestone grindability determination by the laboratory ball mill method, and settling rate of hydrated lime. Particle size analysis shall include test methods for residue and sieve analysis, fineness of pulverized quicklime and hydrated lime by air permeability, particle size of pulverized limestone, and dry screening of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone by air jet sieving. Density measurement shall include the following test methods: apparent loose density, and apparent packed density of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone; specific gravity of hydrated lime products; and wet sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime and hydrated lime, and of limestone not otherwise covered in ASTM standards.2  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime have a high affinity for moisture and carbon dioxide. Caution should be taken to protect both hydrated and quicklime during sampling, storage, and testing (see Practice C50).  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Plastic Property Testing  
Standard Consistency of Lime Putty  
5  
Plasticity of Lime Putty  
6  
Water Retention of Hydrated Lime  
7  
Air Entrainment  
8  
Soundness Testing  
Autoclave Expansion of Hydrated and Hydraulic Lime  
9  
Popping and Pitting of Hydrated Lime  
10  
Application Testing  
Slaking Rate of Quicklime  
11  
Dry Brightness of Pulverized Limestone  
12  
Limestone Grindability Determination by the Laboratory Ball Mill
Method  
13  
Settling Rate of Hydrated Lime  
14  
Particle Size Analysis  
Residue and Sieve Analysis  
15  
Sieve Analysis of Dry Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime  
16  
Fineness of Pulverized Quicklime and Hydrated Lime by Air
Permeability  
17  
Particle Size of Pulverized Limestone  
18  
Dry Screening of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and
Limestone by Air Jet Sieving  
19  
Wet Sieve Analysis of Agricultural Liming Materials  
20  
Density Measurement  
Apparent Loose Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime,
and Limestone  
21  
Apparent Packed Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime,
and Limestone  
22  
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Hydrated Lime Products  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are existing lime-based flue gas desulfurization units in operation that require a method to measure the oxides available for sulfur dioxide absorption. Dissolved magnesium oxide varies among limes depending on the limestone sources and calcination conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers analysis of magnesian, dolomitic and high-calcium limes for total neutralizing capability and dissolved major oxides. Dissolved calcium and magnesium are the major species that neutralize acid under the conditions of the test.  
1.2 The test conditions are chosen to measure the acid-neutralizing capacity of both calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide contained in slaked lime. By controlling the neutralization pH at 6, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide are titrated in addition to calcium hydroxide fraction.  
1.3 This test method also determines the fraction of Mg ions present in the lime that will dissolve under lime flue gas desulfurization (FGD) conditions. Because the Mg2+ ion alters FGD performance, it is important to know its concentration.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and verifying that the product meets specifications. It provides rapid, multi-element determinations with sufficient accuracy to ensure product quality and minimize production delays. The analytical performance data included may be used as a benchmark to determine whether similar X-ray spectrometers provide equivalent precision and accuracy, or whether the performance of a particular X-ray spectrometer has changed.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the X-ray emission spectrometric analysis of limestone, quicklime, hydrated lime, and hydraulic lime using wavelength dispersive instruments.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the qualification of fly ash and other pozzolans for use with lime in plastic, nonplastic mixtures and other mixtures that affect lime pozzolanic reaction required by soil stabilization. Evaluation of pozzolans containing available lime, such as Class C fly ash, is given consideration. Pozzolans covered include artificial pozzolans such as fly ash, and natural pozzolans, such as diatomite and pumicite, in either raw or calcined state. Various procedures are recommended to quantify various aspects of the lime enhanced pozzolanic reaction. The tests shall qualify sources of fly ash and other pozzolans to meet specified job or project criteria as related to soil stabilization. The following shall be peformed on the pozzolan: water-soluble fraction, fineness, and lime-pozzolan strength development. For the nonplastic mixtures, compressive strength development and freeze-thaw resistance tests shall be performed. The materials shall be subjected to vacuum saturation strength testing.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This test method states various procedures that are recommended to quantify various aspects of the lime enhanced pozzolanic reaction. These tests are intended to qualify sources of fly ash and other pozzolans to meet specified job or project criteria as related to soil stabilization.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the qualification of fly ash and other pozzolans for use with lime in plastic, nonplastic mixtures and other mixtures that affect lime pozzolanic reaction required by soil stabilization. Evaluation of pozzolans containing available lime, such as Class C fly ash, is given consideration. Pozzolans covered include artificial pozzolans such as fly ash, and natural pozzolans, such as diatomite and pumicite, in either raw or calcined state.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The following practices are to be used in obtaining samples that are representative of the lot being sampled. The methodology used will be dependent upon the size and type of material sampled and testing requirements.  
4.2 The following practices are intended for use in obtaining samples from material that is ready for sale and are not intended as sampling procedures for quality control purposes. These practices are to be used in obtaining a laboratory sample that will yield results serving as a basis for acceptance or rejection of the lot of material sampled. This does not preclude the use of these practices for quality control purposes.  
4.3 The following practices can be used to eliminate bias in sampling. The person or persons responsible for using these practices must be trained and they will be conscientious and timely in their use.  
4.4 An agreement between the producer and the consumer on location of sampling, either at the producer's plant or at the destination, is encouraged. Product quality can be affected through careless handling, improper protection, and delayed shipment. It is preferable to sample at the point of loading. The consumer has the right to witness the sampling practices being used.  
4.5 This practice may be used to provide a representative sample of lime or limestone products. Due to the variability of limestone and lime and the wide variety of sampling equipment, caution must be exercised in all stages of sampling, from system specification and equipment procurement to equipment acceptance testing and actually taking the final sample.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the collection and reduction of samples of lime and limestone products to be used for physical and chemical tests.  
1.2 This practice further covers inspection, rejection, retesting, packing, and marking of lime and limestone products as it may be used in the chemical, agricultural, and process industries.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lime and limestone productions and by-product alkaline materials suitable for environmental uses. Requirements for quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone for the designated end uses are specified, and are on the basis of the weight of sample taken at the place of manufacture. Quicklime shall be free of unslakable residues and shall be capable of disintegrating in water to form a suspension of finely divided material. The amount of residue shall not exceed that agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser (the residue is the amount of the material retained on a specified screen). The slaking rate for the specified quicklime should be matched to the requirements of the slaking equipment. Test methods such as chemical analyses, physical tests and basic factor test shall be performed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lime and limestone products and by-product alkaline materials suitable for environmental uses as shown in Table 1.
   CQ  =  Quicklime, high-calcium   DQ  =  Quicklime, dolomitic   MQ  =   Quicklime, magnesian   CH  =  Hydrated lime, high-calcium   DH  =  Hydrated lime, dolomitic   MH  =  Hydrated lime, magnesian   CL  =  Limestone, high-calcium   DL  =  Limestone, dolomitic    ML  =  Limestone, magnesian    
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The buyer shall designate the use, as listed in Table 1, and may specify one or more of the type designations listed below Table 1.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers limestone supplied for use as a mineral supplement in animal feeds. Limestone shall conform to the chemical requirements specified. In order to determine particle size, a sieve analysis shall be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers limestone supplied for use as a mineral supplement in animal feeds.  
Note 1: The calcium needed for animal nutrition is customarily supplied by limestone. Such limestone must be sufficiently fine to blend with mixed feeds and yet be free from excessive dusting.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard, except for sieve frames which are given in inch-pound units in accordance with Specification E11.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Since all limes and waste acid solutions are different, this test method evaluates the relative quantity of a given lime needed for the neutralization of a specific quantity of acid.  
4.2 Liming materials have a specific basicity factor or measure of alkalinity which can be used for comparing their relative neutralizing power. It avoids dependence on chemical analysis and is determined as grams of calcium oxide equivalents per kilogram of liming material.  
4.3 Likewise, specific waste acids have an acid value that can be expressed as grams of hydrochloric acid equivalent per litre of acid waste. This value is related on a stoichiometric basis to lime neutralization requirements of a liquid acid waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of quicklime and hydrated lime for use in the treatment of waste acid solutions and includes the characterization of the liming material and of the acid waste.  
Note 1: When agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser, this method may be used directly to evaluate the lime requirement for a plant waste acid and in the preparation of the lime slurry; the pH, the time, temperature, and other conditions of treatment may be adjusted to conform to plant practice. Otherwise the test shall be performed as described in this method.
Note 2: Under some conditions of test the lime requirement may vary substantially from that indicated by ultimate chemical analysis or by the use of a determination of available alkalinity by titration to a stoichiometric end point.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous pavements. Hydrated lime, either dry or slurry form, shall conform to the chemical composition requirements for calcium and magnesium oxides, carbon dioxide, unhydrated calcium and magnesium oxides, and free moisture of dry hydrates as shall be determined by chemical analysis. The particle size of hydrated lime shall also be determined using a standardized spray nozzle and pressure gauge.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous paving mixtures.
Note 1: Hydrated lime, either calcitic, dolomitic, or magnesian, improves bonding of bitumen and aggregates which reduces susceptibility to moisture damage, reduces age hardening by chemically stabilizing polar compounds found in asphalts, and increases initial stiffness of asphalt mixtures.
Note 2: No attempt is made to present requirements for any by-product lime.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lime and limestone products that are suitable for chemical and industrial uses such as in waste acid neutralization, agricultural liming, soil stabilization, asphalt, flue gas desulfurization, drinking water softening, waste and wastewater neutralization, and wastewater treatment plant residuals stabilization. The required chemical composition of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone for each selected end use are on the bases of the weight sample taken at the place of manufacture. Quicklime should be free of unslakable residues and should be capable of disintegrating in water to form suspensions of finely divided material.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lime and limestone products suitable for the following chemical and industrial uses:    
Cooking rags  
Sulfite pulp  
Silica brick  
Other water treatment uses  
Calcium carbide  
Grease  
Calcium silicate products  
Hypochlorite (bleach)
The following uses are addressed in other ASTM standards:
Use  
Standard(s)  
Neutralization of Waste Acid (Test Methods)  
C400  
Agricultural Liming Materials  
C602  
Soil Stabilization  
C977  
Asphalt  
C1097  
Flue Gas Desulfurization (Test Methods)  
C1318  
Drinking Water Softening  
C1529  
Waste and Wastewater Neutralization  
C1529  
Wastewater Treatment Plant Residuals (Biosolids) Stabilization  
C1529 and D6249  
1.2 The type designations in Table 1 signify the following:    
Limestone, high-calcium—CL  
Limestone, dolomitic—DL  
Limestone, magnesian—ML  
Quicklime, high-calcium—CQ  
Quicklime, dolomitic—DQ  
Quicklime, magnesian—MQ  
Hydrated lime, high-calcium—CH  
Hydrated lime, dolomitic—DH  
Hydrated lime, magnesian—MH  
1.3 The buyer shall designate the use, as listed in Table 1, and may specify one or more of the type designations in 1.1.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Operators of power and other plants producing alkaline by-products and wastewater treatment plant operators needing to treat and manage wastewater solids will find this guide helpful in dealing with their materials.  
4.2 This guide provides the tests, procedures, and parameters that should be considered to significantly reduce pathogens in wastewater treatment plant solids by the addition of manufactured or by-product alkaline materials(1).4
SCOPE
1.1 This document provides guidance for use of reactive alkaline materials (quicklime, hydrated lime, high lime fly ash, or other byproducts) for treating wastewater solids (biosolids) to reduce pathogen levels and achieve compliance with regulatory requirements. Federal (40 CFR, Part 503) regulations for use or disposal of biosolids became effective on March 22, 1993; refer to USEPA regulations and guidance documents for information on other treatment processes or for specific requirements for use or disposal of biosolids.  
1.2 Additional requirements may be imposed by individual states, and these are available through state regulatory agencies that issue permits for treatment and use or disposal, or both, of biosolids.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This guide does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable analytical procedures to determine the chemical constituents of limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime (see Note 1). The percentages of specific constituents which determine a material's quality or fitness for use are of significance depending upon the purpose or end use of the material. Results obtained may be used in relation to specification requirements.  
4.2 Because quicklime and hydrated lime quickly absorb water and carbon dioxide from the air, precision and bias are extremely dependent upon precautions taken during sample preparation and analysis to minimize excessive exposure to ambient conditions.  
Note 1: These test methods can be applied to other calcareous materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).  
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement between buyer and seller.  
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.  
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section    
Aluminum Oxide  
15  
Available Lime Index  
28    
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:  
Alternative EDTA Titration Method  
31  
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent  
33    
Calcium Oxide:  
Gravimetric Method  
16    
Volumetric Method  
17    
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method  
22    
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum  
12    
Ferrous Iron  
Appendix X5  
Free Calcium Oxide  
Appendix X6    
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime  
21    
Free Moisture in Limestone  
20    
Free Silica  
29  
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:    
Standard Method  
8    
Optional Perchloric Acid Method  
9  
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide  
11    
Loss on Ignition  
19  
Magnesium Oxide  
18  
Manganese:    
Bismuthate Method  
Appendix X4    
Periodate (Photometric) Method  
27    
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions  
34    
Phosphorus:    
Titrimetric Method  
Appendix X3    
Molybdovanadate Method  
26  
Silicon Dioxide  
10  
Strontium Oxide  
Appendix X2    
Sulfur Trioxide  
23    
Total Carbon:    
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell
Method  
32  
Total Carbon and Sulfur:    
Combustion/Infrared Detection Method  
35    
Total Iron:    
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate
Titration  
13    
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method  
Appendix X1  
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method  
14  
Total Sulfur:    
Sodium Carbonate Fusion  
24  
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method  
25  
Unhydrated Oxides  
30  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.  
1.6 This international standard was developed...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers four types of pozzolanic hydraulic lime for structural purposes which include use in mortar, scratch, brown, and finish (stucco) coats of interior or exterior plaster. The four types of pozzolanic hydraulic lime are classified according to the minimum hydrated lime content, maximum hydraulic cement content, and specific performance requirements. Test specimens shall be stored in a moist room or cabinet wherein the storage surface shall be in equilibrium with the space to ensure no moisture loss. The specimens shall be subjected to testing to determine conformance to the following requirements: water soluble alkali, sulfur trioxide content, carbon dioxide content, fineness, maximum time of initial and final set, autoclave expansion, air content, water retention, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers four types of pozzolanic hydraulic lime for structural purposes which include use in mortar, scratch, brown, and finish (stucco) coats of interior or exterior plaster.  
1.1.1 PHL—Pozzolanic hydraulic lime for use in mortar, scratch, brown, and finish (stucco) coats of interior or exterior plaster.  
1.1.2 PHLc—PHL with a maximum 20 % binder weight of hydraulic cement.  
1.1.3 PHL-A—Air-entrained PHL.  
1.1.4 PHLc-A—Air-entrained PHLc.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This specification classifies pozzolanic hydraulic lime by minimum hydrated lime content, maximum hydraulic cement content, and specific performance requirements.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers all classes of quicklime such as crushed lime, granular lime, ground lime, lump lime, pebble lime, and pulverized lime, used for structural purposes. The quicklime shall conform to the chemical composition requirements specified. Quicklime shall be slaked and aged in accordance with printed directions of the manufacturer. The resulting lime putty shall be stored until cool. Test methods shall be performed for the chemical requirements, plasticity and residue requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers all classes of quicklime such as crushed lime, granular lime, ground lime, lump lime, pebble lime, and pulverized lime, used for structural purposes.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification pertains to quicklime and hydrated lime, either high calcium, dolomitic, or magnesium lime, for use in stabilization of soils. Quicklime and hydrated lime for soil stabilization shall conform to the required chemical composition for calcium, magnesium oxides, carbon dioxide, and free moisture. The physical properties of hydrated lime, quicklime, and residue of quicklime shall not exceed the specified limits. Chemical analysis of quicklime and hydrated lime shall be conducted. The particle size of hydrated lime shall be determined in accordance with the sieve analysis of hydrated lime in the referenced standard test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification pertains to quicklime and hydrated lime, either high calcium, dolomitic, or magnesian lime, for use in stabilization of soils (see Note 2).  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime act upon clay soils and may render such soils suitable for highway construction and for other load-bearing applications. In most cases, lime causes finely divided clay particles to agglomerate into coarser particles which improve load-bearing properties and subsequently the lime-treated soil hardens by chemical reaction.
Note 2: No attempt is made to present requirements for by-product lime, commercial lime slurry, and so forth. Specification requirements for these materials could be better determined on a local basis.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers four types of hydrated lime. Type N and S are suitable for use in mortar, in scratch and brown coats of cement plaster, for stucco, and for addition to Portland-cement concrete. Types NA and SA are air-entrained hydrated limes that are suitable for use in any of the above uses where the inherent properties of lime and air-entrainment are desired. The four types of lime under this specification shall be designated as Type N which is the normal hydrated lime for masonry purposes, type S which is the special hydrated lime for masonry purposes, type NA which is the normal air-entraining hydrated lime for masonry purposes and type SA which is the special air-entraining hydrated lime for masonry purposes. Hydrated lime for masonry purposes shall conform to the required chemical composition for calcium and magnesium oxides and carbon dioxide. The hydrated lime covered by Types N or S in this specification shall contain no additives for the purpose of entraining air.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers four types of hydrated lime. Types N and S are suitable for use in mortar, in scratch and brown coats of cement plaster, for stucco, and for addition to portland-cement concrete. Types NA and SA are air-entrained hydrated limes that are suitable for use in any of the above uses where the inherent properties of lime and air-entrainment are desired. The four types of lime sold under this specification shall be designated as follows:  
1.1.1 Type N—Normal hydrated lime for masonry purposes.  
1.1.2 Type S—Special hydrated lime for masonry purposes.  
1.1.3 Type NA—Normal air-entraining hydrated lime for masonry purposes.  
1.1.4 Type SA—Special air-entraining hydrated lime for masonry purposes.  
Note 1: Type S, special hydrated lime, and Type SA, special air-entraining hydrated lime, are differentiated from Type N, normal hydrated lime, and Type NA, normal air-entraining hydrated lime, principally by their ability to develop high, early plasticity and higher water retentivity, and by a limitation on their unhydrated oxide content.
Note 2: For normal (Type N) and special (Type S) finishing hydrated lime, refer to Specification C206.
Note 3: Some building codes prohibit the use of air-entraining materials in mortar, because of the accompanying reduction in bond and compressive strength. Where increased freeze-thaw resistance is important, air-entraining may be beneficial. Air-entraining lime should not be used as a finishing lime.
Note 4: For lime putty, refer to Specification C1489.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.  
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)  
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.  
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.  
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)  
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.  
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone, (calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, and other materials. Agricultural liming materials shall be classified in terms of calcium carbonate equivalent. Hydrated lime, quicklime, and agricultural slag shall be classified depending on the particle size. In sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials, the amount of liming material passing the sieves to the nearest whole percentage of the total weight of the dry sample shall be calculated. Air-cooled blast-furnace slag shall be classified the same as agricultural limestone. The following results for agricultural liming materials shall be reported: percentage calcium carbonate equivalent, percentage moisture, percentage calcium and magnesium, and sieve analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone, (calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, lime kiln dust and other materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone, (calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, and other materials. Agricultural liming materials shall be classified in terms of calcium carbonate equivalent. Hydrated lime, quicklime, and agricultural slag shall be classified depending on the particle size. In sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials, the amount of liming material passing the sieves to the nearest whole percentage of the total weight of the dry sample shall be calculated. Air-cooled blast-furnace slag shall be classified the same as agricultural limestone. The following results for agricultural liming materials shall be reported: percentage calcium carbonate equivalent, percentage moisture, percentage calcium and magnesium, and sieve analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone, (calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, lime kiln dust and other materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable analytical procedures to determine the chemical constituents of limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime (see Note 1). The percentages of specific constituents which determine a material's quality or fitness for use are of significance depending upon the purpose or end use of the material. Results obtained may be used in relation to specification requirements.  
4.2 Because quicklime and hydrated lime quickly absorb water and carbon dioxide from the air, precision and bias are extremely dependent upon precautions taken during sample preparation and analysis to minimize excessive exposure to ambient conditions.  
Note 1: These test methods can be applied to other calcareous materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).  
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement between buyer and seller.  
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.  
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section    
Aluminum Oxide  
15  
Available Lime Index  
28    
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:  
Alternative EDTA Titration Method  
31  
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent  
33    
Calcium Oxide:  
Gravimetric Method  
16    
Volumetric Method  
17    
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method  
22    
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum  
12    
Ferrous Iron  
Appendix X5  
Free Calcium Oxide  
Appendix X6    
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime  
21    
Free Moisture in Limestone  
20    
Free Silica  
29  
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:    
Standard Method  
8    
Optional Perchloric Acid Method  
9  
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide  
11    
Loss on Ignition  
19  
Magnesium Oxide  
18  
Manganese:    
Bismuthate Method  
Appendix X4    
Periodate (Photometric) Method  
27    
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions  
34    
Phosphorus:    
Titrimetric Method  
Appendix X3    
Molybdovanadate Method  
26  
Silicon Dioxide  
10  
Strontium Oxide  
Appendix X2    
Sulfur Trioxide  
23    
Total Carbon:    
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell
Method  
32  
Total Carbon and Sulfur:    
Combustion/Infrared Detection Method  
35    
Total Iron:    
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate
Titration  
13    
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method  
Appendix X1  
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method  
14  
Total Sulfur:    
Sodium Carbonate Fusion  
24  
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method  
25  
Unhydrated Oxides  
30  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in...

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.  
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)  
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.  
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable analytical procedures to determine the chemical constituents of limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime (see Note 1). The percentages of specific constituents which determine a material's quality or fitness for use are of significance depending upon the purpose or end use of the material. Results obtained may be used in relation to specification requirements.  
4.2 Because quicklime and hydrated lime quickly absorb water and carbon dioxide from the air, precision and bias are extremely dependent upon precautions taken during sample preparation and analysis to minimize excessive exposure to ambient conditions.  
Note 1: These test methods can be applied to other calcareous materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).  
1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement between buyer and seller.  
1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.  
1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section    
Aluminum Oxide  
15  
Available Lime Index  
28    
Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:  
Alternative EDTA Titration Method  
31  
Calcium Carbonate Equivalent  
33    
Calcium Oxide:  
Gravimetric Method  
16    
Volumetric Method  
17    
Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method  
22    
Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum  
12    
Ferrous Iron  
Appendix X5  
Free Calcium Oxide  
Appendix X6    
Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime  
21    
Free Moisture in Limestone  
20    
Free Silica  
29  
Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:    
Standard Method  
8    
Optional Perchloric Acid Method  
9  
Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide  
11    
Loss on Ignition  
19  
Magnesium Oxide  
18  
Manganese:    
Bismuthate Method  
Appendix X4    
Periodate (Photometric) Method  
27    
pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions  
34    
Phosphorus:    
Titrimetric Method  
Appendix X3    
Molybdovanadate Method  
26  
Silicon Dioxide  
10  
Strontium Oxide  
Appendix X2    
Sulfur Trioxide  
23    
Total Carbon:    
Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell
Method  
32  
Total Carbon and Sulfur:    
Combustion/Infrared Detection Method  
35    
Total Iron:    
Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate
Titration  
13    
Potassium Permanganate Titration Method  
Appendix X1  
Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method  
14  
Total Sulfur:    
Sodium Carbonate Fusion  
24  
Combustion-Iodate Titration Method  
25  
Unhydrated Oxides  
30  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in...

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone. Plastic property testing shall include test methods for standard consistency and plasticity of lime putty, water retention of hydrated lime, and air entrainment. Soundness testing shall include test methods for autoclave expansion, and popping and pitting of hydrated lime. Application testing shall include test methods for slaking rate of quicklime, dry brightness of pulverized limestone, limestone grindability determination by the laboratory ball mill method, and settling rate of hydrated lime. Particle size analysis shall include test methods for residue and sieve analysis, fineness of pulverized quicklime and hydrated lime by air permeability, particle size of pulverized limestone, and dry screening of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone by air jet sieving. Density measurement shall include the following test methods: apparent loose density, and apparent packed density of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone; specific gravity of hydrated lime products; and wet sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime and hydrated lime, and of limestone not otherwise covered in ASTM standards.2  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime have a high affinity for moisture and carbon dioxide. Caution should be taken to protect both hydrated and quicklime during sampling, storage, and testing (see Practice C50).  
1.2 The test procedures appear in the following order:    
Plastic Property Testing  
Section  
Standard Consistency of Lime Putty  
5  
Plasticity of Lime Putty  
6  
Water Retention of Hydrated Lime  
7  
Air Entrainment  
8  
Soundness Testing  
Autoclave Expansion of Hydrated and Hydraulic Lime  
9  
Popping and Pitting of Hydrated Lime  
10  
Application Testing  
Slaking Rate of Quicklime  
11  
Dry Brightness of Pulverized Limestone  
12  
Limestone Grindability Determination by the Laboratory Ball Mill Method  
13  
Settling Rate of Hydrated Lime  
14  
Particle Size Analysis  
Residue and Sieve Analysis  
15  
Sieve Analysis of Dry Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime  
16  
Fineness of Pulverized Quicklime and Hydrated Lime by Air Permeabiity  
17  
Particle Size of Pulverized Limestone  
18  
Dry Screening of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone by Air Jet Sieving  
19  
Wet Sieve Analysis of Agricultural Liming Materials  
20  
Density Measurement  
Apparent Loose Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
21  
Apparent Packed Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
22  
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Hydrated Lime Products  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone. Plastic property testing shall include test methods for standard consistency and plasticity of lime putty, water retention of hydrated lime, and air entrainment. Soundness testing shall include test methods for autoclave expansion, and popping and pitting of hydrated lime. Application testing shall include test methods for slaking rate of quicklime, dry brightness of pulverized limestone, limestone grindability determination by the laboratory ball mill method, and settling rate of hydrated lime. Particle size analysis shall include test methods for residue and sieve analysis, fineness of pulverized quicklime and hydrated lime by air permeability, particle size of pulverized limestone, and dry screening of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone by air jet sieving. Density measurement shall include the following test methods: apparent loose density, and apparent packed density of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone; specific gravity of hydrated lime products; and wet sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime and hydrated lime, and of limestone not otherwise covered in ASTM standards.2  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime have a high affinity for moisture and carbon dioxide. Caution should be taken to protect both hydrated and quicklime during sampling, storage, and testing (see Practice C50).  
1.2 The test procedures appear in the following order:    
Plastic Property Testing  
Section  
Standard Consistency of Lime Putty  
5  
Plasticity of Lime Putty  
6  
Water Retention of Hydrated Lime  
7  
Air Entrainment  
8  
Soundness Testing  
Autoclave Expansion of Hydrated and Hydraulic Lime  
9  
Popping and Pitting of Hydrated Lime  
10  
Application Testing  
Slaking Rate of Quicklime  
11  
Dry Brightness of Pulverized Limestone  
12  
Limestone Grindability Determination by the Laboratory Ball Mill Method  
13  
Settling Rate of Hydrated Lime  
14  
Particle Size Analysis  
Residue and Sieve Analysis  
15  
Sieve Analysis of Dry Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime  
16  
Fineness of Pulverized Quicklime and Hydrated Lime by Air Permeabiity  
17  
Particle Size of Pulverized Limestone  
18  
Dry Screening of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone by Air Jet Sieving  
19  
Wet Sieve Analysis of Agricultural Liming Materials  
20  
Density Measurement  
Apparent Loose Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
21  
Apparent Packed Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
22  
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Hydrated Lime Products  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are existing lime-based flue gas desulfurization units in operation that require a method to measure the oxides available for sulfur dioxide absorption. Dissolved magnesium oxide varies among limes depending on the limestone sources and calcination conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers analysis of magnesian, dolomitic and high-calcium limes for total neutralizing capability and dissolved major oxides. Dissolved calcium and magnesium are the major species that neutralize acid under the conditions of the test.  
1.2 The test conditions are chosen to measure the acid-neutralizing capacity of both calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide contained in slaked lime. By controlling the neutralization pH at 6, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide are titrated in addition to calcium hydroxide fraction.  
1.3 This test method also determines the fraction of Mg ions present in the lime that will dissolve under lime flue gas desulfurization (FGD) conditions. Because the Mg2+ ion alters FGD performance, it is important to know its concentration.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone. Plastic property testing shall include test methods for standard consistency and plasticity of lime putty, water retention of hydrated lime, and air entrainment. Soundness testing shall include test methods for autoclave expansion, and popping and pitting of hydrated lime. Application testing shall include test methods for slaking rate of quicklime, dry brightness of pulverized limestone, limestone grindability determination by the laboratory ball mill method, and settling rate of hydrated lime. Particle size analysis shall include test methods for residue and sieve analysis, fineness of pulverized quicklime and hydrated lime by air permeability, particle size of pulverized limestone, and dry screening of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone by air jet sieving. Density measurement shall include the following test methods: apparent loose density, and apparent packed density of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone; specific gravity of hydrated lime products; and wet sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime and hydrated lime, and of limestone not otherwise covered in ASTM standards.2  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime have a high affinity for moisture and carbon dioxide. Caution should be taken to protect both hydrated and quicklime during sampling, storage, and testing (see Practice C50).  
1.2 The test procedures appear in the following order:    
Plastic Property Testing  
Section  
Standard Consistency of Lime Putty  
5  
Plasticity of Lime Putty  
6  
Water Retention of Hydrated Lime  
7  
Air Entrainment  
8  
Soundness Testing  
Autoclave Expansion of Hydrated and Hydraulic Lime  
9  
Popping and Pitting of Hydrated Lime  
10  
Application Testing  
Slaking Rate of Quicklime  
11  
Dry Brightness of Pulverized Limestone  
12  
Limestone Grindability Determination by the Laboratory Ball Mill Method  
13  
Settling Rate of Hydrated Lime  
14  
Particle Size Analysis  
Residue and Sieve Analysis  
15  
Sieve Analysis of Dry Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime  
16  
Fineness of Pulverized Quicklime and Hydrated Lime by Air Permeabiity  
17  
Particle Size of Pulverized Limestone  
18  
Dry Screening of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone by Air Jet Sieving  
19  
Wet Sieve Analysis of Agricultural Liming Materials  
20  
Density Measurement  
Apparent Loose Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
21  
Apparent Packed Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
22  
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Hydrated Lime Products  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone. Plastic property testing shall include test methods for standard consistency and plasticity of lime putty, water retention of hydrated lime, and air entrainment. Soundness testing shall include test methods for autoclave expansion, and popping and pitting of hydrated lime. Application testing shall include test methods for slaking rate of quicklime, dry brightness of pulverized limestone, limestone grindability determination by the laboratory ball mill method, and settling rate of hydrated lime. Particle size analysis shall include test methods for residue and sieve analysis, fineness of pulverized quicklime and hydrated lime by air permeability, particle size of pulverized limestone, and dry screening of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone by air jet sieving. Density measurement shall include the following test methods: apparent loose density, and apparent packed density of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone; specific gravity of hydrated lime products; and wet sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime and hydrated lime, and of limestone not otherwise covered in ASTM standards.2  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime have a high affinity for moisture and carbon dioxide. Caution should be taken to protect both hydrated and quicklime during sampling, storage, and testing (see Practice C50).  
1.2 The test procedures appear in the following order:    
Plastic Property Testing  
Section  
Standard Consistency of Lime Putty  
5  
Plasticity of Lime Putty  
6  
Water Retention of Hydrated Lime  
7  
Air Entrainment  
8  
Soundness Testing  
Autoclave Expansion of Hydrated and Hydraulic Lime  
9  
Popping and Pitting of Hydrated Lime  
10  
Application Testing  
Slaking Rate of Quicklime  
11  
Dry Brightness of Pulverized Limestone  
12  
Limestone Grindability Determination by the Laboratory Ball Mill Method  
13  
Settling Rate of Hydrated Lime  
14  
Particle Size Analysis  
Residue and Sieve Analysis  
15  
Sieve Analysis of Dry Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime  
16  
Fineness of Pulverized Quicklime and Hydrated Lime by Air Permeabiity  
17  
Particle Size of Pulverized Limestone  
18  
Dry Screening of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone by Air Jet Sieving  
19  
Wet Sieve Analysis of Agricultural Liming Materials  
20  
Density Measurement  
Apparent Loose Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
21  
Apparent Packed Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
22  
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Hydrated Lime Products  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in brackets are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers lime putty products made from hydrated lime or quicklime products. Lime putty is suitable for use in masonry, plaster and stucco applications. The hydrated lime or quicklime products used to make lime putty shall be tested and shall conform to the chemical composition, plasticity, residue, soaking period, popping and pitting, and density requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lime putty products made from hydrated lime or quicklime products. Lime putty is suitable for use in masonry, plaster and stucco applications.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 There are existing lime-based flue gas desulfurization units in operation that require a method to measure the oxides available for sulfur dioxide absorption. Dissolved magnesium oxide varies among limes depending on the limestone sources and calcination conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers analysis of magnesian, dolomitic and high-calcium limes for total neutralizing capability and dissolved major oxides. Dissolved calcium and magnesium are the major species that neutralize acid under the conditions of the test.  
1.2 The test conditions are chosen to measure the acid-neutralizing capacity of both calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide contained in slaked lime. By controlling the neutralization pH at 6, magnesium hydroxide and magnesium oxide are titrated in addition to calcium hydroxide fraction.  
1.3 This test method also determines the fraction of Mg ions present in the lime that will dissolve under lime flue gas desulfurization (FGD) conditions. Because the Mg++ ion alters FGD performance, it is important to know its concentration.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is designed to present in a standardized format information on the variability of limestone or lime from a single source over a period of time. It can be applied to all materials covered in Test Methods C25, C110, C1271, and C1301, and Specification C141.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is intended for use in instances where the purchaser desires information on the uniformity of limestone or lime produced at a single source. It is intended that this test method normally be used for the predominant material manufactured at a plant. Guidelines for sampling, testing and presentation of results (Table 1) are given.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hydraulic hydrated lime for structural purposes. Hydraulic hydrated lime may be used in the scratch or brown coat of plaster, stucco, mortar, or in Portland-cement concrete either as blend, amendment, or admixture. The hydraulic hydrated lime shall conform to the chemical composition requirements for calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, silica, iron oxide, aluminum oxide, and carbon dioxide. The sample shall be subjected to the following test methods: chemical analysis; fineness; normal consistency; time of setting; autoclave expansion; and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hydrated hydraulic lime for structural purposes.  
1.2 Hydrated hydraulic lime may be used in the scratch or brown coat of plaster, stucco, mortar, or in portland-cement concrete either as blend, amendment, or admixture.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of finishing hydrated lime that are suitable for use in the scratch, brown, and finish coats of plaster, for stucco, for mortar, and as an addition to Portland-cement concrete. The two types of lime are Type N and Type S. Finishing hydrated lime shall show no pops or pits. Chemical composition shall conform to the required contents of calcium and magnesium oxides, carbon dioxide, and unhydrated oxides. The plasticity figure for the lime is specified. The following test methods shall be performed: chemical analysis and physical tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of finishing hydrated lime that are suitable for use in the scratch, brown, and finish coats of plaster, for stucco, for mortar, and as an addition to portland-cement concrete. The two types of lime sold under this specification shall be designated as follows:  
1.1.1 Type N—Normal hydrated lime for finishing purposes, and  
1.1.2 Type S—Special hydrated lime for finishing purposes.  
Note 1: Type N, normal finishing hydrated lime, is differentiated from Type S, special finishing hydrated lime, in that no limitation on the amount of unhydrated oxides is specified for Type N hydrate, and the plasticity requirement for Type N hydrate shall be determined after soaking for 16 to 24 h.
Note 2: For lime putty, refer to Specification C1489.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone. Plastic property testing shall include test methods for standard consistency and plasticity of lime putty, water retention of hydrated lime, and air entrainment. Soundness testing shall include test methods for autoclave expansion, and popping and pitting of hydrated lime. Application testing shall include test methods for slaking rate of quicklime, dry brightness of pulverized limestone, limestone grindability determination by the laboratory ball mill method, and settling rate of hydrated lime. Particle size analysis shall include test methods for residue and sieve analysis, fineness of pulverized quicklime and hydrated lime by air permeability, particle size of pulverized limestone, and dry screening of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone by air jet sieving. Density measurement shall include the following test methods: apparent loose density, and apparent packed density of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone; specific gravity of hydrated lime products; and wet sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime and hydrated lime, and of limestone not otherwise covered in ASTM standards.2  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime have a high affinity for moisture and carbon dioxide. Caution should be taken to protect both hydrated and quicklime during sampling, storage, and testing (see Practice C50).  
1.2 The test procedures appear in the following order:    
Plastic Property Testing  
Section  
Standard Consistency of Lime Putty  
5  
Plasticity of Lime Putty  
6  
Water Retention of Hydrated Lime  
7  
Air Entrainment  
8  
Soundness Testing  
Autoclave Expansion of Hydrated and Hydraulic Lime  
9  
Popping and Pitting of Hydrated Lime  
10  
Application Testing  
Slaking Rate of Quicklime  
11  
Dry Brightness of Pulverized Limestone  
12  
Limestone Grindability Determination by the Laboratory Ball Mill Method  
13  
Settling Rate of Hydrated Lime  
14  
Particle Size Analysis  
Residue and Sieve Analysis  
15  
Sieve Analysis of Dry Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime  
16  
Fineness of Pulverized Quicklime and Hydrated Lime by Air Permeabiity  
17  
Particle Size of Pulverized Limestone  
18  
Dry Screening of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone by Air Jet Sieving  
19  
Wet Sieve Analysis of Agricultural Liming Materials  
20  
Density Measurement  
Apparent Loose Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
21  
Apparent Packed Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
22  
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Hydrated Lime Products  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime, hydrated lime, and limestone. Plastic property testing shall include test methods for standard consistency and plasticity of lime putty, water retention of hydrated lime, and air entrainment. Soundness testing shall include test methods for autoclave expansion, and popping and pitting of hydrated lime. Application testing shall include test methods for slaking rate of quicklime, dry brightness of pulverized limestone, limestone grindability determination by the laboratory ball mill method, and settling rate of hydrated lime. Particle size analysis shall include test methods for residue and sieve analysis, fineness of pulverized quicklime and hydrated lime by air permeability, particle size of pulverized limestone, and dry screening of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone by air jet sieving. Density measurement shall include the following test methods: apparent loose density, and apparent packed density of hydrated lime, pulverized quicklime, and limestone; specific gravity of hydrated lime products; and wet sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover physical testing of quicklime and hydrated lime, and of limestone not otherwise covered in ASTM standards.2  
Note 1: Quicklime and hydrated lime have a high affinity for moisture and carbon dioxide. Caution should be taken to protect both hydrated and quicklime during sampling, storage, and testing (see Practice C50).  
1.2 The test procedures appear in the following order:    
Plastic Property Testing  
Section  
Standard Consistency of Lime Putty  
5  
Plasticity of Lime Putty  
6  
Water Retention of Hydrated Lime  
7  
Air Entrainment  
8  
Soundness Testing  
Autoclave Expansion of Hydrated and Hydraulic Lime  
9  
Popping and Pitting of Hydrated Lime  
10  
Application Testing  
Slaking Rate of Quicklime  
11  
Dry Brightness of Pulverized Limestone  
12  
Limestone Grindability Determination by the Laboratory Ball Mill Method  
13  
Settling Rate of Hydrated Lime  
14  
Particle Size Analysis  
Residue and Sieve Analysis  
15  
Sieve Analysis of Dry Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime  
16  
Fineness of Pulverized Quicklime and Hydrated Lime by Air Permeabiity  
17  
Particle Size of Pulverized Limestone  
18  
Dry Screening of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone by Air Jet Sieving  
19  
Wet Sieve Analysis of Agricultural Liming Materials  
20  
Density Measurement  
Apparent Loose Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
21  
Apparent Packed Density of Hydrated Lime, Pulverized Quicklime, and Limestone  
22  
Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Hydrated Lime Products  
23  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers all types of commercial hydrated lime such as: high-calcium, magnesium, or dolomitic-hydrated lime. This lime is used with pozzolans. The lime shall conform to the required physical and chemical limits: chemical factor, blaine fineness, and pozzolanic receptivity index. The following test methods shall be done: determination of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, and carbon dioxide; calculation of chemical factor; blaine fineness; pozzolanic receptivity index; lime-pozzolan strength; and lime-pozzolan-aggregate strength and freeze-thaw resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers all types of commercial hydrated lime such as: high-calcium, magnesium, or dolomitic-hydrated lime. By-product limes and slaked quick limes in dry, wet, or slurried form are also included.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The presence and concentration of elements in lime and limestone is important in determining product quality and its suitability for various uses. This test method provides a means of measuring the major and trace element concentration in lime and limestone.
SCOPE
1.1 The following test method covers the use of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AA) in the analysis of major and trace elements in limestone and lime (calcined limestone).  
1.2 Table 1 lists some of the elements that can be analyzed by this test method and the preferred wavelengths. Also see U.S. EPA Methods 200.7 and 200.9.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous pavements. Hydrated lime, either dry or slurry form, shall conform to the chemical composition requirements for calcium and magnesium oxides, carbon dioxide, unhydrated calcium and magnesium oxides, and free moisture of dry hydrates as shall be determined by chemical analysis. The particle size of hydrated lime shall also be determined using a standardized spray nozzle and pressure gauge.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high calcium, dolomitic and magnesian-hydrated lime for use in asphalt cement or bituminous paving mixtures.Note 1—Hydrated lime, either calcitic, dolomitic, or magnesian, improves bonding of bitumen and aggregates which reduces susceptibility to moisture damage, reduces age hardening by chemically stabilizing polar compounds found in asphalts, and increases initial stiffness of asphalt mixtures.Note 2—No attempt is made to present requirements for any by-product lime.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone, (calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, and other materials. Agricultural liming materials shall be classified in terms of calcium carbonate equivalent. Hydrated lime, quicklime, and agricultural slag shall be classified depending on the particle size. In sieve analysis of agricultural liming materials, the amount of liming material passing the sieves to the nearest whole percentage of the total weight of the dry sample shall be calculated. Air-cooled blast-furnace slag shall be classified the same as agricultural limestone. The following results for agricultural liming materials shall be reported: percentage calcium carbonate equivalent, percentage moisture, percentage calcium and magnesium, and sieve analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers agricultural liming materials, such as quicklime (burnt lime), hydrated lime, limestone, (calcitic and dolomitic), marl, shells, and by-products including slag, lime kiln dust and other materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers limestone suitable for use as dust in coal mines to prevent coal dust explosions. The limestone shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed. The chemical analysis and the particle size analysis of the limestone shall be conducted.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers limestone suitable for use as dust in coal mines to reduce risk of coal dust explosions.Note 1—Limestone can serve as a source of incombustible material in coal mine operations. Limestone is dusted onto coal exposures in sufficient amount so that not less than 65 % of all loose dust shall be limestone incombustible material. In return air courses the concentration of incombustible materials should be not less than 80 % of the total dust (MSHA 30 CFR 75.403). With such a concentration of limestone incombustible material, dust explosions cannot initiate or be propagated from nearby gas explosions. The limestone must be substantially dry in order to dust satisfactorily.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers limestone supplied for use as a mineral supplement in animal feeds. Limestone shall conform to the chemical requirements specified. In order to determine particle size, a sieve analysis shall be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers limestone supplied for use as a mineral supplement in animal feeds. Note 1—The calcium needed for animal nutrition is customarily supplied by limestone. Such limestone must be sufficiently fine to blend with mixed feeds and yet be free from excessive dusting.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard, except for sieve frames which are given in inch-pound units in accordance with Specification E11.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.