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ASTM E2986-15

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Evaluation of Environmental Aspects of Sustainability of Manufacturing Processes

Standard Guide for Evaluation of Environmental Aspects of Sustainability of Manufacturing Processes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides a reference to the manufacturing community for the evaluation of environmental sustainability aspects of manufacturing processes. This guide is intended to improve efficiencies and consistencies of informal methods by providing procedures for consistent evaluations of manufacturing processes.  
4.2 This guide describes a procedure to identify parameters and models for evaluating sustainability metrics for a particular process. Users of this guide will benefit from insight into the sustainability implications of selected processes as well as the contributing factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidance to develop manufacturer-specific procedures for evaluating the environmental sustainability performance of manufacturing processes. This guide introduces decision support methods that can be used to improve sustainability performance.  
1.2 The scope of this guide is constrained by the manufacturing phase of the life cycle. The guide addresses specifics related to the processes and procedures within this phase.  
1.3 This guide will allow manufacturers to make effective evaluations during plant and enterprise-wide decision-making within the manufacturing phase.  
1.4 This guide focuses on environmental sustainability impacts, though social and economic impacts are not explicitly excluded.  
1.5 This guide addresses:  
1.5.1 Setting boundaries for the evaluation of environmental sustainability of a process or processes,  
1.5.2 Identifying the process and equipment-related parameters necessary for environmental sustainability-driven process evaluation,  
1.5.3 Creating process models using these parameters,  
1.5.4 Utilizing process models to support consistent evaluations and sustainability-driven decision-making in a manufacturing enterprise.
Note 1: See ULE 880 for additional guidance at enterprise-level decision-making.  
1.6 This guide may be used to complement other standards that address sustainability and the product life cycle. This guide most closely relates to the inventory component as discussed in the ISO 14040 series (ISO 14040, ISO 14044) standards, efficiency as discussed in the ISO 50000 series (ISO 50001) standards, and resource management as discussed in the ISO 55000 series (ISO 55001) standards.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jul-2015
ICS
03.100.01 - Company organization and management in general
Technical Committee
E60 - Sustainability
Drafting Committee
E60.13 - Sustainable Manufacturing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM E3200-21 - Standard Guide for Investment Analysis in Environmentally Sustainable Manufacturing
Effective Date
01-Aug-2015
Referred By
ASTM E3012-22 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes
Effective Date
01-Aug-2015
Referred By
ASTM E3096-18 - Standard Guide for Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes
Effective Date
01-Aug-2015

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ASTM E2986-15 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Environmental Aspects of Sustainability of Manufacturing ProcessesASTM E2986-15 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Environmental Aspects of Sustainability of Manufacturing Processes
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ASTM E2986-15 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Environmental Aspects of Sustainability of Manufacturing Processes
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2986 − 15
Standard Guide for
Evaluation of Environmental Aspects of Sustainability of
1
Manufacturing Processes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2986; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 50001) standards, and resource management as discussed in
the ISO 55000 series (ISO 55001) standards.
1.1 This guide provides guidance to develop manufacturer-
specific procedures for evaluating the environmental sustain- 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ability performance of manufacturing processes. This guide standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
introduces decision support methods that can be used to standard.
improve sustainability performance.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.2 The scope of this guide is constrained by the manufac-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
turing phase of the life cycle. The guide addresses specifics
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
related to the processes and procedures within this phase.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This guide will allow manufacturers to make effective
evaluations during plant and enterprise-wide decision-making 2. Referenced Documents
within the manufacturing phase. 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 This guide focuses on environmental sustainability E1808 Guide for Designing and Conducting Visual Experi-
impacts, though social and economic impacts are not explicitly
ments
excluded. E2114 Terminology for Sustainability Relative to the Perfor-
mance of Buildings
1.5 This guide addresses:
E2629 Guide for Verification of ProcessAnalytical Technol-
1.5.1 Settingboundariesfortheevaluationofenvironmental
ogy (PAT) Enabled Control Systems
sustainability of a process or processes,
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.5.2 Identifying the process and equipment-related param-
ISO 14040 Environmental management—Life cycle assess-
eters necessary for environmental sustainability-driven process
ment—Principles and framework
evaluation,
ISO 14044 Environmental management—Life cycle assess-
1.5.3 Creating process models using these parameters,
ment—Requirements and guidelines
1.5.4 Utilizing process models to support consistent evalu-
ISO 50001 Energy management
ations and sustainability-driven decision-making in a manufac-
ISO 55001 Asset management—Management systems—
turing enterprise.
Requirements
4
NOTE 1—See ULE 880 for additional guidance at enterprise-level
2.3 UL Standards:
decision-making.
ULE 880 Sustainability for Manufacturing Organizations
1.6 This guide may be used to complement other standards
3. Terminology
that address sustainability and the product life cycle. This
guide most closely relates to the inventory component as 3.1 Definitions of terms shall be in accordance with Termi-
discussed in the ISO 14040 series (ISO 14040, ISO 14044) nology E2114.
standards, efficiency as discussed in the ISO 50000 series (ISO
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability the ASTM website.
3
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.13 on Sustainable Manufac- Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
turing. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published August 2015. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from UL, 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, http://
E2986-15. www.ul.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2986 − 15
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 5.2 Setting Sustainability Objective:
3.2.1 indicator, n—quantitativevalueorqualitativeinforma- 5.2.1 Sustainabilityassessmentstartswithastatementofthe
tion derived from a set of parameters that provides information sustainability goals, including the area of opportunity to be
about the state of a phenomenon. addressed. In this step, an organization identifies the opportu-
3.2.1.1 Discussion—An example of a common indicator is nities from several perspectives: organizational,
5
CO equivalent emissions. environmental, external and internal stakeholders.
2
3.2.1.2 Discussion—An indicat
...

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4.1 This guide provides a systematic approach for characterizing the environmental aspects of manufacturing processes based on well-established formal languages.
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1.10 This international standard was developed...

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2.1 The terminology included in this standard is intended to provide definitions for sustainable manufacturing terms. This standard is intended to be referenced by other sustainable manufacturing standards.  
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1.1 The standard includes terminology applicable to sustainable manufacturing.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides a reference to the manufacturing community for the evaluation of environmental sustainability aspects of manufacturing processes. This guide is intended to improve efficiencies and consistencies of informal methods by providing procedures for consistent evaluations of manufacturing processes.  
4.2 This guide describes a procedure to identify parameters and models for evaluating sustainability metrics for a particular process. Users of this guide will benefit from insight into the sustainability implications of selected processes as well as the contributing factors.
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1.1 This guide provides guidance to develop manufacturer-specific procedures for evaluating the environmental sustainability performance of manufacturing processes. This guide introduces decision support methods that can be used to improve sustainability performance.  
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1.4 This guide focuses on environmental sustainability impacts, though social and economic impacts are not explicitly excluded.  
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1.5.2 Identifying the process and equipment-related parameters necessary for environmental sustainability-driven process evaluation,  
1.5.3 Creating process models using these parameters,  
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1.2 This guide defines the conceptual model of a unit manufacturing process (UMP) from which a formal representation can be specified.  
1.3 This guide defines the graphical representation of a UMP model that supports the systematic structuring and visualizing of manufacturing information.  
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1.8 This guide does not purport to address all of the security issues and the risks associated with manufacturing information. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to follow practices and establish appropriate information technology related security measures.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides a reference to the manufacturing community for the evaluation of environmental sustainability aspects of manufacturing processes. This guide is intended to improve efficiencies and consistencies of informal methods by providing procedures for consistent evaluations of manufacturing processes.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidance to develop manufacturer-specific procedures for evaluating the environmental sustainability performance of manufacturing processes. This guide introduces decision support methods that can be used to improve sustainability performance.  
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1.5 This guide addresses:  
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1.5.2 Identifying the process and equipment-related parameters necessary for environmental sustainability-driven process evaluation,  
1.5.3 Creating process models using these parameters,  
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4.3.1 Positive and negative value contributions of assets are relevant to mission success.  
4.4 Value contribution to the mission success of the organization of the assets is relevant.  
4.5 Asset hierarchies or models based on other asset attributes may be useful as well.  
4.6 Understanding the breadth of assets allows organizations to give full consideration of the contribution of assets to the mission success of the organization.  
4.6.1 As an example, when a trucking company considers its assets, the trucks, trailers, and related equipment are an obvious starting point. Real property used to stage, store, load, unload, maintain, and perform other mission-related tasks follows. Administrative space (real property) and equipment (personal property) supporting the organizational mission are included, regardless of ownership. Management control systems, networks, software, knowledge, and perceptions are non-physical assets contributing value in support of mission objectives. As with all assets discussed in this example, ownership of the assets is an important consideration, but a consideration that is not relevant to understanding all the assets that contribute to mission success. In that light, the public roads and bridges carrying the trucks to their destinations and back are clearly assets essential to mission success. Air and water are essential to operation of the trucking equipment, and to the staff supporting the mission, and therefore are assets of the organization.  
4.7 It is likely that many or most organizations have assets from every classification at every level of this hierarchy.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a useful hierarchical arrangement of the breadth of asset types.  
1.2 This taxonomy is based on the innate characteristics of the asset, not on the asset's use, cost, owner, or other factors.  
1.3 Biological life forms are excluded.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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