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ASTM D3594-93(2006)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate Copolymers

Standard Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate Copolymers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Ethyl acrylate is copolymerized with ethylene to produce film, molding, and wire coating resins with improved physical properties. Ethyl acrylate comonomer increases flexibility, stress cracking resistance, toughness, and clarity. A rapid quantitative technique is needed for the evaluation of the amount of ethyl acrylate in a resin for specification purposes because physical properties change rapidly with increasing comonomer content.
Infrared spectrophotometric analysis, when suitably calibrated, can be used for the measurement of the concentration of comonomer present. Calibration is performed with samples that have been analyzed for oxygen content by fast neutron activation analysis. Oxygen content is converted to ethyl acrylate comonomer content by a simple calculation.
A purpose of the infrared method of analysis is to provide a procedure for use in quality control analysis. It is a rapid, secondary method of analysis as contrasted with the more expensive and time-consuming fast neutron activation analysis which is the primary, calibrating method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymers containing from 1 to 25 % ethyl acrylate comonomer.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI-10.)
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Aug-2006
ICS
83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.70 - Analytical Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3594-93(2000) - Standard Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate Copolymers
Effective Date
01-Sep-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D3594-93(2013) - Standard Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate Copolymers (Withdrawn 2019)
Effective Date
01-Apr-2013
Referred By
ASTM D5576-00(2021)e1 - Standard Practice for Determination of Structural Features in Polyolefins and Polyolefin Copolymers by Infrared Spectrophotometry (FT-IR)
Effective Date
01-Sep-2006

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ASTM D3594-93(2006) - Standard Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate CopolymersASTM D3594-93(2006) - Standard Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate Copolymers
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ASTM D3594-93(2006) - Standard Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate Copolymers
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3594 − 93(Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate
1
Copolymers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The infrared absorption band at 11.60 µm responds to
1.1 This test method covers ethylene-ethyl acrylate copoly-
increases in comonomer content.There is no absorption at this
mers containing from 1 to 25% ethyl acrylate comonomer.
wavelengthwhenthereisnocomonomerpresent.Itapparently
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
is unique and characteristic of the copolymer. There is no
standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI-10.)
interference from the monomer at this wavelength.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 The infrared absorption band at 11.60 µm is of medium
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
intensity;consequently,fairlythickfilmsareemployed.Thisis
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
an advantage in that errors in measurements of the thicknesses
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of films have minimal influence on the analytical result. Film
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
thicknessisselectedsothatnotmorethan80%oftheinfrared
energy is absorbed at the analytical wavelength. The approxi-
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
mate thicknesses found to be satisfactory for different concen-
trationsofcomonomerareasfollows:(1)lessthan5weight%
2. Referenced Documents
ethyl acrylate=0.5 mm, (2) 5 to 15 weight% ethyl acry-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
late=0.25 mm, and (3) 15 to 25 weight% ethyl acry-
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
late=0.18 mm. It is necessary first to press a film approxi-
3
D1898Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
mately 0.25 mm in thickness and scan it to observe the
E131Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy
absorption intensity unless the approximate ethyl acrylate
E168Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quanti-
content is known.
tative Analysis
4.3 For the highest precision, the test method requires that
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
the thickness of the sample film be determined accurately.
ASTM Test Methods
E275PracticeforDescribingandMeasuringPerformanceof
4.4 The general procedure is to scan the absorption band
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
from 10.50 to 12.50 µm, although a single-point measurement
IEEE/ASTM SI-10Standard for Use of the International
may also be used.This test method describes the use of a scan
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
and employs the base-line method as outlined in 7.2 and the
figure illustrating the Base-Line Method for MeasuringAbsor-
3. Terminology
bance of Practices E168. A calibration curve is prepared by
plotting absorbance per millimetre values versus weight per-
3.1 See Terminology D883.
cent ethyl acrylate for several copolymers which have had
ethyl acrylate contents established by a fast neutron activation
analysis of oxygen content. The ethyl acrylate content of an
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
unknown sample is then obtained by referring the absorbance
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Meth-
per millimetre value to the calibration curve.
ods.70.08).
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2006. Published September 2006. Originally
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D3594-93(2000).
5. Significance and Use
DOI: 10.1520/D3594-93R06.
2
5.1 Ethyl acrylate is copolymerized with ethylene to pro-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
duce film, molding, and wire coating resins with improved
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
physical properties. Ethyl acrylate comonomer increases
the ASTM website.
3
flexibility, stress cracking resistance, toughness, and clarity.A
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. rapid quantitative technique is needed for the evaluation of the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3594 − 93 (2006)
amount of ethyl acrylate in a resin for specification purposes independentmethod.Thesamplesshouldvaryinethylacrylate
becaus
...

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