ASTM D6114-97(2002)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Asphalt-Rubber Binder
Standard Specification for Asphalt-Rubber Binder
ABSTRACT
This specification covers asphalt-rubber binder, consisting of a blend of paving grade asphalt cements, ground recycled tire (that is, vulcanized) rubber and other additives, as needed, for use as binder in pavement construction. The rubber shall be blended and interacted in the hot asphalt cement sufficiently to cause swelling of the rubber particles prior to use. Tests shall be performed to conform with the physical requirements of the asphalt-rubber binder, in accordance with the following test methods: apparent viscosity; modified test method; penetration; softening point; resilience; flash point; thin-film oven test residue; and penetration retention.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers asphalt-rubber binder, consisting of a blend of paving grade asphalt cements, ground recycled tire (that is, vulcanized) rubber and other additives, as needed, for use as binder in pavement construction. The rubber shall be blended and interacted in the hot asphalt cement sufficiently to cause swelling of the rubber particles prior to use.
Note 1—It has been found that at least 15 % rubber by weight of the total blend is usually necessary to provide acceptable properties of asphalt-rubber.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test method portions only, Sections 4 and 5 of this Specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 4.3.2.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D 6114 – 97 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Specification for
Asphalt-Rubber Binder
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 946 Specification for Penetration-Graded Asphalt Ce-
ment for Use in Pavement Construction
1.1 This specification covers asphalt-rubber binder, consist-
D 1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat andAir onAsphal-
ing of a blend of paving grade asphalt cements, ground
tic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)
recycled tire (that is, vulcanized) rubber and other additives, as
D 1864 Test Method for Moisture in Mineral Aggregate
needed, for use as binder in pavement construction.The rubber
Used on Built-Up Roofs
shall be blended and interacted in the hot asphalt cement
D 2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-
sufficiently to cause swelling of the rubber particles prior to
Newtonian Materials by Rotational (Brookfield type) Vis-
use.
cometer
NOTE 1—It has been found that at least 15 % rubber by weight of the
D 2872 TestMethodforEffectofHeatandAironaMoving
total blend is usually necessary to provide acceptable properties of
Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)
asphalt-rubber.
D 3381 Specification for Viscosity-Graded Asphalt Cement
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
for Use in Pavement Construction
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
D 5329 Test Methods for Sealants and Fillers, Hot-Applied,
information only.
for Joints and Cracks in Asphaltic and Portland Cement
1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test
Concrete Pavements
method portions only, Sections 4 and 5 of this Specification:
D 5644 Test Methods for Rubber Compounding
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
Materials—Determination of Particle Size Distribution of
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
Recycled Vulcanizate Particulate Rubber
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
3. Materials
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are
3.1 Asphalt Cement—The asphalt cement shall meet the
given in 4.3.2.
requirements of Specification D 946 or Table1or3of
Specification D 3381. Acceptable grades shall be able to
2. Referenced Documents
produce the properties of Table 1 of this specification when
2.1 ASTM Standards:
interacted with ground recycled tire rubber.
D5 Test Method for Penetration of Bituminous Materials
3.2 Ground Recycled Tire Rubber:
D36 Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-
3.2.1 The ground recycled tire rubber shall contain less than
and-Ball Apparatus)
0.75 % moisture by weight and shall be free flowing. The
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
specific gravity of the rubber shall be 1.15 6 0.05. The ground
Closed Cup Tester
recycled tire rubber shall contain no visible nonferrous metal
D 140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
particles and no more than 0.01 % ferrous metal particles by
weight.
1 3.2.2 For use in hot mix binders, the fiber content shall not
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.40 on exceed 0.5 % by weight of ground recycled tire rubber.
Asphalt Specifications.
Howeverforuseinbindersforsprayapplications,fibercontent
Current edition approved May 10, 1997. Published October 1998. Originally
shall not exceed 0.1 % by weight. Up to 4 % by weight of
published as D 6114 – 97. Last previous edition D 6114 – 97.
mineral powder (such as talc) is permitted to prevent sticking
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
andcakingoftherubberparticles.Otherforeigncontaminating
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
materials (see Note 2) shall be less than 0.25 % by weight.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 6114 – 97 (2002)
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for Asphalt-Rubber Binder
A
Binder Designation Type I Type II Type III
Apparent Viscosity, 175°C (347°F):cP min 1500 1500 1500
Modified Test Method D 2196, Method
B,C
A, (see 5.4) max 5000 5000 5000
Penetration, 25°C (77°F) 100g, 5 s: min 25 25 50
⁄10 mm (Test Method D5) max 75 75 100
Penetration, 4°C (39.2°F), 200g , 60 s:
min 10 15 25
⁄10 mm (Test Method D5)
Softening Point: °C (°F) min 57.2 54.4 51.7
(Test Method D36) (135) (130) (125)
Resilience, 25°C (77°F): %
min 25 20 10
(Test Method D 5329)
Flash Point: °C (°F) min 232.2 232.2 232.2
(Test Method D93) (450) (450) (450)
Thin-Film Oven Test Residue (Test Method
.... .... .... ....
D
D 1754)
Penetration Retention, 4°C (39.2°F):
min 75 75 75
% of original (Test Method D5)
A
See Appendix for recommended climate guidelines for usage.
B
Either digital or dial reading Brookfield viscometers may be used - record peak measurement.
For LV series models, use spindle 3 at 12 rpm.
For RV and HA series models, use spindle 3 at 20 rpm.
C
Rion or Haake-type high range rotational viscometers may also be used (with Rotor No. 1) when correlated with Brookfield measurements, as may other rotational
viscometers. However Brookfield shall be the referee method.
D
RTFO Residue (See Test Method D 2872) may be substituted for TFOT Residue, except TFOT shall be the referee method in cases of dispute.
NOTE 2—Other foreign contaminants include, but are not limited to,
4.2 Asphalt-Rubber Sampling:
materials such as glass, sand, wood, etc.
4.2.1 Samplecontainersandhandlingshallbeinaccordance
3.2.3 It is recommended that no rubber particles should be
with Practice D 140.
retained on the 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve. Rubber gradation
4.2.2 Representative samples shall be taken from a sample
should be agreed upon between purchaser and asphalt-rubber
valve or tap on the agitated tank in accordance with Practice
supplier for the specific mixture applications (see Note 3).
D 140, unless otherwise directed.
NOTE 3—It has been found that rubber gradiation may affect the
4.3 Preparation of Pre-Blended Asphalt-Rubber Samples
physical properties and performance of hot paving mixtures using
for Acceptance Testing:
asphalt-rubber binder.
4.3.1 Sample Melting and Heating—Loosen the cover of
3.3 Asphalt-Rubber:
the original sample container to relieve pressure, then place the
3.3.1 The asphalt-rubber shall be an interacted blend of
container in a preheated forced-draft oven and maintain oven
paving grade asphalt cement and ground recycled tire rubber.
temperature as required to heat sample to test temperature (see
Other additives not cited herein including other types of scrap
Note 4). After1hor when the asphalt-rubber material begins
rubber are permitted.
toliquify,removecover.Stirwithaspatulaasrequiredtoavoid
3.3.2 The asphalt-rubber shall not foam when heated to
localizedoverheatingofsampleandtoachieveuniformsample
175°C (347°F).
temperature. Replace cover and repeat these steps as needed.
3.3.3 Theasphalt-rubberblendshallconformtothephysical
requirements ofTable 1.This table was developed to provide a
NOTE 4—Only those samples which will be tested for viscosity at
reference for specifying asphalt-rubb
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